Wash. Admin. Code § 296-24-33015

Current through Register Vol. 24-23, December 1, 2024

Section 296-24-33015 - Service stations

(1)Storage and handling.

(a)General provisions.

(i) You must store liquids in approved closed containers not exceeding 60 gallons capacity, in tanks located underground, in tanks in special enclosures as described in (b) of this subsection, or in aboveground tanks as provided for in subsection (3)(b)(i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) of this section.

(ii) Aboveground tanks, located in an adjoining bulk plant, may be connected by piping to service station underground tanks if, in addition to valves at aboveground tanks, a valve is also installed within control of service station personnel.

(iii) Apparatus dispensing Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles of the public must not be located at a bulk plant unless separated by a fence or similar barrier from the area in which bulk operations are conducted.

(iv) The provisions of subsection (1) of this section must not prohibit the dispensing of flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C) in the open from a tank vehicle to a motor vehicle. You must permit such dispensing provided:

(A) The tank vehicle complies with the requirements covered in the Standard on Tank Vehicles for Flammable Liquids, NFPA 385-1966.

(B) The dispensing is done on premises not open to the public.

(C) The dispensing hose does not exceed 50 feet in length.

(D) The dispensing nozzle is a listed automatic-closing type without a latch-open device.

(v) You must not store or handle Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), within a building having a basement or pit into which flammable vapors may travel, unless such area is provided with ventilation designed to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors therein.

(vi) You must maintain and reconcile accurate inventory records on all Class I liquid storage tanks for possible indication of leakage from tanks or piping.

(b)Special enclosures.

(i) When installation of tanks in accordance with WAC 296-24-33005(3) is impractical because of property or building limitations, tanks for flammable liquids may be installed in buildings if properly enclosed.

(ii) The enclosure must be substantially liquid and vaportight without backfill. Sides, top, and bottom of the enclosure must be of reinforced concrete at least six inches thick, with openings for inspection through the top only. Tank connections must be so piped or closed that neither vapors nor liquid can escape into the enclosed space. You must provide means whereby portable equipment may be employed to discharge to the outside any liquid or vapors which might accumulate should leakage occur.

(iii) At automotive service stations provided in connection with tenant or customer parking facilities at or below grade level in large buildings of commercial, mercantile, or residential occupancy, tanks containing Class I liquids, installed of necessity in accordance with (b)(ii) of this subsection, must not exceed 6,000 gallons individual or 18,000 gallons aggregate capacity.

(c)Inside buildings.

(i) Except where stored in tanks as provided in (b) of this subsection, you must not store any Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), within any service station building except in closed containers of aggregate capacity not exceeding 60 gallons. One container not exceeding 60 gallons capacity equipped with an approved pump is permitted.

(ii) Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), may be transferred from one container to another in lubrication or service rooms of a service station building provided the electrical installation complies with Table H-19 and provided that any heating equipment complies with subsection (5) of this section.

(iii) Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and Category 4 flammable liquids may be stored and dispensed inside service station buildings from tanks of not more than 120 gallons capacity each.

(d)Labeling. You must not make any sale or purchase of any Class I, II, or III liquids in containers unless such containers are clearly marked with the name of the product contained therein.

(e)Dispensing into portable containers. You must not make any delivery of any Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), into portable containers unless the container is constructed of metal, has a tight closure with screwed or spring cover, and is fitted with a spout or so designed that the contents can be poured without spilling.

(2)Dispensing systems.

(a)Location. Dispensing devices at automotive service stations must be so located that all parts of the vehicle being served will be on the premises of the service station.

(b)Inside location. Approved dispensing units may be located inside of buildings. You must separate the dispensing area from other areas in an approved manner. You must mount the dispensing unit and its piping either on a concrete island or protected against collision damage by suitable means and located in a position where it cannot be struck by a vehicle descending a ramp or other slope out of control. You must provide the dispensing area with an approved mechanical or gravity ventilation system. When dispensing units are located below grade, you must use only approved mechanical ventilation and you must protect the entire dispensing area by an approved automatic sprinkler system. Ventilating systems must be electrically interlocked with gasoline dispensing units so that the dispensing units cannot be operated unless the ventilating fan motors are energized.

(c)Emergency power cutoff. You must provide a clearly identified and easily accessible switch(es) or a circuit breaker(s) at a location remote from dispensing devices, including remote pumping systems, to shut off the power to all dispensing devices in the event of an emergency.

(d)Dispensing units.

(i) You must transfer Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), from tanks by means of fixed pumps so designed and equipped as to allow control of the flow and to prevent leakage or accidental discharge.

(ii) Only listed devices may be used for dispensing Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C). No such device may be used if it shows evidence of having been dismantled.

(iii) Every dispensing device for Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), installed after December 31, 1978, must contain evidence of listing so placed that any attempt to dismantle the device will result in damage to such evidence, visible without disassembly or dismounting of the nozzle.

(iv) You must not dispense Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), by pressure from drums, barrels, and similar containers. You must use approved pumps taking suction through the top of the container or approved self-closing faucets.

(v) You must mount the dispensing units, except those attached to containers, either on a concrete island or protect them against collision damage by suitable means.

(e)Remote pumping systems.

(i) This subdivision must apply to systems for dispensing Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), where such liquids are transferred from storage to individual or multiple dispensing units by pumps located elsewhere than at the dispensing units.

(ii) Pumps must be designed or equipped so that no part of the system will be subjected to pressures above its allowable working pressure. Pumps installed above grade, outside of buildings, must be located not less than ten feet from lines of adjoining property which is/or may be built upon, and not less than five feet from any building opening. When an outside pump location is impractical, pumps may be installed inside of buildings, as provided for dispensers in (b) of this subsection, or in pits as provided in (e)(iii) of this subsection. You must substantially anchor pumps and protect them against physical damage by vehicles.

(iii) Pits for subsurface pumps or piping manifolds of submersible pumps must withstand the external forces to which they may be subjected without damage to the pump, tank, or piping. The pit must be no larger than necessary for inspection and maintenance and must be provided with a fitted cover.

(iv) You must provide a control that will permit the pump to operate only when a dispensing nozzle is removed from its bracket on the dispensing unit and the switch on this dispensing unit is manually actuated. This control must also stop the pump when all nozzles have been returned to their brackets.

(v) You must properly install an approved impact valve, incorporating a fusible link, designed to close automatically in the event of severe impact or fire exposure in the dispensing supply line at the base of each individual dispensing device.

(vi)Testing. After the completion of the installation, including any paving, you must test that section of the pressure piping system between the pump discharge and the connection for the dispensing facility for at least 30 minutes at the maximum operating pressure of the system. You must repeat such tests at 5-year intervals thereafter.

(f)Delivery nozzles.

(i) You must provide a listed manual or automatic-closing type hose nozzle valve on dispensers used for the dispensing of Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C).

(ii) You must hold manual-closing type valves open manually during dispensing. Automatic-closing type valves may be used in conjunction with an approved latch-open device.

(g)Special type dispensers.

(i) You must install emergency controls at an acceptable location, but controls must not be more than one hundred feet from dispensers.

(ii) You must conspicuously post instructions for the operation of dispensers.

(3)Marine service stations.

(a)Dispensing.

(i) The dispensing area must be located away from other structures so as to provide room for safe ingress and egress of craft to be fueled. Dispensing units must in all cases be at least 20 feet from any activity involving fixed sources of ignition.

(ii) Dispensing must be by approved dispensing units with or without integral pumps and may be located on open piers, wharves, or floating docks or on shore or on piers of the solid fill type.

(iii) Dispensing nozzles must be automatic-closing without a hold-open latch.

(b)Tanks and pumps.

(i) Tanks, and pumps not integral with the dispensing unit, must be on shore or on a pier of the solid fill type, except as provided below.

(ii) Where shore location would require excessively long supply lines to dispensers, tanks may be installed on a pier provided that applicable portions of WAC 296-24-33005 relative to spacing, diking, and piping are complied with and the quantity so stored does not exceed 1,100 gallons aggregate capacity.

(iii) Shore tanks supplying marine service stations may be located above ground, where rock ledges or high water table make underground tanks impractical.

(iv) Where tanks are at an elevation which would produce gravity head on the dispensing unit, the tank outlet must be equipped with a pressure control valve positioned adjacent to and outside the tank block valve specified in WAC 296-24-33005(2)(h)(ii), so adjusted that liquid can not flow by gravity from the tank in case of piping or hose failure.

(c)Piping.

(i) Piping between shore tanks and dispensing units must be as described in WAC 296-24-33007, except that, where dispensing is from a floating structure, suitable lengths of oil-resistant flexible hose may be employed between the shore piping and the piping on the floating structure as made necessary by change in water level or shoreline.

(ii) You must provide a readily accessible valve to shut off the supply from shore in each pipeline at or near the approach to the pier and at the shore end of each pipeline adjacent to the point where flexible hose is attached.

(iii) Piping must be located so as to be protected from physical damage.

(iv) You must ground piping handling Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C) shall be grounded to control stray currents.

(4)Electrical equipment.

(a)Application. This subsection applies to areas where Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), are stored or handled. For areas where Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint at or above 100°F (37.8°C) or Category 4 flammable liquids are stored or handled the electrical equipment may be installed according to the provisions of chapter 296-24 WAC Part L for ordinary locations.

(b) All electrical equipment and wiring must be of a type specified by and must be installed according to chapter 296-24 WAC Part L.

(c) So far as it applies, Table H-19 must be used to delineate and classify hazardous areas for the purpose of installation of electrical equipment under normal circumstances. A classified area must not extend beyond an unpierced wall, roof, or other solid partition.

(d) The area classifications listed must be based on the assumption that the installation meets the applicable requirements of this section in all respects.

TABLE H-19

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HAZARDOUS AREAS-SERVICE STATIONS

Location	Class I, Group D division	Extent of classified area
Underground tank: Fill opening_________	1	Any pit, box or space below grade level, any part of which is within the Division 1 or 2 classified area.
2	Up to 18 inches above grade level within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from a loose fill connection and within a horizontal radius of 5 feet from a tight fill connection.
Vent -Discharging upward_________
1	Within 3 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions.
2	Area between 3 feet and 5 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions.
Dispenser: Pits_________	1	Any pit, box or space below grade level, any part of which is within the Division 1 or 2 classified area.
Dispenser enclosure_________	1	The area 4 feet vertically above base within the enclosure and 18 inches horizontally in all directions.
Outdoor _________	2	Up to 18 inches above grade level within 20 feet horizontally of any edge of enclosure.
Indoor:
With mechanical
ventilation_________
2	Up to 18 inches above grade or floor level within 20 feet horizontally of any edge of enclosure.
With gravity ventilation_________	2	Up to 18 inches above grade or floor level within 25 feet horizontally of any edge of enclosure.
Remote pump-Outdoor_________	1	Any pit, box or space below grade level if any part is within a horizontal distance of 10 feet from any edge of pump.
2	Within 3 feet of any edge of pump, extending in all directions. Also up to 18 inches above grade level within 10 feet horizontally from any edge of pump.
Remote pump-Indoor_________	1	Entire area within any pit.
2	Within 5 feet of any edge of pump, extending in all directions. Also up to 3 feet above floor or grade level within 25 feet horizontally from any edge of pump.
Lubrication or service room_________
1	Entire area within any pit.
2	Area up to 18 inches above floor or grade level within entire lubrication room.
Dispenser for Class I liquids_________
2	Within 3 feet of any fill or dispensing point, extending in all directions.
Special enclosure inside building per
WAC 296-24-33013(1)(b) _________
1	Entire enclosure.
Sales, storage and rest rooms_________
(1)	If there is any opening to these rooms within the extent of a Division 1 area, the entire room must be classified as Division 1.

Footnote (1) Ordinary.

(5)Heating equipment.

(a)Conformance. You must install heating equipment as provided in (b) through (e) of this subsection.

(b)Application. Heating equipment may be installed in the conventional manner in an area except as provided in (c), (d) or (e) of this subsection.

(c)Special room. Heating equipment may be installed in a special room separated from an area classified by Table H-19 by walls having a fire resistance rating of at least one hour and without any openings in the walls within eight feet of the floor into an area classified in Table H-19. You must not use this room for combustible storage and all air for combustion purposes must come from outside the building.

(d)Work areas. Heating equipment using gas or oil fuel may be installed in the lubrication, sales, or service room where there is no dispensing or transferring of Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), provided the bottom of the combustion chamber is at least eighteen inches above the floor and the heating equipment is protected from physical damage by vehicles. Heating equipment using gas or oil fuel listed for use in garages may be installed in the lubrication or service room where Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), are dispensed provided the equipment is installed at least eight feet above the floor.

(e)Electric heat. Electrical heating equipment must conform to subsection (4) of this section.

(6)Drainage and waste disposal. You must make provisions in the area where Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or Category 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C), are dispensed to prevent spilled liquids from flowing into the interior of service station buildings. Such provision may be by grading driveways, raising door sills, or other equally effective means. You must not dump crankcase drainings and flammable liquids into sewers but you must store them in tanks or drums outside of any building until removed from the premises.

(7)Sources of ignition. In addition to the previous restrictions of this section, the following must apply: You must ensure that there is no smoking or open flames in the areas used for fueling, servicing fuel systems for internal combustion engines, receiving or dispensing of flammable liquids. You must post conspicuous and legible signs prohibiting smoking within sight of the customer being served. You must shut off motors of all equipment being fueled during the fueling operation.

(8)Fire control. You must provide each service station with at least one fire extinguisher having a minimum approved classification of 6 B, C located so that an extinguisher will be within 75 feet of each pump, dispenser, underground fill pipe opening, and lubrication or service room.

Wash. Admin. Code § 296-24-33015

Amended by WSR 14-07-086, filed 3/18/14, effective 5/1/2014

Amended by WSR 15-24-100, Filed 12/1/2015, effective 1/5/2016

For additional requirements relating to portable fire extinguishers see WAC 296-800-300.