Ariz. Admin. Code § 18-2-B1301

Current through Register Vol. 30, No. 50, December 13, 2024

Section R18-2-B1301 - Limits on Lead Emissions from the Hayden Smelter

A. Applicability.

1. This Section applies to the owner or operator of the Hayden Smelter.

2. Effective date. Except as otherwise provided, the requirements of this Section shall become applicable on the earlier of July 1, 2018 or 180 days after completion of all project improvements authorized by Significant Permit Revision No. 60647.

B. Definitions. In addition to general definitions contained in R18-2-101, the following definitions apply to this Section:

1. "ACFM" means actual cubic feet per minute.

2. "Anode furnace baghouse stack" means the dedicated stack that vents controlled off-gases from the anode furnaces to the Main Stack.

3. "Blowing" shall mean the introduction of air or oxygen-enriched air into the converter furnace molten bath through tuyeres that are submerged below the level of the molten bath. The flow of air through the tuyeres above the level of the molten bath or into an empty converter shall not constitute blowing.

4. "Capture system" means the collection of components used to capture gases and fumes released from one or more emission units, and to convey the captured gases and fumes to one or more control devices or a stack. A capture system may include, but is not limited to, the following components as applicable to a given capture system design: duct intake devices, hoods, enclosures, ductwork, dampers, manifolds, plenums, and fans.

5. "Control device" means a piece of equipment used to clean and remove pollutants from gases and fumes released from one or more emission units that would otherwise be released to the atmosphere. Control devices may include, but are not limited to, baghouses, Electrostatic Precipitators (ESPs), and sulfuric acid plants.

6. "Hayden Smelter" means the primary copper smelter located in Hayden, Gila County, Arizona at latitude 33º0'15"N and longitude 110º46'31"W.

7. "Main Stack" means the center and annular portions of the 1,000-foot stack, which vents controlled off-gases from the INCO flash furnace, the converters, and anode furnaces and also vents exhaust from the tertiary hoods.

8. "SCFM" means standard cubic feet per minute.

9. "SLAMS monitor" means an ambient air monitor part of the State and Local Air Monitoring Stations network operated by State or local agencies for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

10. "Smelting process-related fugitive lead emissions" means uncaptured and/or uncontrolled lead emissions that are released into the atmosphere from smelting copper in the INCO flash furnace, converters, and anode furnaces.

C. Emission limit. Main Stack lead emissions shall not exceed 0.683 pound of lead per hour.

D. Operational Standards.

1. Process equipment and control device operations. At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate smelter processes and associated emission capture and/or control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing lead emissions to the level required by subsection (C). Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used shall be based on all information available to the Department and EPA Region IX, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures and records, and inspection of the relevant equipment.

2. Capture system and control device operations and maintenance plan. The owner or operator shall develop and implement an operations and maintenance plan for each capture system and/or control device used to ventilate or control process gas or emissions from the flash furnace, including matte tapping, slag skimming and slag return operations; converter primary hoods, converter secondary hoods, tertiary ventilation system; and anode refining operations. The operations and maintenance plan must address the following requirements as applicable to each capture system and/or control device.

a. Monitoring devices. The plan shall provide for installation, operation, calibration, and maintenance of appropriate monitoring devices to measure and record operating limit values or settings at all times the required capture and control system is operating, except during periods of monitor calibration, repair, and malfunction. The initial plan shall provide for volumetric flow monitoring on the vent gas baghouse (inlet or outlet), each converter primary hood, each converter secondary hood, the tertiary ventilation system, and the anode furnace baghouse (inlet or outlet). All monitoring devices shall be accurate within +/- 10 percent and calibrated according to manufacturer's instructions. If direct measurement of the exhaust flow is infeasible due to physical limitations or exhaust characteristics, the owner or operator may propose a reliable equivalent method for approval. Initial monitoring may be adjusted as provided in subsection (D)(2)(e). Dampers that are manually set and remain in the same position while the capture system is operating are exempt from these monitoring requirements. Capture system damper position setting(s) shall be specified in the plan.

b. Operational limits. The owner or operator shall establish operating limits in the operations and maintenance plan for the capture systems and/or control devices that are representative and reliable indicators of the performance of the capture system and control device operations. Initial operating limits may be adjusted as provided in subsection (D)(2)(e). Initial operating limits shall include the following:

i. A minimum air flow for the furnace ventilation system and associated damper positions for each matte tapping hood or slag skimming hood when operating to ensure that the operation(s) are within the confines or influence of the capture system.

ii. A minimum air flow for the secondary hood baghouse and associated damper positions for each slag return hood to ensure that the operation is within the confines or influence of the capture system's ventilation draft during times when the associated process is operating.

iii. A minimum air infiltration ratio for the converter primary hoods of 1:1 averaged over 24 converter Blowing hours, rolled hourly measured as volumetric flow in primary hood less the volumetric flow of tuyere Blowing compared to the volumetric flow of tuyere Blowing.

iv. A minimum secondary hood exhaust rate of 35,000 SCFM during converter Blowing, averaged over 24 converter Blowing hours, rolled hourly.

v. A minimum secondary hood exhaust rate of 133,000 SCFM during all non-Blowing operating hours, averaged over 24 non-Blowing hours, rolled hourly.

vi. A minimum negative pressure drop across the secondary hood when the doors are closed equivalent to 0.007 inches of water.

vii. A minimum exhaust rate on the tertiary hooding of 400,000 ACFM during all times material is processed in the converter aisle, averaged over 24 hours and rolled hourly.

viii. Fan amperes or minimum air flow for the anode furnace baghouse and associated damper positions for each anode furnace hood to ensure that the anode furnace off-gas port is within the confines or influence of the capture system's ventilation draft during times when the associated furnace is operating.

ix. The anode furnace charge mouth shall be kept covered when the tuyeres are submerged in the metal bath except when copper is being charged to or transferred from the furnace.

c. Preventative maintenance. The owner or operator shall perform preventative maintenance on each capture system and control device according to written procedures specified in the operations and maintenance plan. The procedures must include a preventative maintenance schedule that is consistent with the manufacturer's or engineer's instructions, or operator's experience working with the equipment, and frequency for routine and long-term maintenance. This provision does not prohibit additional maintenance beyond that required by the plan.

d. Inspections. The owner or operator shall perform inspections in accordance with written procedures in the operations and maintenance plan for each capture system and control device that are consistent with the manufacturer's, engineer's, or operator's instructions for each system and device.

e. Plan development and revisions.

i. The owner or operator shall develop and keep current the plan required by this Section. Any plan or plan revision shall be consistent with this Section, shall be designed to ensure that the capture and control system performance conforms to the attainment demonstration in the Hayden 2008 Lead National Ambient Air Quality Standards Nonattainment Area State Implementation Plan (SIP), and shall be submitted to the Department for review. Any plan or plan revision submitted shall include the associated manufacturer's, engineer's or operator's recommendations and/or instructions used for capture system and control device operations and maintenance.

ii. The owner or operator shall submit the initial plan to the Department no later than May 1, 2018 and shall include the initial volumetric flow monitoring provisions in subsection (D)(2)(a), the initial operational limits in subsection (D)(2)(b), the preventative maintenance procedures in subsection (D)(2)(c), and the inspection procedures in subsection (D)(2)(d).

iii. The owner or operator shall submit to the Department for approval a plan revision with changes, if any, to the initial volumetric flow monitoring provisions in subsection (D)(2)(a) and initial operational limits in subsection (D)(2)(b) not later than six months after completing a fugitive emissions study conducted in accordance with Appendix 14. The Department shall submit the approved changes to the volumetric flow monitoring provisions and operational limits pursuant to this subsection to EPA Region IX as a SIP revision not later than 12 months after completion of a fugitive emissions study.

iv. Other plan revisions may be submitted at any time when necessary. All plans and plan revisions shall be designed to achieve operation of the capture system and/or control device consistent with the attainment demonstration in the Hayden 2008 Lead National Ambient Air Quality Standards Nonattainment Area SIP. Except for changes to the volumetric flow monitoring provisions in subsection (D)(2)(a) and operational limits in subsection (D)(2)(b), which shall require prior approval, plans and plan revisions may be implemented upon submittal and shall remain in effect until superseded or until disapproved by the Department. Disapprovals are appealable Department actions.

3. Emissions from the anode furnace baghouse stack shall be routed to the Main Stack.

E. Performance Test Requirements.

1. Main stack performance tests. No later than 180 calendar days after completion of all Converter Retrofit Project improvements authorized by Significant Permit Revision No. 60647, the owner or operator shall conduct initial performance tests on the following:

a. the gas stream exiting the anode furnaces baghouse prior to mixing with other gas streams routed to the Main Stack.

b. the gas stream exiting the acid plant at a location prior to mixing with other gas streams routed to the Main Stack.

c. the gas stream exiting the secondary baghouse at a location prior to mixing with other gas streams routed to the Main Stack.

d. the gas stream collected by the tertiary hooding at a location prior to mixing with other gas streams routed to the Main Stack.

e. the gas stream exiting the vent gas baghouse at a location prior to mixing with other gas streams routed to the Main Stack.

2. Subsequent performance tests on the gas streams specified in subsection (E)(1) shall be conducted at least annually.

3. Performance tests shall be conducted under such conditions as the Department specifies to the owner or operator based on representative performance of the affected sources and in accordance with 40 CFR 60, Appendix A, Reference Method 29.

4. At least 30 calendar days prior to conducting a performance test pursuant to subsection (E)(1), the owner or operator shall submit a test plan, in accordance with R18-2-312(B) and the Arizona Testing Manual, to the Department for approval. The test plan must include the following:

a. Test duration;

b. Test location(s);

c. Test method(s), including those for test method performance audits conducted in accordance with subsection (E)(6); and

d. Source operation and other parameters that may affect the test result.

5. The owner or operator may use alternative or equivalent performance test methods as defined in 40 CFR § 60.2 when approved by the Department and EPA Region IX, as applicable, prior to the test.

6. The owner or operator shall include a test method performance audit during every performance test in accordance with 40 CFR § 60.8(g).

F. Compliance Demonstration Requirements.

1. For purposes of determining compliance with the Main Stack emission limit in subsection (C), the owner or operator shall calculate the combined lead emissions in pounds per hour from the gas streams identified in subsection (E)(1) based on the most recent performance tests conducted in accordance with subsection (E).

2. The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the requirements in subsection (D)(2) as follows:

a. Maintaining and operating the emissions capture and control equipment in accordance with the capture system and control device operations and maintenance plan required in subsection (D)(2) and recording operating parameters for capture and control equipment as required in subsection (D)(2)(b); and

b. Conducting a fugitive emissions study in accordance with Appendix 14 starting not later than 6 months after completion of the Converter Retrofit Project authorized by Significant Permit Revision No. 60647. The fugitive emissions study shall demonstrate, as set forth in Appendix 14, that fugitive emissions from the smelter are consistent with estimates used in the attainment demonstration in the Hayden 2008 Lead National Ambient Air Quality Standards Nonattainment Area SIP.

3. The owner or operator shall include periods of startup, shutdown, malfunction, or other upset conditions when determining compliance with the emission limit in subsection (C).

G. Recordkeeping. The owner or operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years and keep on-site for at least two years:

1. All records as specified in the operations and maintenance plan required under subsection (D)(2).

2. All records of major maintenance activities and inspections conducted on emission units, capture systems, monitoring devices, and air pollution control equipment, including those set forth in the operations and maintenance plan required by subsection (D)(2).

3. All records of performance tests, test plans, and audits required by subsection (E).

4. All records of compliance calculations required by subsection (F).

5. All records of fugitive emission studies and study protocols conducted in accordance with Appendix 14.

6. All records of the occurrence and duration of any startup, shutdown, or malfunction in the operation of concentrate drying, smelting, converting, anode refining, and casting emission units; and any malfunction of the associated air pollution control equipment that is inoperative or not operating correctly.

7. All records of reports and notifications required by subsection (H).

H. Reporting. The owner or operator shall provide the following to the Department:

1. Notification of commencement of construction of any equipment necessary to comply with the operational or emission limits.

2. Semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment postmarked by July 30 for the preceding January-June period and January 30 for the preceding July-December period.

3. Notification of initial startup of any such equipment within 15 business days of such startup.

4. Whenever the owner or operator becomes aware of any exceedance of the emission limit set forth in subsection (C), the owner or operator shall notify the Department orally or by electronic or facsimile transmission as soon as practicable, but no later than two business days after the owner or operator first knew of the exceedance.

5. Within 30 days after the end of each calendar-year quarter, the owner or operator shall submit a quarterly report to the Department for the preceding quarter that shall include dates, times, and descriptions of deviations when the owner or operator operated smelting processes and related control equipment in a manner inconsistent with the operations and maintenance plan required by subsection (D)(2).

6. Reports from performance testing conducted pursuant to subsection (E) shall be submitted to the Department within 60 calendar days of completion of the performance test. The reports shall be submitted in accordance with the Arizona Testing Manual and A.A.C. R18-2-312(A).

Ariz. Admin. Code § R18-2-B1301

New Section made by final rulemaking at 23 A.A.R. 767, effective 4/7/2017.