Section 14-190.5A - [Effective 12/1/2024] Disclosure of private images; civil action(a) Definitions. - The following definitions apply in this section: (1) Disclose. - Transfer, publish, distribute, or reproduce.(2) Image. - A photograph, film, videotape, recording, live transmission, digital or computer-generated visual depiction, including a realistic visual depiction created, adapted, or modified by technological means, including algorithms or artificial intelligence, such that a reasonable person would believe the image depicts an identifiable individual, or any other reproduction that is created, adapted, or modified by electronic, mechanical, or other means.(3) Intimate parts. - Any of the following naked human parts: (i) male or female genitals, (ii) male or female pubic area, (iii) male or female anus, or (iv) the nipple of a female over the age of 12.(4), (5) Repealed by Session Laws 2017-93, s. 1, effective December 1, 2017, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.(6) Sexual conduct. - Includes any of the following: a. Vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse, whether actual or simulated, normal or perverted.b. Masturbation, excretory functions, or lewd exhibition of uncovered genitals.c. An act or condition that depicts torture, physical restraint by being fettered or bound, or flagellation of or by a nude person or a person clad in undergarments or in revealing or bizarre costume.(b) Offense. - A person is guilty of disclosure of private images if all of the following apply:(1) The person knowingly discloses an image of another person with the intent to do either of the following:a. Coerce, harass, intimidate, demean, humiliate, or cause financial loss to the depicted person.b. Cause others to coerce, harass, intimidate, demean, humiliate, or cause financial loss to the depicted person.(2) The depicted person is identifiable from the disclosed image itself or information offered in connection with the image.(3) The depicted person's intimate parts are or are realistically depicted to be exposed or the depicted person is or is realistically depicted to be engaged in sexual conduct in the disclosed image.(4) The person discloses the image without the affirmative consent of the depicted person.(5) The person obtained, created, adapted, or modified the image without consent of the depicted person or under circumstances such that the person knew or should have known that the depicted person expected the images to remain private.(c) Penalty. - A violation of this section shall be punishable as follows: (1) For an offense by a person who is 18 years of age or older at the time of the offense, the violation is a Class H felony.(2) For a first offense by a person who is under 18 years of age at the time of the offense, the violation is a Class 1 misdemeanor.(3) For a second or subsequent offense by a person who is under the age of 18 at the time of the offense, the violation is a Class H felony.(d) Exceptions. - This section does not apply to any of the following: (1) Images involving voluntary exposure in public or commercial settings.(2) Disclosures made in the public interest, including, but not limited to, the reporting of unlawful conduct or the lawful and common practices of law enforcement, criminal reporting, legal proceedings, medical treatment, or scientific or educational activities.(3) Providers of an interactive computer service, as defined in 47 U.S.C. § 230(f), for images provided by another person.(e) Destruction of Image. - In addition to any penalty or other damages, the court may award the destruction of any image made in violation of this section.(f) Other Sanctions or Remedies Not Precluded. - A violation of this section is an offense additional to other civil and criminal provisions and is not intended to repeal or preclude any other sanctions or remedies.(g) Civil Action. - In addition to any other remedies at law or in equity, including an order by the court to destroy any image disclosed in violation of this section, any person whose image is disclosed, or used, as described in subsection (b) of this section, has a civil cause of action against any person who discloses or uses the image and is entitled to recover from the other person any of the following:(1) Actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages, to be computed at the rate of one thousand dollars ($1,000) per day for each day of the violation or in the amount of ten thousand dollars ($10,000), whichever is higher.(3) A reasonable attorneys' fee and other litigation costs reasonably incurred. The civil cause of action may be brought no more than one year after the initial discovery of the disclosure, but in no event may the action be commenced more than seven years from the most recent disclosure of the private image.
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-190.5A
Amended by 2024 N.C. Sess. Laws 37,s. 4, eff. 12/1/2024, applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.Amended by 2017 N.C. Sess. Laws 93, s. 1, eff. 12/1/2017.Added by 2015 N.C. Sess. Laws 250, s. 1, eff. 12/1/2015.This section is set out more than once due to postponed, multiple, or conflicting amendments.