Opinion
2:12-cr-00300-JAD-GWF
01-04-2017
United States of America, Respondent/Plaintiff v. Charles Alonzo Yancy, Petitioner/Defendant
Order Staying Case
On December 27, 2016, petitioner Charles Alonzo Yancy filed a motion to vacate his 120-month sentence for possession of a stolen firearm, arguing that his sentence was illegally enhanced under the sentencing guidelines' career-offender provision in light of the United States Supreme Court's decision in Johnson v. United States, in which the Court held that the ACCA's similarly worded residual clause is unconstitutionally vague. Rule 4 of the Rules Governing Section 2255 Cases in the United States District Court directs me to promptly examine § 2255 motions and, unless it plainly appears that the movant is not entitled to relief, direct the government to file a response.
Johnson v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 2551 (2015).
ECF No. 48.
In June 2016, the United States Supreme Court granted certiorari in Beckles v. United States, Case Number 15-8544, to decide, in relevant part, whether Johnson requires invalidation of USSG § 4B1.2(a)(2)'s residual clause and, if so, whether this applies retroactively to collateral-review cases challenging sentences enhanced under that provision. On November 28, 2016, the Court heard oral argument in Beckles and the case was submitted for review. Because Beckles is under submission and potentially dispositive of petitioner's motion to vacate, I decline to direct the government to file a response at this time and I stay all proceedings in this case pending the Supreme Court's decision in Beckles.
Discussion
A district court has the inherent power to stay cases to control its docket and promote the efficient use of judicial resources. When determining whether to stay a case pending the resolution of another case, I must consider (1) the possible damage that may result from a stay, (2) any "hardship or inequity" that a party may suffer if required to go forward, and (3) "the orderly course of justice measured in terms of the simplifying or complicating of issues, proof, and questions of law" that a stay will engender. On balance, I find that these factors favor a stay here.
Landis v. N. Am. Co., 299 U.S. 248, 254-55 (1936); Dependable Highway Exp., Inc. v. Navigators Ins. Co., 498 F.3d 1059, 1066 (9th Cir. 2007).
Lockyer v. Mirant Corp., 398 F.3d 1098, 1110 (9th Cir. 2005). --------
Petitioner's motion hinges on Johnson's retroactive application to the residual clause of § 4B 1.2(a)(2). The Beckles decision is thus almost certain to determine whether petitioner has a cognizable claim under § 2255. I have no less than ten cases in which defendants have filed § 2255 motions seeking to challenge their § 4B1.2(a)(2)-enhanced sentences based on Johnson. Staying this case pending the Supreme Court's decision in Beckles will permit the parties to present arguments and evidence in the context of complete and resolved precedent, and it will allow me to evaluate petitioner's claim in light of this imminently anticipated legal authority. A stay pending the decision in Beckles will thus simplify the proceedings and promote the efficient use of the parties' and the court's limited resources.
Issuing a briefing schedule in this case before the Supreme Court decides the issues presented in Beckles could also impose a hardship on both parties. A stay will prevent unnecessary and premature briefing on these issues before the parties have the benefit of the Supreme Court's legal analysis and decision.
The only potential prejudice that may result from a stay is that both parties will have to wait longer for resolution of this case. But a delay would also result from the new briefing that would very likely be needed after the Supreme Court issues its decision in Beckles. So a stay pending the decision will not necessarily lengthen the life of this case, and any possible damage that a stay may cause is minimal.
The stay pending the decision will also not be indefinite. The length of this stay is tied to the Supreme Court's issuance of its decision in Beckles, a case that has already been argued and submitted and will be decided this term. Once the decision is issued, either party may move to lift the stay.
Conclusion
Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that this case is STAYED until the Supreme Court issues a decision in Beckles v. United States, Case Number 15-8544. Once the decision issues, either party may move to lift the stay.
Dated this 4th day of January, 2017.
/s/_________
Jennifer A. Dorsey
United States District Judge