Supreme Court of New York July 2022 casesPeople v. RiverPeople v. WeirSchwesinger v. PerlisKetterer v. GraysonShabtai v. HFZ Capital Grp.SJWA LLC v. Father Realty Corp.Doe v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Mitchell v. The City of New YorkMcCabe v. Cent. Park Aesthetic & LaserYunjie Yang v. Knights Genesis Grp.Tague v. McLarenAdnan v. Samsung Elecs. Am.Valvi v. FTBK Inv'r LLCMiller v. BostromDematteis/Darcon, Joint Venture v. City of New YorkLadder Capital Fin. VIII Reit v. 1917 ACP Owner LLCColton v. MaisonRSD857 LLC v. WrightNasir v. N.Y. Univ. Hosps. Ctr.Tregillies v. DiprimaThe Bank of N.Y. Mellon v. LuriaBronxville Scout Comm. v. Cnty. of WestchesterEmpireMediHoldings, LLC v. Bridge Funding Cap LLCLarsen v. Larsen459 Wash., LLC v. AtkinsEastgate Whitehouse LLC v. Gordon H. Smith Corp.Fishbein v. GoldmanPeople's United Bank v. 102-104 Rogers Ave.Zelaya v. IrizarryPrincipia Partners v. Swap Fin. Grp.Raji v. SG Am's Sec.Prince v. ShestakovichHeritage Springs Sewer Works, Inc. v. BoghosianY.H. v. E.S.800 Grand Concourse Owners, Inc. v. ThompsonPeople v. PosadaKrystal Laccesaglia v. Comfort Dental At Rocky Point, PLLCPeople v. WuPeople v. J.V.Brawer v. LeporGratitude Capital LLC v. W. 136 St. HarlemHoneedew Investing LLC v. JP Morgan Chase BankAmnesty Int'l U.S. v. N.Y.C. Police Dep'tArgonaut Ins. Co. v. Chelsea 7 Corp.People v. JUUL Labs.Garrett v. The City of New YorkTeshabaeva v. Family Home Care Servs. of Brooklyn & QueensAdes v. Van Dale Indus.Kimmelman v. SmithU.S. Bank v. BucoGallagher's Stud, Inc. v. Gallagher's Famous, LLCLowry v. McPhersonFlores v. BurgosPeople v. PorcherDipierno v. New Jersey Transit CorporationVera v. The 58 to 64-40th St. Corp.Atsco Footwear Holdings, LLC v. KBG, LLCTekiner v. Bremen House Inc.Zapata v. Orga LLC605 Fifth Prop. Owner v. Rehab World Physical Therapy PLLCMarasco v. ExxonMobil Oil Corp.Kolchins v. Evolution Mkts.Brightman v. Corizon, Inc.People v. J.V.Shabtai v. HFZ Capital Grp., LLCC.R. v. M.B.Chi. Title Ins. Co. v. Crossroads Abstract Corp.People v. CandyXianlan Lin v. Camb Magnolia HousePeople v. WalkerPeople v. LondonPeople v. GuthrieVocino v. BlasofMcCabe v. Cent. Park Aesthetic & LaserWilmington Sav. Fund Soc'y v. E. Fork Capital EquitiesCaban v. VolovnikSantiago v. The City of New York35th St. Assocs. v. 7 & up Clothing Store, Inc.Cevoli v. Consol. Edison Co. of N.Y.Haskins v. Metro. Transp. Auth.Firescu v. DiamondZicklin v. Bergdorf Goodman Inc.Pottick v. WeidmannThe N.Y. Black Car Operators Injury Comp. Fund v. Siler & Ingber LLPBrown v. N.Y.C. Dep't of Educ.Tretyakov v. PerrottaJa Lee Kao v. Onyx Renewable Partners L.P.Stafford v. A&E Real Estate Holdings, LLC18 E. 41 St St. Partners v. GamlieliAdler v. MitchellGershenson v. Local 52Gaughan v. AnonymousFed'n LLC v. R & D Precious Metals Inc.D.R. v. B.K.78/79 York Assoc. v. RadetskyPeople v. VasquezGaughan v. AnonymousHegazy v. Mount Sinai Hosp.Kazaryan v. CurreriIn re Truist BankRusso v. PatelCastro v. FraserGhana v. LabkowskiLedden v. The Gramercy Park Block Ass'nWeingrad v. SchusterParlux Fragrances, LLC v. S. Carter Enters.Pinto v. Mount Sinai Health Sys.In re Filipinas-Americas Sci. & Art Found.214 W. 39Th St., LLC v. New Era Brands, LLCMurray v. CalhounAm. Transit Ins. Co. v. GEICO Gen. Ins. Co.13 E. 9th St., LLC v. SeeligYoung v. 1530 Rosedale PartnersSantos-Brea v. 901 Honeywell, LLCC.R. v. M.B.Young v. 1530 Rosedale Partners LLCForest Rd. Co. v. Garbo Holdings LLCTracy Tong v. BenitoFemia v. Astra Transp. Corp.Elliott v. 69 W. 9 Owners Corp.Comm'rs of The State Ins. Fund v. Caledonia Carting Servs.Cox v. Restoration Mgmt. PlusAxen v. YankelevichMcCray v. City of New York-Dep't of Educ.Leiman v. WhiteGC Eng Eng'g Assocs. v. Goshow Architects, LLPU.S. Bank v. FesslerJ.T. Tai & Co. v. DavenportLaw Bucks, LLC v. Monaco & Monaco, LLPWSP U.S., Inc. v. City of New York Office of Admin. Trials & HearingsZdanowitz v. Queens-Long Island Med. Grp.Prospect Auto Sales & Repairs, Inc. v. State Farm Ins. Cos.Dellwood Dev. v. The Coffinas Law Firm, PLLC78/79 York Assoc. v. RadetskyPeople v. RodriguezPeople v. RayKhan v. N.Y. City Health & Hosps. Corp.Delucca v. Hayfin Capital Mgmt.Ventra v. 377 Greenwich LLCPeople v. WardMantilla v. N.Y.C. Dep't of Hous. Pres. & Dev.Amato v. KancharlaRappoport v. John Nye, Nye & Co.Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund Ltd. v. Aterian Inc.Country-Wide Ins. Co. v. CruzCozy Bay Assocs. v. BariLakeland Bank v. Sixth St. Cmty. Ctr.Nomura Home Equity Loan, Inc. v. Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc.ARK250 Doe v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Cronin v. Carolina Mfg. Co.People v. GastonBayon v. The City of New YorkUBS Sec. v. Highland Capital Mgmt.High Valley Designs Ltd. v. Bruno Frustaci Contracting Inc.InnerWorkings, Inc. v. Arik Eshel CPA, & Assoc.Ades v. Van Dale Indus.N.Y.C. Clerical Admin. Emps. v. The City of New YorkPeople v. F., JustinChaplin v. Permission Data, LLCHindlin v. Prescription Songs LLCKnight v. The N.Y. & Presbyterian Hosp.Yohe v. Amchem Prods.Safier v. City of New YorkAllied World Ins. Co. v. Nat'l Union Fire Ins. Co. of Pittsburgh, PAGordon v. UddinGSCP VI Edgemarc Holdings LLC v. ETC Ne. PipelineBarbarino v. BASF Catalysts LLCHobish v. AXA Equitable Life Ins. Co.Ketterer v. GraysonParisien v. Travelers Ins. Co.Mora v. Deb-Bie Realty Assocs.D'Auria v. DoughertyFreedom Holding, Inc. v. HaartBullis v. SambevskiEspinoza v. SuzmanPeople v. JosephLeeboo v. CohanIsaly v. GardePeople v. RodriguezAdler v. MitchellD.R. v. B.K.People v. LyPeople v. CareyLindsay v. CG Maiden Member LLCCarmo v. St. Luke's Roosevelt Hosp. Ctr.Ercegovic v. Zoltan Trans LLCThe Harry T. Burleigh Soc'y v. FooteApollo Glob. Mgmt. v. CernichRuru & Assocs. v. Weinberg Holdings, LLCRosenfeld v. SuJohnson v. SheaLotte Hotel N.Y. Palace v. DiguiseppeDominguez v. Silvershore Props. 96Thau v. Dewitt Rehab. & Nursing Ctr.Mian v. The Special Comm'r of Investigation for the N.Y.C. Sch. Dist.Lotte Hotel N.Y. Palace v. DiGuiseppeJd2 Realty Mgmt. v. Evojets LLCLagrippo v. 95th & Third LLC44-45 Broadway Leasing Co. v. 45th St. Hosp. PartnersMontero v. Int'l HouseSussman v. Bryah, LLCRingel v. RingelPeople v. GutierrezBoltin v. Bd. of Managers of the 447-453 W. 18th St. Condo.Rosenthal v. RubinUlffe v. The City of New YorkAnsbro v. NigroSantos-Brea v. 901 Honeywell, LLCCorrigan v. Suffolk Cnty. Bd. of ElectionsBuff v. PierroBraithwaite v. FrancoisMontes v. 660 Park Ave. Corp.BNH MILF LLC v. Milford St. Props.The Bank of N.Y. Mellon v. Rootz & Tingz Inc.Ayoub v. Kassir230 Fifth Ave. Assocs. v. Tramar Inc.Hudson Meridian Constr. Grp. v. Travelers Cas. Ins. Co. of Am.Atsco Footwear Holdings, LLC v. KBG, LLCM.W. v. United Lubavitcher Yeshivoth, Inc.Vacharasovan v. Macy's Inc.Sterling Recoveries, Inc. v. ErazoPeople v. CamachoPeople v. ValentinPeople v. Adel N.Latorre v. RahmanInterstate Fire & Cas. Co. v. Aspen Ins. UKRivera v. Bd. of Trs. of N.Y. Fire Dept.ARK263 Doe v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Murphy v. PHG Funding LLCBeadell v. Eros Mgmt. RealtyBudhna v. MohammedTriborough Bridge & Tunnel Auth. Superior Officers Benevolent Ass'n v. Triborough Bridge & Tunnel Auth.Liberty Mut. Ins. Co. v. CedenoPollack v. St. Francis Hosp.People v. AdamsDPB Family LLC v. Eutychia Grp.People v. WilliamsAshkenazy v. GindiNomura Asset Acceptance Corp. Alt. Loan Tr., Series 2006-S3 v. Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc.Gomes v. Vermyck LLCMLRN LLC v. U.S. BankThe Forest Rd. Co. v. Garbo Holdings LLCR.G. v. S.W.People v. SalcedoColumbus Imaging Ctr. v. Nationwide Ins.Worldview Entm't Holdings v. WoodrowPeople v. AdamsChen v. New York City RegionalU.S. Bank v. Del RosarioNer Mordechai Inc. v. Ohel Harav Yenoshua Boruch Found.Agosto v. The City of New YorkMcDonald v. KocharSooklal v. 107 Steuben St., LLCFang Dong Huang v. EsquivelOberlander v. FulopU.S. Bank v. AbdelazizAnderson v. Akam Assocs.Vigilant Ins. Co. v. MF Glob.People v. CreechPeople v. ChanwookPeople v. TuggleDongwu v. N.Y.C. Reg'lSchrager v. Henry J. Carter Specialty Hosp. & Nursing FacilityXiao Bing Wang v. Da Yu Mahattan LLCDelgado v. 56th & Park (N.Y.) Owner, LLC78/79 York Assoc. v. RadetskyGuadalupe Realty LLC v. OlivoPeople v. Palomino7 W. 92nd St. Hous. Dev. Corp. v. AmaroStahl York Ave. Co. v. HankinSeaport Global Holdings LLC v. DusanskyMakris v. Quartz Assocs.Rowe Plastic Surgery of Long Island, P.C. v. Oxford Health Ins. Co.Burke Physical Therapy, P.C. v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co.R.G. v. S.W.P.J.P. v. W.L.P.Muniz v. The City of New YorkIn re NwokoloCertain Underwriters at Lloyd's, London v. AT&T, Corp.People v. BrownCitycare Chiropractic, P.C. v. Repwest Ins. Co.Berg v. City of New YorkBerg v. City of New YorkMerhi v. RosarioEdouard v. 32083 Owners Corp.Caunter v. CohenMD CBD 180 Franklin LLC v. Adam Am., LLCsBR Worth, LLC v. Connectone BankE. Edge BK v. Nedd247 W. 38 LLC v. Charming Fashion of Kim, Inc.Caudle v. City of New YorkLloyd v. MalloyR.W. v. D.S.Wilmington Tr. v. 3800 Broadway Assocs.Boltin v. Bd. of Mgrs. of the 447-453 W. 18th St. Condo.Liberty Mut. Ins. Co. v. HarryCarson v. N.Y.C. Transit Auth.Theophil v. A.O. Smith Water Prods. Co.Linton v. City of New YorkABN Amro Capital LLC v. Amerra Capital Mgmt.Rowe Plastic Surgery of Long Island, P.C. v. Oxford Health Ins. Co.Grimes v. LatimerWilliamson v. AlexanderPeople v. TurnerPeople v. ShirleyE.K. v. C.K.Mundle v. Tracey Towers Hous. Co.ARK248 Doe v. Jesuit Fathers & Bros.DMF NYC LLC v. All In One Mgmt.Synod of Bishops of Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russ. v. Preschool of Am. (U.S.) Inc.Cunningham v. N.Y. City Dep't of BuildingsBrostoff v. Safelith Grp.Milton v. EagleLloyd v. 797 Broadway Grp.Paleja v. KP NY Operations LLCLugo v. FJC Sec. Servs.Ashkenazy v. GindiKombarakaran v. Tax Comm'n of City of N.Y.Responsify LLC v. AlgoMedica, Inc.Santana v. Arts In Common LLCPeople v. BrownEchevarria v. City of New YorkWoodson v. Convent 1 LLCGibson v. The City of New YorkKhozissova v. Rah Lauren Corp.Long Island Pipe Supply Inc. v. RCI Plumbing Corp.Kombarakaran v. Tax Comm'n of N.Y.Nomura Home Equity Loan, Inc. v. Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc.One Step Up, Ltd. v. M.A.X. Sports Enter.G.S. v. K.K.Kuliarchar Sea Foods (Cox's Bazar) Ltd. v. Soleil Chartered Bank54-56 Mgt. Corp. v. MTA Fine Arts Co.Rahmonov v. Purves Dev.In re Truist BankBrocho V.H. v. Avant Gardner LLCAKI Renovations Grp. v. 38 PPSW.250-252 Elizabeth St. P'ship v. 250 Soho Cleaners Inc.Doe v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Country-Wide Ins. Co. v. ClarkeFrancis v. Bard & Levinsohn LLCARK269 Doe v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Santos v. Big Apple Food Mkt. Corp.People v. The Nat'l Rifle Ass'n of Am.Success Acad. Charter Schs. v. Liberty Square Realty Corp.Int'l Bus. Machs. Corp. v. GlobalFoundries U.S. INC.RCM Techs. v. Maric Mech.Country-Wide Ins. Co. v. Peony Acupuncture P.C.People v. HerreraBlack v. Phx. CaymanSpiegel v. HawcoSeymour v. HovnanianLondon & Stamford, LLC v. A D Renovation Sol.ARK252 Doe v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Signature Fin. v. Endeavor Constr. Grp. Corp.Dardaris v. TangBullis v. SambevskiWilmington Tr. v. 325 Third Ave., LLCNomura Asset Acceptance Corp. Alt. Loan Tr. v. Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc.People v. WalkerPoeple v. SoussCampbell Design & Constr. v. 49 Prince LLCN.Y. Cmty. Bank v. MoskovitsKousa Int'l v. Kejriwal Newsprint Mills LLCDuino v. CEM W. Vill., Inc.Campbell Design & Constr. v. 49 Prince LLCThe Loiacono v. Bd. of Educ. of City of New YorkScott v. MartinHess 938 St. Nicholas Judgment v. 936-938 Cliffcrest Hous. Dev. Fund Corp.Caban v. VolovnikMarasco v. E Xxonmobil Oil Corp.Tong v. BenitoGough v. Remedy Partners, LLCVDARE Found. v. The N.Y. Times Co.Spot & Co. of Manhattan v. RudinGlob. Care Pharm. v. CheungChi. Title Ins. Co. v. Crossroads Abstract Corp.People v. AhmedHeriveaux v. Port Auth. of N.Y. & N.J.Salmon v. PatelThe Arbitration of Certain Controversies Between Am. Transit Ins. Co. v. N. Shore Family Chiropractic, P.C.Kuliarchar Sea Foods (Cox's Bazar) Ltd. v. Soleil Chartered Bank37 W. 46th St. Realty Corp. v. KS Homes N.Y. Inc.Rosenthal v. MezaSator Realty Inc. v. Coventry Real Estate Advisors, LLCFavus Institutional Research LLC v. Jefferies Fin. Grp.Thomasino v. ThomasinoLepatner Project Sols. v. 320 W. 115 Realty, LLCBank of Baroda v. Dani II Inc.Cooper v. Bldg 7th St.Kodiak Funding, LLC v. Golden Hosp.W. 69th LLC v. SDS Dining Corp.Seaport Glob. Holdings v. DusanskyDipierno v. N.J. Transit Corp.In re Truist BankVelez v. SheaG.S. v. K.K.1107 Decatur St. v. HorahBruderman Bros. v. GoldbergComito v. Z & N Enters. Corp.Chester v. Cleo Realty Assocs.YH Lex Estates LLC v. H F Z Capital Grp.333 E. 91st St. Owners Corp. v. 1765 First Ave. Assocs.ARK61 v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Gedula 26, LLC v. Lightstone Acquisitions III LLCGCDM Holdings, LP v. Dyal Capital Partners Mirror Aggregator (A) LPBK38th Lender LLC v. Bush Wick. 1010El Toro Grp. v. Bareburger Grp.K.S. v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Rubin v. Andrew Impagliazzo, 622W47, LLCGeron v. HaberPhillipin v. City of New YorkBourne v. 930-940, LLCPeople v. A.People v. BarfieldGarcia v. N.Y.C. Health & Hosps. Corp.Deutsche Bank Sec. Inc. v. 683 Capital Partners LPPermasteelisa N. Am. Corp. v. JDS Constr. Grp.Carnegie Hall Tower II L.L.C. v. Yes Food LLCYoung Chung v. XieSanduby v. City Univ. of N.Y.Mills v. N.Y. State Bd. of ElectionsTiffany Gardens LP v. Idi188 St. Nick Assoc. v. RobinsonM.W. v. R.W.People v. SotoPeople v. AmonorGvozdetski v. AslamGelwan v. BartlettLifshitz v. WilhelmLemberg Found. v. Shuttleworth Artists Ltd.Nomura Asset Acceptance Corp. Alt. Loan Tr. v. Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc.Casiano v. The City of New YorkWu Chen v. 697 Dekalb LLCBerg v. City of New YorkBronstein v. Charm City Hous.Jasper Venture Grp. v. Rusletter.com565 Realty Assocs. v. FernandezEntenza v. ProudfitWilliams v. City of New YorkCongregation Erech Shai Bais Yosef Inc. v. WerzbergerA/SL DF V, LLC v. HollandBorrello v. HochulCarson v. N.Y.C. Transit Auth.Grimes v. LatimerChen v. Romona Keveza Collection LLCPeople v. MayersCampaign for Buffalo History Architecture & Culture, Inc. v. City of BuffaloM.W. v. R.W.Emigrant Funding Corp. v. 2424 Davidson Ave., LLCBrown v. 125 Second Ave. Realty Corp.Axos Bank v. Michael Gangi Plumbing & Heating Contractors, Inc.PMC Fin. Servs. Grp. v. Nations Equip. Fin.Nomura Asset Acceptance Corp. v. Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc.Dufanal v. L.A. Prods. & Servs. Corp.Brach v. Classic Turf Co.Rowe v. Oxford Health Ins. Co.Gladys Yan v. Kalikow Mgmt.Kalmanowitz v. Kalmanowitz & Lee, C.P.A.'S.Inv'rs Bank v. SISS 1468 Corp.Biberman v. The City of New YorkCeballos v. Howard Spring, Inc.Inv'rs Bank v. Rodney Realty, LLCJDS Dev. v. Parkside Constr. Builders Corp.Okonweze v. H & M Distribs.14 Maiden, LLC v. StempelBates v. TocciPeople v. BradfordPeople v. Camacho125 E. 50th St., Co. v. Credo Intl.Ruru & Assoc. v. Weinberg Holdings LLCBrawer v. LeporZhang v. The City of New YorkShabazz v. N.Y.C. Dep't of Educ.Deutsche Bank Sec. v. 683 Capital Partners LPGrid Logistics LLC v. White Contracting & Renovation Inc.Wesco Ins. Co. v. JRS Realty Enters.Liberty Mut. Ins. Co. v. CruzVlahakis v. VlahakisMax v. ALP, Inc.Surace v. MisseriFid. Nat'l Title Ins. Co. v. Dasilva58 Dobbin. Funding L.P. v. 58 Dobbin LLC270 Madison Ave. Assocs. v. Citizens Icon Holdings LLCPartow v. Van Owners Purchasing Bureau, Inc.E.K. v. C.K.People v. GuthrieState Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. Flatbush Acupuncture, P.C.Freedom Tr. 2011-2 v. DB Structured Prods.King Steel Iron Work Corp. v. SDS Leonard, LLCIachetta v. Discipio510 E. 6th St. v. PerezFargo v. CoxDowell v. City of New YorkHSBC Bank U.S. v. Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc.Perez v. Broadway 98 Condo.E. Sixth St. Funding, LLC v. Cherny Props.Clear Water Psychological Servs. v. Mid-Century Ins. Co.Bush v. Alliant Content, LLCJean v. StennettPeople v. WenkAtsco Footwear Holdings, LLC v. KBG, LLCDejorge v. Metro. FoodsAnderson v. Quest Builders Grp.Avamer 57 Fee LLC v. Gorgeous Bride, Inc.Olivierre v. Parkchester Pres. Co.Campaign For Buffalo History Architecture & Culture Inc. v. City of BuffaloPeople v. SuarezMLRN LLC v. U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'nARK271 Doe v. Archdiocese of N.Y.Residential Mortg. Loan Tr. 2013-TT2 v. FioritaEmigrant Funding Corp. v. 2424 Davidson Ave.Marlow v. GreeneSterling Recoveries, Inc. v. ErazoPac. Indem. Ins. Co. v. Privatus Care Sols.Wilmington Sav. Fund Soc'y v. 140 W. 121, LLCVasquez v. 1719 27 ST LLCThe Baldwin, LLC v. O'NeillMiranda v. Century Waste Servs.Roseborough v. The City of New YorkMcLoughlin v. N.Y. Eye SpecialistsMulcahey v. Michael Cabezon, M.D.Nocera v. RCPI Landmark Props.Shalov v. Brisbane Assocs.The Bd. of Managers of the Landings at Fresh Creek Condo. v. LattaSousa v. JordanBukowski v. BienstockAnonymous Sch. v. Anonymous StudentTech. Ins. Co. v. Congregation Ateres Shmiel D'SaylishPeople v. MartinezPeople v. SporerPeople v. ChesterPeople v. PascalB.C. v. M.C.Tekiner v. Bremen House Inc.201 E. 61 v. In Soo ParkHelm v. MarchisottoNuance Indus. v. Union Apparel Grp.Campbell Design & Constr. v. 49 Prince LLCNat'l Gen. Ins. Co. v. LEX Interiors Ltd.CastlePoint Ins. Co. v. Bernardini Builders Enters.Tekiner v. Bremen House Inc.Kahan Jewelry Corp. v. Empire J.Anhui Guoci Handbags Co. v. Verge Mktg.Pratts v. The City of New YorkTutor Perini Corp. v. City of New York ActingEagle Eye Collection Corp. v. OderyMetro Elec. Contractors v. Rosemark Contractors, Inc.Lamar v. NigroSchultz v. K-Square Developers, Inc.Evunp Holdings LLC v. FrydmanMavra v. City of New YorkMarjam Supply Co. v. Deluxe Bldg. Constr.Mora v. Lawrence Exterior Restoration Corp.Prod. Res. Grp. v. CreanGardner v. The City of New York270 Madison Ave. Assocs. v. Citizens Parking, Inc.Alberts v. City of New YorkYin Shin Leung Charitable Found. v. SengWilson v. The City of New YorkPeople v. Adel N.163 Chrystie Realty LLC v. Drk Chrystie LLCPowell v. The City of New YorkP.J.P. v. W.L.P.N.Y. Cnty. Lawyers Ass'n v. StateSchwartz v. 170 W. End Owners Corp.