Opinion
June 9, 1995
Appeal from the Oswego County Court, Brandt, J.
Present — Denman P.J., Green, Fallon, Doerr and Balio, JJ.
Judgment unanimously reversed on the law and superior court information dismissed. Memorandum: On October 4, 1993, and February 10, 1994, defendant was arraigned on felony complaints in the City Court of Oswego. Defendant did not waive a preliminary hearing nor was a preliminary hearing held in either case. On April 26, 1994, defendant appeared in Oswego County Court and agreed to waive indictment and be prosecuted by two superior court informations. County Court stated its understanding that the charges were still pending in City Court, that no preliminary hearings had yet been held and that defendant had not waived preliminary hearings. Defendant then agreed to waive preliminary hearings, to waive indictment, and to be prosecuted by superior court informations. Superior court informations were filed and defendant entered pleas of guilty to the charges therein.
The record supports the contention of defendant that, at the time he waived indictment, he had not been held by a local court for action by a Grand Jury, as required by CPL 195.10 (1) (a) (see, People v. Johnson, 187 A.D.2d 990; People v. Lobello, 151 A.D.2d 1034; cf., People v. McCarthy, 186 A.D.2d 1067, lv denied 81 N.Y.2d 843; People v. Hart, 171 A.D.2d 755, lv denied 78 N.Y.2d 967).
Defendant could not have been so held unless he waived a preliminary hearing or a hearing was held (see, CPL 180.30; 180.50 [4]; 180.70 [1]), and County Court admitted that neither had occurred. Moreover, if defendant had been held for Grand Jury action, the matter would have been transferred to superior court (see, CPL 180.30; 180.70 [1]). County Court, however, stated upon the record that both sets of charges were still pending in City Court (cf., People v. Washington, 138 A.D.2d 857). The failure to comply with the statutory provisions governing waiver of indictment results in an ineffective waiver and renders the superior court informations upon which defendant was prosecuted jurisdictionally defective (see, People v. Johnson, supra; see also, People v. Zanghi, 79 N.Y.2d 815, 817; People v. Menchetti, 76 N.Y.2d 473, 475, n; People v. Boston, 75 N.Y.2d 575, 589, n 2). In light of our reversal and dismissal of the superior court informations, it is unnecessary to reach defendant's argument that the sentences are harsh and excessive.