Section 250-RICR-120-05-21.7 - Emission Limitations21.7.1Rotogravure and Flexographic PrintingA. The owner or operator of a rotogravure, flexographic, or specialty printing facility subject to this regulation and employing solvent-containing ink may not operate, cause, allow or permit the operation of the facility unless one of the following is complied with at all times: 1. The volatile fraction of ink, as it is applied to the substrate, contains not more than twenty-five percent (25%) by volume of organic solvent and not less than seventy-five percent (75%) by volume of water, or2. The ink as it is applied to the substrate, less water, contains not less than sixty percent (60%) by volume of nonvolatile material (solids), or3. The installation of one or more approved volatile organic compound control device(s), as limited by §§21.7.1(B) and 21.7.1(G) of this Part, is certified to achieve at least a ninety percent (90%) reduction efficiency as measured across each control device, or4. An alternative measure is employed which has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Director to have a volatile organic compound emission reduction at least equivalent to an amount potentially achieved by §§21.7.1(A)(1) or (2) of this Part. All alternative measures must be submitted for EPA approval as a source-specific SIP revision.B. A capture system must be used in conjunction with the emission control devices installed per §21.7.1(A)(3) of this Part. The design and operation of a capture system must be consistent with good engineering practice, and, in conjunction with the control device, must provide for an overall reduction in volatile organic compound emissions at each printing press of at least: 1. Seventy-five percent (75%) where publication rotogravure printing process is employed, or2. Sixty-five percent (65%) where packaging rotogravure printing process or specialty printing process is employed, or3. Sixty percent (60%) where flexographic printing process is employed.C. Facilities using add-on controls to comply with §21.7.1(A) of this Part must show that the equipment meets specific capture and control performance standards which will be set in an enforceable document.D. Control device efficiency will be determined using EPA-approved test methods. Calculations will be done on a solids-applied basis. Continuous compliance will be maintained at all times. Compliance averaging times will be met according to the control device chosen and EPA test methods, incorporated in § 21.4 of this Part, as follows: Compliance Method | EPA Reference Test Method | Test Averaging Time |
Reformulation | 40 C.F.R. § 60 Appendix A-7 Method 24 | Instantaneous |
Solvent destruction or solvent recovery except carbon adsorption | 40 C.F.R.§ 60 Appendix A-7 Method 25 | 3 hours |
Carbon adsorption | 40 C.F.R. § 60 Appendix A-7 Method 25 or other test method as appropriate | 7 day rolling average |
E. Other methods may be approved by the Director and EPA. Once the control efficiency has been determined for any add-on control device by 40 C.F.R. § 60 Appendix A-7 Method 25, incorporated in § 21.4 of this Part, or any alternative method approved by the Director and EPA, compliance shall be determined on an instantaneous basis (e.g. determined control efficiency shall be used to calculate whether samples from the process meet the applicable emissions limit.)F. The owner or operator of a facility using carbon adsorption as a control measure shall obtain data on daily solvent usage and solvent recovery and determine the solvent recovery efficiency of the system every day. The recovery efficiency for each day shall be computed as the ratio of the total recovered solvent for that day and the prior six (6) consecutive operating days to the total solvent usage for the same 7-day period. This ratio shall be expressed as a percentage. Facilities may apply to the Director for an alternative averaging time if meeting the emission limitation as a 7-day rolling average is not technically or economically feasible. In no event shall the averaging period exceed a 30-day rolling period. All alternative averaging periods must be consistent with EPA guidance.G. Control and capture equipment installed per §§21.7.1(A)(3) and 21.7.1(B) of this Part, will be incorporated in a permit issued in accordance with Part 9 of this Subchapter (Air Pollution Control Permits) or by approval. Compliance with the permit or approval will be determined, when necessary, with DEM and EPA approved test methods. The permit or approval will include record keeping and test methods required to demonstrate compliance.21.7.2Offset Lithographic and Letterpress PrintingA. Requirements for fountain solutions: 1. The owner or operator of a heatset web offset lithographic printing facility subject to this regulation, with a fountain solution reservoir of at least one gallon in capacity shall: a. Limit the as-applied VOC content of the fountain solution to 1.6% by weight or less;b. If the fountain solution is refrigerated to below sixty degrees Fahrenheit (60°F), limit the as-applied VOC content of the fountain solution to three percent (3%) by weight or less; or c. Use fountain solution that contains no alcohol and limit the alcohol substitute content of the fountain solution to five percent (5%) by weight or less.2. The owner of a sheet-fed offset lithographic printing press with a minimum sheet size of greater than 11x17 inches and a fountain solution reservoir greater than one (1) gallon in capacity shall: a. Limit the as-applied VOC content of the fountain solution to five percent (5%) by weight or less;b. If the fountain solution is refrigerated to below sixty degrees Fahrenheit (60°F), limit the as-applied VOC content of the fountain solution to 8.5% or less; or c. Use fountain solution that contains no alcohol and limit the alcohol substitute content of the fountain solution to five percent (5%) by weight or less.3. The owner of a coldset web offset lithographic printing press with a fountain solution reservoir of at least one (1) gallon in capacity shall use a fountain solution that contains no alcohol and that has an alcohol substitute content of five percent (5%) by weight or less.B. An offset lithographic or letterpress printing facility is exempt from §21.7.2(A) of this Part if one or a combination of the following circumstances apply: 1. The press is used for book printing;2. The press has a maximum web width of twenty-two (22) inches or less;3. The press is operated with one or a combination of the following inks, coatings or varnishes: b. Ultra-violet light or electron beam radiation cured materials;c. Sheet-fed or non-heatset web inks; ord. Sheet-fed or non-heatset web varnishes.C. The owner or operator of a heatset web offset lithographic printing press or heatset letterpress printing press with a web width of twenty-two (22) inches or more with the potential to emit at least twenty-five (25) tons per year of VOC (petroleum ink oil) emissions from all dryers, prior to controls, shall operate air pollution control equipment to: 1. Achieve a ninety percent (90%) destruction efficiency if the air pollution control equipment is installed prior to January 1, 2019;2. Achieve a ninety-five (95%) destruction efficiency if the air pollution control equipment is installed on or after January 1, 2019; or3. Reduce the control device outlet concentration to twenty (20) parts per million as hexane on a dry basis if the inlet VOC concentration is so low that the control efficiency specified in §§21.7.2(C)(1) and (2) of this Part cannot be achieved.D. The owner or operator of an offset lithographic printing press or letterpress printing facility shall meet the following requirements for all cleaning solvents used at the facility: 1. Cleaning solvents shall have a composite vapor pressure less than ten (10) mmHg at twenty degrees Celsius (20°C);2. Cleaning solvents shall have a VOC content less than seventy percent (70%) by weight; or3. No more than one hundred ten (110) gallons of cleaning solvent, not meeting the limits in §§21.7.2(D)(1) or (2) of this Part, shall be used in any 12-month period use.E. The owner or operator of an offset lithographic printing press or letterpress printing facility subject to this regulation shall comply with the work practice requirements in § 21.9 of this Part.21.7.3Flexible Package Printing on a Flexographic or Rotogravure PressA. The owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure press at a flexible package printing facility that has the potential to emit from the dryer, prior to controls, of at least twenty-five (25) tons per year of VOC from the use of inks, coatings and adhesives combined shall, in addition to complying with the work practice requirements in § 21.9 of this Part, use one of the following methods to control VOC emissions from such a press: 1. Use only individual inks, coatings and adhesives with an as-applied VOC content that does not exceed 0.8 kg VOC/kg of solids (0.8 lb VOC/lb of solids) or 0.16 kg VOC/kg of materials (0.16 lb VOC/lb of materials);2. Use only inks, coatings and adhesives so that the daily weighted average of the VOC content of the inks, coatings and adhesives used in a single printing line does not exceed 0.8 kg VOC/kg of solids (0.8 lb VOC/lb of solids) or 0.16 kg VOC/kg of materials (0.16 lb VOC/lb of materials); or3. Install, operate and maintain in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, a capture and a control device that produce the overall control efficiency for control equipment installed: a. Prior to March 14, 1995 the overall efficiency must be greater than sixty-five percent (65%);b. On or after March 14, 1995 the overall efficiency must be greater than eighty percent (80%).250 R.I. Code R. 250-RICR-120-05-21.7
Amended effective 1/10/2019