Md. Code Regs. 29.06.01.09

Current through Register Vol. 51, No. 25, December 13, 2024

Section 29.06.01.09 - Fireworks and Explosive Materials

The NFPA 1 Fire Code (2018 Edition) is incorporated by reference, except for the amendments in Regulation .08 of this chapter and the following amendments:

A. Permits shall be required for the following:

(1) Fireworks displays;

(2) Pyrotechnics before a proximate audience; and

(3) Flame effects before an audience.

B. Amend Sections 65.2, 65.3, and 65.4 to add the following:

(1) All applications for permits for display shall be filed at least 10 business days before the display is to be held.

(2) Under Public Safety Article, Title 10, Annotated Code of Maryland, the following requirements apply to public liability and property damage insurance:

(a) In order to meet the requirement of the statute, the State shall be named as an insured in the contract of insurance;

(b) Because the policy shall cover all damages to persons or property, a deductible form of coverage may not be accepted;

(c) The minimum amount of coverage that the State can accept on any display is $25,000 for the injury of one person, $50,000 for more than one person, and $10,000 for property damage; and

(d) A duplicate policy of a certificate of insurance shall be attached to the application.

(3) The policy or certificate shall provide that:

(a) The coverage may not be canceled without at least 30 days notice to the State Fire Marshal;

(b) The duplicate policy or certificate shall set forth all of the terms, conditions, endorsements, and riders which are or which will become part of the policy when issued;

(c) It is understood and agreed that limitations cannot be included in the policy which are not set forth in the duplicate policy or certificate of insurance which has been filed;

(d) If the policy is issued by an insurer authorized to do business in the State, it shall be validated by the signature of an agent licensed by the Maryland Insurance Administration to represent the insurer;

(e) If coverage is provided by an insurer who is not authorized to do business in the State, the duplicate policy or certificate of insurance shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or other satisfactory evidence that the person, firm, or corporation acting as agent in accepting the risk has authority to bind risks and issue policies for the insurer;

(f) The State Fire Marshal's Office specifically reserves the right to disapprove contracts issued by any authorized insurer if the Fire Marshal's Office determines the insurer is unsatisfactory; and

(g) If the policy issued by the unauthorized company is acceptable to the Fire Marshal's Office, it shall be registered and the registration fee and tax paid.

C. Amend Section 65.5 to add the following regarding the manufacture of fireworks:

(1) A building containing hazardous mixes or items may not be located closer than 20 feet to the property line.

(2) In §C(3) of this regulation, the following terms have the meanings indicated:

(a) "Trainees" means employees undergoing initial training in a specific process for a period not to exceed 24 consecutive work hours.

(b) "Transients" means:

(i) Supervisors not regularly assigned to the area;

(ii) Bona fide government agency personnel engaged in official business; and

(iii) Material-handling personnel actively engaged in the transfer of materials into or out of the area.

(3) The maximum number of workers, excluding one trainee and three transients, permitted in a building at one time shall be limited to one person per 100 square feet gross floor area or one person in buildings of less than 100 square feet gross floor area.

(4) The total amount of explosives or pyrotechnic composition including raw materials, material being processed, and finished products, that may be safely permitted in any building at a given time, shall be determined by the enforcement agency based upon the American Table of Distances for Storage of Explosives, without recognition for barricades. However, distances may not be less than those required by Public Safety Article, § 10-204(a), Annotated Code of Maryland. The amount of explosives or other pyrotechnic composition may not exceed the amount necessary for production for 4 hours.

(5) Before beginning work, all fireworks plants shall submit for approval accurate scale plot plans of their premises to the State Fire Marshal of all proposed changes of location of any of the structures, fences, and gates.

D. Amend Section 65.5 to add the following Subsection:

65.5.3 Sale or use of fireworks shall comply with the following:

(1) Before the sale, offering for sale, or use within the State, of any sparkler, every manufacturer of sparklers shall submit sufficient samples for inspection to the State Fire Marshal, with a laboratory report from a certified testing laboratory affirming that the analysis of these sparklers showed that they contain no chlorates or perchlorates.

(2) All sparklers sold in the State shall be sold in boxes, and each box shall be clearly marked that the sparklers contain no chlorates or perchlorates.

(3) The manufacturer shall furnish the State Fire Marshal with a current list of wholesalers, jobbers, retailers, or retail outlets, who handle or supply sparklers, or maintain a list of wholesalers, jobbers, retailers, or retail outlets, subject to inspection by the State Fire Marshal.

E. Amend Subsection 65.9.1 reference to NFPA 495 as follows:

(1) Amend Section 3.3 to add the following definition: Demolition. The explosive razing of any manmade structure or any part thereof that cannot be covered with overburden or blasting mats.

(2) Amend Section 4.4 to add the following new Subsection: 4.4.7 Each applicant for a Demolition Class D permit shall possess 5 years of experience in the field of demolition and shall pass the demolition examination as approved by the Office of the State Fire Marshal.

Amend Chapter 65 to add the following:

65.10 Sale, Handling, and Storage of Consumer Fireworks.

65.10.1 Applicability.

65.10.1.1 General Requirements. Retail sales of consumer fireworks in both new and existing buildings, structures, and facilities shall comply with the requirements of this section unless otherwise indicated.

65.10.1.1.1 New Facilities.

65.10.1.1.1.1 For the purpose of applying the requirements of this section, the following consumer fireworks retail sales (CFRS) facilities and stores shall be considered to be new:

(1) Permanent CFRS facilities and stores that are not initially occupied until after the effective date of this Code, unless plans are submitted and accepted for review, plans have been approved for construction, or a building permit has been issued prior to the effective date of this Code;

(2) Permanent CFRS facilities and stores constructed prior to the effective date of this Code and in which the retail sales of consumer fireworks have not been conducted either seasonally or year-round within one year prior to the effective date of this Code; or

(3) Temporary CFRS facilities and stores.

65.10.1.1.1.2 In a store where the area of the retail sales floor occupied by the retail displays of consumer fireworks is increased after the effective date of this Code, such that the area exceeds the limits specified in 65.10.5.1.1(1), the building shall be considered to be a new CFRS facility.

65.10.1.1.2 Existing Facilities. For the purpose of applying the requirements of Section 65.10, CFRS facilities and stores not considered to be new as specified in 65.10.1.1.1 shall be considered to be existing.

65.10.1.1.3 Minimum Requirements. Existing life safety features that do not meet the requirements for new buildings but that exceed the requirements for existing buildings shall not be further diminished.

65.10.1.1.4 Modernization or Renovation. Any alteration or any installation of new equipment shall meet, as nearly as practicable, the requirements for new construction.

65.10.1.1.4.1 Only the altered, renovated, or modernized portion of an existing building, system, or individual component shall be required to meet the provisions of this Code that are applicable to new construction.

65.10.1.1.4.2 If the alteration, renovation, or modernization adversely impacts required life safety features, additional upgrading shall be required.

65.10.1.1.4.3 Except where another provision of this Code exempts a previously approved feature from a requirement, the resulting feature shall be not less than that required for existing buildings.

65.10.1.2 Facility Classification. The requirements of this section shall apply to the following:

(1) Permanent buildings and structures, including the following:

(a) Stores; and

(b) CFRS facilities.

(2) Temporary facilities, including the following:

(a) CFRS stands;

(b) Tents;

(c) Canopies; or

(d) Membrane structures.

65.10.2 Special Limits for Retail Sales of Consumer Fireworks.

65.10.2.1 Retail sales of consumer fireworks, including their related storage and display for sale of such fireworks, shall be in accordance with this Code.

65.10.2.2 Retail sales of consumer fireworks shall be limited to mercantile occupancies defined in 3.3.183.17 and NFPA 101.

65.10.2.3 Any building or structure used for the retail sales of consumer fireworks, including their related storage, shall comply with Section 20.12 and NFPA 101 for mercantile occupancies, except as provided in this Code.

65.10.2.4 Retail sales of display fireworks and pyrotechnic articles, including the related storage and display for sale of such fireworks and articles, shall be prohibited at a CFRS facility or store.

65.10.2.5 Retail sales of certain explosive devices prohibited by the Child Safety Act of 1966, including the related storage and display for sale of such devices, shall be prohibited at a CFRS facility or store.

65.10.2.6 The retail sales of pest control devices, including their related storage and display for sale, shall be prohibited at a CFRS facility or store.

65.10.2.7 The retail sales of fireworks that do not comply with the regulations of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission as set forth in 1 6 CFR 1500 and 1507 and the regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation as set forth in 49 CFR 100 to 178, including their related storage and display for sale, shall be prohibited.

65.10.3 General Requirements for All Retail Sales.

65.10.3.1 Exempt Amounts.

65.10.3.1.1 The requirements of this section shall not apply to CFRS facilities or stores where the consumer fireworks are in packages and where the total quantity of consumer fireworks on hand does not exceed 125 pounds (net) (56.8 kilograms) of pyrotechnic composition or, in a building protected throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 13.3 and NFPA 13, 250 pounds (net) (1 13.6 kilograms) of pyrotechnic composition.

65.10.3.1.2 Where the actual weight of the pyrotechnic composition of consumer fireworks is not known, 25 percent of the gross weight of the consumer fireworks, including packaging, shall be permitted to be used to determine the weight of the pyrotechnic composition.

65.10.3.2 Permits. Where required by state or local laws, ordinances, or regulations, a permit for the following shall be obtained:

(1) Construction, erection, or operation of the following:

(a) Permanent building or structure; or

(b) Temporary structure such as a stand, tent, or canopy used for the purpose of the retail display or sale of consumer fireworks to the public; and

(2) Storage of consumer fireworks in connection with the retail display or sale of consumer fireworks to the public.

65.10.3.3 Plans. Plans for facilities other than stands and tents shall include the following:

(a) Minimum distances from the following:

(i) Public ways;

(ii) Buildings;

(iii) Other CFRS facilities;

(iv) Motor vehicle fuel-dispensing station dispensers;

(v) Retail propane-dispensing station dispensers;

(vi) Flammable and combustible liquid aboveground tank storage; and

(vii) Flammable gas and flammable liquefied gas bulk aboveground storage and dispensing areas within 300 feet (91.5 meters) of the facility used for the retail sales of consumer fireworks;

(b) Vehicle access and parking areas;

(c) Location and type of portable fire extinguishers;

(d) Floor plan and layout of storage and displays to indicate compliance with this chapter and applicable state or local laws, ordinances, or regulations;

(e) Means of egress; and

(f) Construction details.

65.10.3.4 Fire Department Access. Any portion of an exterior wall of a building, sidewall of a tent, or other defined perimeter of a CFRS facility or store shall be accessible within 150 feet (45.7 meters) of a public way or an approved fire apparatus access.

65.10.3.5 Construction of Buildings and Structures. Consumer fireworks shall only be permitted to be sold at retail in any of the following buildings or structures, provided that any new building or structure does not exceed one story in height:

(1) Permanent buildings or structures constructed in accordance with the building code enforced by the AHJ;

(2) Tents, canopies, or temporary membrane structures complying with NFPA 102, Standard for Grandstands, Folding and Telescopic Seating, Tents, and Membrane Structures;

(3) Temporary structures constructed in accordance with this chapter;

(4) Temporary CFRS stands greater than 800 square feet (74 square meters) in area that also meet the requirements for a permanent structure; or

(5) Vehicles, such as vans, buses, trailers, recreational vehicles, motor homes, travel trailers, trucks, and automobiles, complying with the applicable requirements for CFRS stands.

65.10.3.6 An automatic sprinkler system designed and installed in accordance with Section 13.3 and NFPA 13 shall be provided throughout permanent CFRS facilities and stores in which CFRS are conducted in the following buildings:

(1) New buildings greater than 6,000 square feet (557.2 square meters) in area; or

(2) Existing buildings greater than 7,500 square feet (694 square meters) in area.

65.10.3.6.1 Door and window openings in the fire barrier wall shall be protected by self-closing fire doors or fixed fire windows having a fire protection rating of not less than one hour and shall be installed in accordance with Section 12.4 and NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening Protectives.

65.10.3.6.2 Any other openings or penetrations in the fire barrier wall shall be protected in accordance with NFPA 101.

65.10.3.6.3 Every CFRS facility and store shall have no fewer than two portable fire extinguishers with a minimum rating of 2A, at least one of which shall be of the pressurized water type.

65.10.3.7 Storage Rooms. Storage rooms containing consumer fireworks in a new permanent CFRS facility or store shall be protected with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 13.3 and NFPA 13 or separated from the retail sales area by a fire barrier having a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour.

65.10.3.8 Portable Fire Extinguishers.

65.10.3.8.1 Specification. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided as required for extra (high) hazard occupancy in accordance with Section 13.6 and NFPA 10.

65.10.3.8.2 Extinguisher Type. Where more than one portable fire extinguisher is required, at least one fire extinguisher shall be of the multipurpose dry chemical type if the facility is provided with electrical power.

65.10.3.8.3 Location. Portable fire extinguishers for permanent consumer fireworks retail sales facilities and stores shall be located so that the maximum distance of travel required to reach an extinguisher from any point does not exceed 75 feet (23 meters), as specified in NFPA 10.

65.10.3.9 Fire Alarms. A fire alarm system shall be provided as required by Section 13.7 and NFPA 101.

65.10.3.10 Smoke Control.

65.10.3.10.1 Smoke and heat vents designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 204, Standard for Smoke and Heat Venting, shall be provided in the CFRS area of new permanent CFRS facilities or stores where the ceiling height is less than 10 feet (3.05 meters) and the travel distance to reach an exit is greater than 25 feet (7.6 meters).

65.10.3.10.2 The smoke and heat vents required by 65.10.3.10.1 shall be automatically activated by a smoke detection system installed throughout the CFRS area in accordance with NFPA 72.

65.10.3.11 No Smoking Signs.

65.10.3.11.1 Smoking shall not be permitted inside or within 50 feet (15.5 meters) of the CFRS area.

65.10.3. 11.2 At least one sign that reads as follows, in letters at least two inches (51 millimeters) high on a contrasting background, shall be conspicuously posted at each entrance or within 10 feet (3.05 meters) of every aisle directly serving the CFRS area in a store: "FIREWORKS - NO SMOKING"

65.10.3.12 Distance from Bulk Dispensing and Bulk Storage.

65.10.3.12.1 CFRS facilities and stores shall not be located within 50 feet (15.2 meters) of the following:

(1) Retail propane-dispensing station dispensers;

(2) Aboveground storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquid, flammable gas, or flammable liquefied gas; or

(3) Compressed natural gas-dispensing station dispensers.

65.10.3.12.2 New CFRS facilities and stores, existing CFRS stands and tents, and temporary CFRS facilities shall not be located within 50 feet (15.2 meters) of motor vehicle fuel-dispensing station dispensers.

65.10.3.12.3 Existing CFRS facilities, other than CFRS stands, tents, and temporary facilities, and existing stores shall not be located within 25 feet (7.6 meters) of motor vehicle fuel-dispensing station dispensers.

65.10.3.12.4 Fuel tanks on vehicles or other motorized equipment shall not be considered bulk storage.

65.10.3.12.5 Fuel storage for generators shall be in accordance with 65.10.4.9.2.

65.10.3.12.6 CFRS areas and storage areas shall not be located within 300 feet (91.2 meters) of any aboveground bulk storage or bulk dispensing area for the following:

(1) Flammable or combustible liquid;

(2) Flammable gas; or

(3) Flammable liquefied gas.

65.10.3.13 Fire Safety and Evacuation Plan. For a CFRS facility or store, an approved fire safety and evacuation plan shall be prepared in writing and maintained current.

65.10.3.14 Means of Egress.

65.10.3.14.1 Number of Exits.

65.10.3.14.1.1 The minimum number of exits provided from the retail sales area shall be not less than three or as determined in accordance with Chapter 14 and NFPA 101, whichever number is greater.

65.10.3.14.1.2 Required means of egress from the retail sales area shall not be allowed to pass through storage rooms.

65.10.3.14.2 Egress Travel Distance. Exits provided for the retail sales area of tents, membrane structures, canopies, and permanent CFRS facilities, including Class C stores, shall be located so that the maximum egress travel distance, measured from the most remote point to an exit along the natural and unobstructed path of egress travel, does not exceed 75 feet (22.9 meters).

65.10.3.14.3 Aisles. Aisles serving as a portion of the exit access in CFRS areas shall comply with this paragraph.

65.10.3.14.3.1 Aisle Width.

65.10.3.14.3.1.1 Aisles shall have a minimum clear width of 48 inches (1.2 meters).

65.10.3.14.3.1.2 The required width of aisles shall be maintained unobstructed at all times the facility is occupied by the public.

65.10.3.14.3.2 Aisle Arrangements.

65.10.3.14.3.2.1 Not less than one aisle shall be provided and arranged so that travel along the aisle leads directly to an exit.

65.10.3.14.3.2.2 Other required exits shall be located at, or within 10 feet (3.05 meters) of, the end of an aisle or a cross-aisle.

65.10.3.14.3.2.3 Aisles shall terminate at an exit, another aisle, or a cross-aisle.

65.10.3.14.3.2.4 Dead-end aisles shall be prohibited.

65.10.3.14.3.2.5 Where more than one aisle is provided, not less than one cross-aisle shall have an unobstructed connection with every aisle, other than cross-aisles.

65.10.3.14.3.2.6 Cross-aisle connections shall be provided for each aisle at intervals not greater than 50 feet (15.2 meters) as measured along the aisle.

65.10.3.14.3.2.7 Where cross-aisles are required, not less than one cross-aisle shall have at least one end terminate at, or within 10 feet (3.05 meters) of, an exit.

65.10.3.14.4 Doors and Doorways. Doors and doorways used in the means of egress shall comply with this paragraph.

65.10.3.14.4.1 Egress doors shall be not less than 36 inches (910 millimeters) in width (providing a minimum of 32 inches (813 millimeters) clear width).

65.10.3.14.4.2 Every egress door that has a latching device shall be provided with panic hardware complying with Chapter 14 and NFPA 101.

65.10.3.14.4.3 Means of egress doors shall be of the sidehinge swinging type and shall be arranged to swing in the direction of egress travel.

65.10.3.14.5 Exit Signs.

65.10.3.14.5.1 Exits shall be marked by an approved exit sign in accordance with Section 14.14 and NFPA 101.

65.10.3.14.5.2 Exit signs shall be required to be self-luminous or internally or externally illuminated.

65.10.3.14.6 Emergency Lighting.

65.10.3.14.6.1 The means of egress, including the exit discharge, shall be illuminated whenever the facility is occupied in accordance with Section 14.12 and NFPA 101.

65.10.3.14.6.2 Emergency lighting shall be provided for CFRS facilities and stores and shall comply with Section 14.13 and NFPA 101.

65.10.3.15 Retail Sales Displays.

65.10.3.15.1 General. The requirements of this section shall apply only to CFRS areas, unless otherwise specifically indicated.

65.10.3.15.2 Height of Sales Displays. To provide for visual access of the retail sales area by the employees and customers, partitions, counters, shelving, cases, and similar space dividers shall not exceed six feet (1.8 meters) in height above the floor surface inside the perimeter of the retail sales area.

65.10.3.15.2.1 Merchandise on display or located on shelves or counters or other fixtures shall not be displayed to a height greater than six feet (1.8 meters) above the floor surface within the CFRS area.

65.10.3.15.2.2 Where located along the perimeter of the consumer fireworks retail sales area, the maximum height of sales displays shall be limited to 12 feet (3.66 meters).

65.10.3.15.3 Flame Breaks.

65.10.3.15.3.1 Where continuous displays of consumer fireworks are located on shelving, cases, counters, and similar display fixtures, a flame break shall be provided so that the maximum distance between flame breaks does not exceed 16 feet (4.9 meters) where measured along the length of the display.

65.10.3.15.3.2 The flame break shall extend as follows:

(1) From the display surface to not less than six inches (150 millimeters) above the full height of the displayed merchandise or to the underside of the display surface directly above; and

(2) For the full depth of the displayed merchandise.

65.10.3.15.3.3 Where packaged fireworks merchandise is displayed on the same level as individual unpackaged fireworks devices, the flame break required in 65.10.3.15.3.1 shall not be required where both of the following criteria are met:

(1) The length of the display level containing individual unpackaged fireworks devices is interrupted by packaged fireworks merchandise, or open space, or any combination thereof, having a continuous length of not less than eight feet (2.4 meters); and

(2) The distance between flame breaks does not exceed 32 feet (9.8 meters).

65.10.3.15.3.4 Where a merchandise display level contains packaged fireworks merchandise, such merchandise shall be permitted to be displayed in a continuous length on the same level, where the display does not exceed 32 feet (9.8 meters) without the flame break required in 65.10.3.15.3.1.

65.10.3.15.3.5 An aisle having a minimum width of 48 inches (1.2 meters) shall be permitted to substitute for the flame break required in 65.10.3.15.3.1.

65.10.3.15.3.6 Where displays of merchandise face aisles that run along both long sides of the display fixtures or display surface, a flame break shall be installed lengthwise between the abutting display fixtures or along the approximate longitudinal centerline of the display surface so as to separate the merchandise facing one of the aisles from the merchandise that abuts it facing the other aisle.

65.10.3.15.3.7 Freestanding display racks, pallets, tables, or bins containing packaged fireworks merchandise shall be permitted without flame breaks, provided the dimensions of the area occupied by the fireworks merchandise do not exceed four feet (1.2 meters) in width, eight feet (2.4 meters) in length, and six feet (1.8 meters) in height, and the displayed fireworks merchandise is separated from other displays of merchandise by aisles having a minimum clear width of four feet (1.2 meters).

65.10.3.15.3.8 Where both of the facing vertical surfaces of the abutting display fixtures are constructed of perforated hardboard panels not less than 1/4 inch (6 millimeters) thick that are separated from each other by an open space not less than 11/2 inches (38 millimeters) wide, a flame break specified in 65.10.3.15.3.6 shall not be required.

65.10.3.15.4 Shelving.

65.10.3.15.4.1 Shelving or other surfaces used to support fireworks display merchandise shall be permitted to have not more than 10 percent of the area of the shelf contain holes or other openings.

65.10.3.15.4.2 The 10 percent limitation on the area of holes or other openings in the shelf used to support fireworks display merchandise shall not be applicable under the following conditions:

(1) Where both of the facing vertical surfaces of the abutting display fixtures are constructed of perforated hardboard panels not less than 1/4 inch (6 millimeters) thick and separated from each other by an open space not less than 11/2 inches (38 millimeters) wide; or

(2) Where such merchandise is suspended from or fastened to the shelf or surface or is displayed as packaged merchandise on the surface or in bins.

65.10.3.15.4.3 Flame breaks and solid display surfaces shall not be required for packaged fireworks merchandise displayed in bins or display racks or on pallets or tables located at the end of a row of display fixtures where the following conditions are met:

(1) Such end displays are separated from the ends of the display fixtures by an open space not less than three inches (76 millimeters) wide;

(2) The fireworks merchandise occupies an area having dimensions not greater than the width of the end of the row of display fixtures and a depth not greater than 36 inches (910 millimeters); and

(3) The minimum required widths of the adjacent aisles are maintained, but in no case is the aisle width less than 48 inches (1.2 meters).

65.10.3.15.5 Covered Fuses.

65.10.3.15.5.1 Only consumer fireworks meeting the criteria for covered fuses as described in 65.10.3.15.5.2 shall be permitted where the retail sales of consumer fireworks are conducted.

65.10.3.15.5.2 A consumer fireworks device shall be considered as having a covered fuse if the fireworks device is contained within a packaged arrangement, container, or wrapper that is arranged and configured such that the fuse of the fireworks device cannot be touched directly by a person handling the fireworks without the person having to puncture or tear the packaging or wrapper, unseal or break open a package or container, or otherwise damage or destroy the packaging material, wrapping, or container within which the fireworks are contained.

65.10.3.15.6 Reserved.

65.10.3.15.7 Horizontal Barriers. Combustible materials and merchandise shall not be stored directly above the consumer fireworks in retail sales displays unless a horizontal barrier constructed of plywood at least 3/8 inch (9.5 millimeters) thick is installed directly above the consumer fireworks as follows:

(1) Barriers shall extend from rack face to rack face and shall be tight to the vertical barriers;

(2) Barriers shall be supported by horizontal rack members;

(3) Transverse vertical barriers constructed of plywood at least 3/8 inch (9.5 millimeters) thick shall be provided at the rack uprights extending from rack face to rack face; and

(4) For double-row racks, longitudinal vertical barriers constructed of plywood at least 3/8 inch (9.5 millimeters) thick shall be provided at the rack uprights in the center of the rack.

65.10.3.16 Electrical Equipment. All electrical wiring shall be in accordance with NFPA 70.

65.10.3.17 Heating Equipment.

65.10.3.17.1 Heating units shall be listed and shall be used in accordance with their listing.

65.10.3.17.2 Temporary heating sources shall have tip-over and temperature-overheat protection.

65.10.3.17.3 Open-flame and exposed-element heating devices shall be prohibited.

65.10.3.18 Portable Generators.

65.10.3.18.1 Class II and Class III combustible liquid generator fuel shall be limited to not more than five gallons (18.9 liters).

65.10.3.18.2 Portable generators shall be permitted to use Class I flammable liquids as fuel, provided the quantity of such fuel is limited to two gallons (7.6 liters).

65.10.3.19 Operations.

65.10.3.19.1 General. Means of egress, including but not limited to aisles, doors, and exit discharge, shall be clear at all times when the facility or the building is occupied.

65.10.3.19.2 Distances from Entrances and Exits.

65.10.3.19.2.1 No consumer fireworks shall be displayed for sale or stored within five feet (1.5 meters) of any public entrance in an enclosed building or structure.

65.10.3.19.2.2 No consumer fireworks shall be displayed for sale or stored within two feet (0.6 meters) of any exit or private entrance in an enclosed building or structure.

65.10.3.19.3 Security.

65.10.3.19.3.1 CFRS facilities and stores shall be secured when unoccupied and not open for business, unless fireworks are not kept in the facility during such times.

65.10.3.19.3.2 The fireworks displayed or stored in a CFRS facility or store shall be allowed to be removed and transferred to a temporary storage structure or location.

65.10.3.19.4 Fireworks shall not be ignited, discharged, or otherwise used within 300 feet (91.5 meters) of a CFRS facility or store.

65.10.3.20 Display and Handling. Not less than 50 percent of the available floor area within the retail sales area shall be open space that is unoccupied by retail displays and used only for aisles and cross-aisles.

65.10.3.21 Housekeeping.

65.10.3.21.1 CFRS areas and storage rooms shall be kept free of accumulations of debris and rubbish.

65.10.3.21.2 Any loose pyrotechnic composition shall be removed immediately.

65.10.3.21.3 Vacuum cleaners or other mechanical cleaning devices shall not be used.

65.10.3.21.4B rooms, brushes, and dustpans used to sweep up any loose powder or dust shall be made of nonsparking materials.

65.10.3.21.5 Consumer fireworks devices that are damaged shall be removed and not offered for sale.

65.10.3.21.6 Damaged consumer fireworks shall be permitted to be returned to the dealer or shall be disposed of according to the manufacturer's instructions.

65.10.3.22 Training. All personnel handling consumer fireworks shall receive safety training related to the performance of their duties.

65.10.3.23 Under the Influence. Any person selling consumer fireworks shall not knowingly sell consumer fireworks to any person who is obviously under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

65.10.3.24 Records.

65.10.3.24.1 Records shall be maintained on available inventory on the premise.

65.10.3.24.2 Records shall be made available to the AHJ upon request.

65.10.4 Consumer Fireworks Retail Sales (CFRS) Facility Requirements.

65.10.4.1 Plan. Where required, plans for CFRS facilities shall be submitted to the AHJ with the permit application.

65.10.4.2 Site Plan. The site plan for tents shall show the location of the tent on the site and indicate the minimum separation distances required by 65.10.4.7.

65.10.4.3 Construction Materials. The following construction materials requirements shall apply to new permanent CFRS facilities in jurisdictions that have not adopted a local building code:

(1) Buildings having an area up to and including 8,000 square feet (743 square meters) shall be permitted to be constructed of any approved construction materials; or

(2) Buildings having an area greater than 8,000 square feet (743 square meters) shall be constructed in accordance with one of the following:

(a) Buildings shall be constructed of noncombustible or limited-combustible materials; or

(b) Buildings with exterior walls having a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours shall be permitted to have the roof decking and its supporting structure and interior partitions constructed of combustible materials; and

(3) Roof coverings for any building shall have a minimum rating of Class C.

65.10.4.4 Multiple-Tenant Buildings.

65.10.4.4.1 Where new CFRS facilities are located in a building containing other tenants, the CFRS facility shall be separated from the other tenants by fire barriers having no openings and a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours.

65.10.4.4.2 Where the new CFRS facility is protected per Section 13.3 and NFPA 13, the fire resistance rating of the fire barrier required by 65.10.4.4.1 shall be permitted to be not less than one hour.

65.10.4.4.3 Any penetrations of the fire barrier shall be protected in accordance with NFPA 101.

65.10.4.5 Fire Protection.

65.10.4.5.1 Automatic Sprinkler System Alarm. Any waterflow alarm device shall be arranged to activate audible and visual alarms throughout the CFRS facility in accordance with Section 13.7 and NFPA 72.

65.10.4.5.2 Portable Fire Extinguishers. Portable fire extinguishers for temporary CFRS facilities shall be installed and located so that the maximum distance of travel required to reach an extinguisher from any point does not exceed 35 feet (10.6 meters).

65.10.4.5.3 Public Notification. In permanent CFRS facilities greater than 3,000 square feet (278.6 square meters) in area, a public address system or a means for manually activating audible and visible alarm indicating devices located throughout the facility in accordance with Section 13.7 and NFPA 72 shall be provided at a constantly attended location when the CFRS facility is occupied.

65.10.4.6 Site Requirements.

65.10.4.6.1 Clearance to Combustibles. The area located within 30 feet (9 meters) of a CFRS facility shall be kept free of accumulated dry grass, dry brush, and combustible debris.

65.10.4.6.2 Parking. No motor vehicle or trailer used for the storage of consumer fireworks shall be parked within 10 feet (3 meters) of a CFRS facility, except when delivering, loading, or unloading fireworks or other merchandise and materials used, stored, or displayed for sale in the facility.

65.10.4.6.3 Fireworks Discharge. At least one sign that reads as follows, in capital letters at least four inches (102 millimeters) high on a contrasting background, shall be conspicuously posted on the exterior of each side of the CFRS facility: "NO FIREWORKS DISCHARGE WITHIN 300 FEET"

65.10.4.7 Separation Distances.

65.10.4.7.1 Permanent Facilities.

65.10.4.7.1.1 New Facilities. New permanent consumer fireworks retail sales facilities shall be separated from adjacent permanent buildings and structures in accordance with Table 65.10.4.7.1.1.

Table 65.10.4.7.1.1 Separation Distances Between New Permanent Buildings and Structures

Separation Distances		Exterior Wall Fire Resistance Rating (hour)	Exterior Wall Opening Protection rating (hour)
Feet	Meters	Exterior Wall Fire Resistance Rating (hour)	Exterior Wall Opening Protection rating (hour)
<10	<3.05	2	1 1/2
>=10 to <60	>=3.05 to <18.3	1	3/4
>=60	>=18.3	0	0

65.10.4.7.1.2 Existing Facilities. Existing permanent CFRS facilities shall be separated from adjacent permanent buildings and structures by not less than 10 feet (3.05 meters) or shall be separated by a wall with a one-hour fire resistance rating.

65.10.4.7.2 Temporary Facilities. Temporary CFRS facilities shall be located as specified in Table 65.10.4.7.2.

Table 65.10.4.7.2T emporary CFRS Facilities - Minimum Separation Distances

	Buildings		Combustibles^a		Tents^b		Vehicle Parking		Stands^c		Storage of Consumer Fireworks
	feet	meters	feet	meters	feet	meters	feet	meters	feet	meters	feet	meters
Tents^b	20	6.1	20	6.1	20	6.1	10	3.05	20	6.1	20	6.1
Stands^c	20	6.1	10	3.05	20	6.1	10	3.05	5^d	1.5^d	20	6.1

^a The required clearances to combustibles shall also comply with 65.10.4.6.1.

^b Tents refers to temporary retail sales of consumer fireworks in tents, canopies, and membrane structures.

^c Stands refers to temporary CFRS stands.

^d Where stands are separated from each other by less than 20 feet (6.1 meters), the aggregate area of such stands shall not exceed 800 square feet (74 square meters).

65.10.4.8 Means of Egress.

65.10.4.8.1 General.

65.10.4.8.1.1 Means of egress in CFRS facilities shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 14 and NFPA 101, as modified by 65.10.3.14 and 65.10.4.8.

65.10.4.8.1.2 Means of egress in tents and membrane structures used for retail sales of consumer fireworks shall also comply with NFPA 102, as modified by 65.10.3.14 and 65.10.4.8.

65.10.4.8.2 The evacuation plan shall be posted in a conspicuous location that is accessible to the public as well as to persons employed or otherwise working in the CFRS facility.

65.10.4.8.3 Exit signs shall not be required to be illuminated in tents that are not open for business after dusk.

65.10.4.8.4 Emergency lighting shall not be required in tents that are not open for business after dusk.

65.10.4.8.5 Exit openings from tents shall have a clear opening width of not less than 44 inches (1100 millimeters).

65.10.4.9 Source of Ignition.

65.10.4.9.1 Temporary Electrical Equipment. Battery powered equipment, electrical equipment, and electrical cords that are used in conjunction with a CFRS facility area shall be listed and shall be used in accordance with their listing.

65.10.4.9.1.1 Temporary wiring installed in a temporary structure, including tents and canopies, shall comply with NFPA 70.

65.10.4.9.1.2 Where temporary electrical conductors are placed on top of an outdoor surface to connect the permanent power source to the temporary CFRS facility's temporary electrical system, the conductors shall be provided with physical protection against damage caused by pedestrian or vehicular traffic.

65.10.4.9.2 Portable Generators.

65.10.4.9.2.1 Portable generators supplying power to CFRS facilities shall use only Class II or Class III combustible liquid fuels.

65.10.4.9.2.2 Portable generators shall be located not less than 20 feet (6.1 meters) from the CFRS facility.

65.10.4.9.2.3 Generator fuels shall be stored not less than 20 feet (6.1 meters) from the CFRS facility.

65.10.4.9.2.4 Where the generator fuel storage is located not less than 50 feet (15.2 meters) from the CFRS facility, the quantity of such fuel shall not be limited by 65.10.3.18.

65.10.4.9.3 Cooking Equipment.

65.10.4.9.3.1 Cooking equipment of any type shall not be permitted within 20 feet (6.1 meters) of tents, canopies, or membrane structures used for the storage or sale of consumer fireworks.

65.10.4.9.3.2 Open flame cooking equipment of any type shall not be allowed within 50 feet (15.2 meters) of tents, canopies, or membrane structures used for the storage or sale of consumer fireworks.

65.10.4.10 Quantity Limitations. The floor area occupied by the retail displays of consumer fireworks in permanent CFRS facilities shall not exceed 40 percent of the available floor area within the retail sales area.

65.10.4.11 Flame Breaks. In CFRS facilities the longitudinal flame break required in 65.10.3.15.3.6 shall not be required where the display fixture or surface is adjacent to an aisle that is not used for public egress.

65.10.5 Stores.

65.10.5.1 General.

65.10.5.1.1 For the purpose of this chapter, stores in which retail sales of consumer fireworks are conducted shall not be considered CFRS facilities as defined in 3.3.72 where both of the following conditions exist:

(1) The area of the retail sales floor occupied by the retail displays of consumer fireworks does not exceed 25 percent of the area of the retail sales floor in the building or 600 square feet (55.5 square meters), whichever is less; and

(2) The consumer fireworks are displayed and sold in a manner approved by the AHJ and comply with the applicable provisions of this code, federal and state law, and local ordinances.

65.10.5.1.2 Consumer fireworks displayed for sale in stores shall comply with the following:

(1) Such fireworks shall be under the visual supervision of a store employee or other responsible party while the store is open to the public;

(2) Such fireworks shall be packaged fireworks merchandise; and

(3) Such fireworks shall be packaged and displayed for sale in a manner that will limit travel distance of ejected pyrotechnical components if ignition of the fireworks occurs.

65.10.5.2 Egress. Means of egress in stores shall comply with Chapter 14 and NFPA 101, unless otherwise specified in 65.10.3.14.

65.10.5.3 Storage Rooms. Storage rooms containing consumer fireworks in a new permanent store shall be protected with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 13.3 and NFPA 13 or separated from the retail sales area by a fire barrier having a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour.

65.10.5.3.1 Door and window openings in the fire barrier wall shall be protected by self-closing fire doors or fixed fire windows having a fire protection rating of not less than one hour and shall be installed in accordance with Section 12.4 and NFPA 80.

65.10.5.3.2 Any other openings or penetrations in the fire barrier wall shall be protected in accordance with NFPA 101.

65.10.5.4 Alarm Notification. In Class B stores, a public address system or a means for manually activating audible and visible alarm indicating devices located throughout the facility in accordance with Section 13.7 and NFPA 72 shall be provided at a constantly attended location when the store is occupied.

65.10.5.5 Flame breaks shall be allowed to be omitted in stores protected throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 13.3 and NFPA 13.

65.10.6 Stands.

65.10.6.1 Site Plan. The site plan for stands shall show the location of the stand on the site and indicate the minimum separation distances required by 65.10.4.7.

65.10.6.2 Temporary Stands.

65.10.6.2.1 Portable Fire Extinguisher. Temporary CFRS stands of less than 200 square feet (18.6 square meters) shall be required to have only one portable fire extinguisher.

65.10.6.2.2 Fire Safety and Evacuation Plan. An approved fire safety and evacuation plan shall not be required for temporary CFRS stands.

65.10.6.2.3 Means of Egress.

65.10.6.2.3.1 Retail sales areas within temporary CFRS stands shall have a minimum of two exits.

65.10.6.2.3.2 Exits provided for temporary fireworks retail sales stands shall be located such that the maximum egress travel distance as measured from the most remote point to an exit along the natural and unobstructed path of egress travel does not exceed 35 feet (10.6 meters).

65.10.6.2.3.3 Customers shall not be permitted inside a temporary CFRS stand unless it complies with the means of egress requirements in 65.10.3.14.

65.10.6.2.3.4 Exit signs shall not be required to be illuminated in stands that are not open for business after dusk, or in temporary CFRS stands where the interior is not accessible to the public.

65.10.6.2.3.5 Emergency lighting shall not be required in stands that are not open for business after dusk or for temporary CFRS stands where the interior is not accessible to the public.

65.10.6.3 Minimum Separation Distances. Temporary CFRS stands shall be separated from adjacent buildings and structures in accordance with Table 65.10.4.7.2.

65.10.6.4 Stands Not Open to the Public.

65.10.6.4.1 Minimum Clear Width of Aisles. In temporary CFRS stands where the interior is not accessible to the public, the minimum clear width of the aisle shall be permitted to be not less than 28 inches (710 millimeters).

65.10.6.4.2 Egress Doors.

65.10.6.4.2.1 Egress doors provided for temporary CFRS stands where the interior is not accessible to the public shall be permitted to be not less than 28 inches (710 millimeters) in width.

65.10.6.4.2.2 For temporary CFRS stands where the interior is not accessible to the public, latching devices on doors shall be permitted without panic hardware.

65.10.6.4.3 Storage. In temporary CFRS stands where the interior is not accessible to the public, the maximum height of sales displays shall be limited to eight feet (2.44 meters).

65.10.6.4.4 Flame Breaks. Temporary CFRS stands where the interior is not accessible to the public shall not be required to comply with 65.10.3.15.3.

65.10.6.4.5 Covered Fuses.

65.10.6.4.5.1 Only consumer fireworks meeting the criteria for covered fuses as described in 65.10.3.15.5.2 shall be permitted where the retail sales of consumer fireworks are conducted.

65.10.6.4.6 Sales Display. The following shall apply to the sales display of consumer fireworks in temporary CFRS stands that do not allow access to the interior of the stand by the public:

(1) Consumer fireworks shall be displayed in a manner that prevents the fireworks from being handled by persons other than those operating, supervising, or working in the temporary CFRS stand; and

(2) The handling requirements of 65.10.6.4.6(1) shall not apply to packaged assortments, boxes, or similarly packaged containers of one or more items, regardless of type.

Md. Code Regs. 29.06.01.09

Regulations .09 amended effective August 30, 1982 (9:17 Md. R. 1709)
Regulation .09B amended effective November 22, 1993 (20:23 Md. R. 1805)
Regulations .09 adopted effective January 14, 1999 (26:1 Md. R. 25)
Regulations .09 repealed effective August 6, 2001 (28:15 Md. R. 1400)
Regulations .09 adopted effective August 6, 2001 (28:15 Md. R. 1400)
Regulation .09 amended effective January 1, 2010 (36:25 Md. R. 1956); January 1, 2013 (39:23 Md. R. 1533)
Regulation .09 amended effective 42:23 Md. R. 1436, eff.1/1/2016; amended effective 46:20 Md. R. 847, eff. 10/7/2019; amended effective 47:16 Md. R. 737, eff. 8/10/2020