Wis. Admin. Code Department of Natural Resources NR 213.14

Current through October 28, 2024

Section NR 213.14 - Stack structures for by-product solids

This section shall be applicable to all by-product solids stacks except those stacks identified in s. NR 213.02(2) (e) or those stacks which meet the requirements of s. NR 213.13.

(1) GENERAL SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS.

(a) An engineering report and plans and specifications shall be submitted to the department for approval in accordance with s. 281.41, Stats., prior to initiating construction.

Note: The department recommends that whenever possible, a preliminary engineering report outlining the project and including any available information required under par.

(b) be submitted prior to submittal of final plans.

(b) The engineering report shall outline the entire project and include, at a minimum, the following information: legal description of the site subgrade conditions, soil classification, percent soil passing a No. 200 sieve, soil plasticity index, depth to bedrock and to seasonal high groundwaters, waste sources, and waste volume and materials and specifications of the proposed structure.

(2) GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CRITERIA.

(a) The base, walls and joints of the by-product solids stack structure shall be constructed for maximum containment of any leachate generated such that all leachate is conveyed to and stored in an approved leachate storage facility.

(b) The minimum slope for the base of the structure shall be 2%.

(c) Construction of bituminous concrete structures and concrete structures shall comply with the WDOT standards for road and bridge construction. Other materials for stack structures may be proposed in the plans and specifications submitted to the department. Approval of any material shall be based on the capability of the material to meet the purpose of this chapter.

Note: Copies of WDOT standards may be inspected at the offices of the department, the secretary of state and the revisor of statutes.

(3) SITE PREPARATION.

(a) Prior to construction, the site area shall be cleared of all vegetation, brush, roots and stumps. Materials encountered above the required elevations shall be excavated and all depressions in the subgrade shall be filled. The subgrade shall be smoothed, shaped and compacted to the required grade, section and uniform density. The subgrade shall be scarified to the depth necessary for shaping and compaction. Stones over 6 inches in diameter shall be removed during site preparation.

(4) BITUMINOUS CONCRETE STRUCTURE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CRITERIA.

(a) The pavement structure shall consist of a minimum of 10 inches of well drained subgrade or subbase. A suitable subgrade is one with 35% or less passing a No. 200 sieve, and a plasticity index of 10 or less. The base course shall contain a minimum 8 inches of crushed aggregate and the surface course shall be 3 inches of bituminous concrete pavement in 2 layers.

(b) The aggregates of the base course shall conform to the gradation requirements for gradation No. 2 in accordance with sec. 304.2.6 WDOT standards for road and bridge construction.

(c) The aggregates of the bituminous concrete pavement may not be of dolomitic or limestone origin.

(d) The bituminous concrete pavement shall be laid in 2 lifts of a minimum 13/4 inch binder course and 11/4 inch surface course.

(e) The bituminous mix design laboratory sheet shall be submitted with the plans and specifications.

(f) Aggregates in the binder course shall conform to the gradation requirements for gradation No.2. Aggregates in the surface course shall conform to the gradation requirements for gradation No. 3. in accordance with sec. 304.2.6., WDOT standards for road and bridge construction.

(g) The asphalt shall meet the 120-150 penetration grade in accordance with AASHTO T49.

Note: Copies of AASHTO T49 may be inspected at the offices of the department, the secretary of state and the revisor of statutes.

(h) The design mix of asphalt cement and aggregates shall yield a Marshall stability of no less than 1000 with an air void of the compacted mixture no more than 2%.

(i) The binder course shall be compacted to at least 93% 50 blow Marshall. The surface course shall be compacted to at least 95% 50 blow Marshall.

(j) The surface course shall be applied such that a minimum 2 foot overlap is to be provided over the binder course joints.

(k) Curbing or side walls shall be provided at the perimeter of the base and be sealed to prevent exfiltration at the seams and undercutting by rainfall. Dumping pads shall be paved and contiguous with the structure.

(L) A qualified inspector shall be on site during construction to document compaction measurements. Compaction shall be measured with a nuclear density meter, or other approved method.

Note: The department believes that properly mixed and applied bituminous concrete is a suitable construction material for by-product stacking structures. However, since longer-term studies have not yet been performed, the long-term performance of this material with this particular use cannot be predicted at this time.

Note: Copies of WDOT standard 304.2.6 may be inspected at the offices of the department, the secretary of state and the revisor of statutes.

(5) CONCRETE STRUCTURE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CRITERIA.

(a) The pavement structure shall consist of a minimum of 10 inches of well drained soil subgrade or subbase. A suitable subgrade is one with 35% or less passing a No. 200 sieve and a plasticity index of 10 or less. The base course shall contain a minimum 4 inches of crushed aggregate and the surface course shall be 6 inches of concrete.

(b) Curbing or side walls shall surround the base and be sealed to prevent exfiltration at the seams and undercutting by rainfall. Dumping areas shall be paved and contiguous with the structure.

(c) The surface course curbing and walls shall be protected from chemical and biological decomposition with an appropriate sealant which is resistant to degradation from sunlight.

(d) The aggregates of the base course shall conform to the gradation requirements for gradation no. 2 in accordance with sec. 304.2.6, WDOT standards for road and bridge construction.

(e) Coarse aggregates of the concrete mixture shall be well graded between the limits specified in size no. 1 gradation in accordance with sec. 501.3.6.4.5 WDOT standards for road and bridge construction.

(f) The concrete shall meet the mix grade A air-entrained concrete classification and a water to cement ratio of no greater than 0.45 with 6% air plus or minus 1%.

(g) Metal reinforcing rods or mesh shall be provided in the pavement structure.

(h) Contraction joints shall be placed no greater than 20 feet apart in all directions.

(i) Contraction and construction joints shall be sealed with appropriate caulk or sealant to prevent leakage. The proposed sealant shall be specified in the plans and specifications.

Note: Copies of WDOT standards 304.2.6 and 501.3.6.4.5 may be inspected at the offices of the department, the secretary of state and the revisor of statutes.

(6) ANNUAL INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE. All visible cracks shall be cleaned and sealed. A report summarizing the inspection and maintenance performed to the by-product solids stack structure shall be prepared and submitted to the department in accordance with the WPDES permit. An operation and maintenance plan shall also be included in the plans and specifications.

(7) LEACHATE COLLECTION SYSTEMS.

(a) Design and construction criteria for a leachate collection system, consisting of conveyance and storage, shall be included with the plans and specifications. The system shall be totally contained and constructed in accordance with subch. II or s. NR 213.15.

(b) The leachate storage structure shall be sized to provide adequate capacity to store the leachate generated between disposal events and normal rainfall as well as the larger volume generated by a 10-year, 24 hour rainfall event. The length of time between disposal events shall be specified in the management plan required in ch. NR 214, and shall take into account such factors as availability of labor, leachate disposal equipment, and availability of leachate disposal sites.

(8) SURFACE WATER RUNOFF DIVERSION STRUCTURES. A surface water runoff diversion system shall be provided in the storage structure design.

Wis. Admin. Code Department of Natural Resources NR 213.14

Cr. Register, June, 1990, No. 414, eff. 7-1-90.