Opinion
No. 13-02-234-CR.
Opinion delivered and filed April 29, 2004. DO NOT PUBLISH. Tex.R.App.P. 47.2(b).
On appeal from the County Court at Law No. 2 of Cameron County, Texas.
Before Chief Justice VALDEZ and Justices RODRIGUEZ and GARZA.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Appellant, Virginia Lee Mathers, was tried before a jury and convicted of driving while intoxicated. The trial court assessed a sentence of six months confinement in county jail, probated for fourteen months, and a $550.00 fine. The trial court has certified that this case "is not a plea-bargain case, and the defendant has the right of appeal." See TEX. R. APP. P. 25.2(a)(2). By three issues appellant contends: (1) the trial court erred by failing to grant appellant's motion for directed verdict; (2) appellant was denied effective assistance of counsel; and (3) the trial court erred when it refused to grant appellant's objection to the State's improper jury argument. We affirm.
I. FACTS
As this is a memorandum opinion and the parties are familiar with the facts, we will not recite them here except as necessary to advise the parties of the Court's decision and the basic reasons for it. See TEX. R. APP. P. 47.4.II. MOTION FOR DIRECTED VERDICT
In her first issue, appellant contends the trial court erred by failing to grant her motion for directed verdict. Specifically, appellant argues that the evidence was insufficient to establish that she was intoxicated beyond a reasonable doubt. We treat a point of error complaining about a trial court's failure to grant a motion for directed verdict as a challenge to the legal sufficiency of the evidence. Williams v. State, 937 S.W.2d 479, 482 (Tex.Crim.App. 1996); Cook v. State, 858 S.W.2d 467, 470 (Tex.Crim.App. 1993). In reviewing the legal sufficiency of the evidence, we view all the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict in order to determine whether any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 (1979); Burden v. State, 55 S.W.3d 608, 612 (Tex.Crim.App. 2001); Perales v. State, 117 S.W.3d 434, 440 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 2003, no pet.). We consider all evidence that sustains the conviction, whether properly or improperly admitted. Conner v. State, 67 S.W.3d 192, 197 (Tex.Crim. App. 2001) (citing Garcia v. State, 919 S.W.2d 370, 378 (Tex.Crim.App. 1994)). Because the jury solely judges the weight and credibility of the evidence, we must review the evidence as already scrutinized and resolve any inconsistencies in favor of the verdict. See Moreno v. State, 755 S.W.2d 866, 867 (Tex.Crim.App. 1988). The record reflects that Border Patrol Agent Micah Snyder observed appellant driving at an excessive rate of speed and swerving erratically shortly before sideswiping another vehicle. The two damaged cars entered a parking lot and Agent Snyder followed to see if anyone was injured. In speaking with appellant, Agent Snyder observed that she was swearing profusely, stumbling, slurring her speech, and that her eyes were bloodshot. He also detected a strong odor of alcohol emanating from appellant. Brownsville Police Officer Eliezer Garcia arrived as Sergeant Massey was administering a field sobriety test. Officer Garcia also observed that appellant had slurred speech, bloodshot eyes, breath which smelled of alcohol, and that she was swaying as she stood speaking with another officer. Sergeant Massey informed Officer Garcia that appellant had failed the field sobriety test, and appellant was placed under arrest. There was testimony at trial from appellant's husband and appellant's neighbor that she drank at least one or two glasses of wine at dinner shortly before the accident. Appellant testified that she drank two glasses of wine but that she had good control of her physical and mental faculties. Viewing all the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, we find that any rational trier of fact could have found appellant intoxicated beyond a reasonable doubt. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319; see also Annis v. State, 578 S.W.2d 406, 407 (Tex.Crim.App. 1979) (holding that testimony of an officer as to intoxication is sufficient to establish the element). Appellant's first issue is overruled.III. INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL
In her second issue, appellant contends she was denied effective assistance of counsel. Specifically, appellant argues that trial counsel was ineffective because he failed to file a motion to quash and failed to object to inadmissable hearsay.A. Standard of Review
The United States Supreme Court and the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals have promulgated a two-prong test to determine whether representation was so inadequate that it violated a defendant's sixth amendment right to counsel. See, e.g., Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984); Hernandez v. State, 726 S.W.2d 53, 54-55 (Tex.Crim.App. 1986); Munoz v. State, 24 S.W.3d 427, 433 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 2000, no pet.). To establish ineffective assistance of counsel, appellant must show: (1) her attorney's representation fell below an objective standard of reasonableness; and (2) there is a reasonable probability that, but for her attorney's errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687; Stone v. State, 17 S.W.3d 348, 349-50 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 2000, pet. ref'd). Appellant has the burden of proving ineffective assistance of counsel by a preponderance of the evidence. See Munoz, 24 S.W.3d at 434; Stone, 17 S.W.3d at 350. An allegation of ineffective assistance of counsel will only be sustained if it is firmly founded and the record affirmatively demonstrates counsel's alleged ineffectiveness. Guzman v. State, 923 S.W.2d 792, 797 (Tex. App.-Corpus Christi 1996, no pet.). We must indulge a strong presumption that the counsel's conduct falls within the wide range of reasonable professional assistance. Jackson v. State, 877 S.W.2d 768, 771 (Tex.Crim. App. 1994). In the absence of evidence of counsel's reasons for the challenged conduct, an appellate court will assume a strategic motivation and will not conclude that the conduct was deficient unless the conduct was so outrageous that no competent attorney would have engaged in it. Garcia v. State, 57 S.W.3d 436, 440 (Tex.Crim.App. 2001); Thompson v. State, 9 S.W.3d 808, 814 (Tex.Crim.App. 1999).B. Failure to File Motion to Quash
Appellant complains trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a motion to quash the complaint and information. Appellant argues that the charging instrument failed to state the type of intoxicant used and the definition of intoxication that would be relied on by the State at trial. While appellant has offered authority demonstrating deficiencies in the information and justifying a motion to quash, she has not shown that the outcome of the trial would have been different but for trial counsel's failure to file such a motion. See Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687. Therefore, appellant has failed to meet the second prong of StricklandC. Failure to Object to Hearsay Testimony
Appellant also contends trial counsel was ineffective because he failed to object to hearsay testimony by Officer Garcia. At trial, Officer Garcia testified that after Sergeant Massey performed the field sobriety test, "[h]e walked over to me and pretty much gave me the results of [Virginia Mather's] test and said that she had failed the exam." Trial counsel made no objection to this statement. However, the record is silent as to the reasons for counsel's decision not to object to the hearsay statement. Because of the strong presumption that trial counsel's conduct falls within the wide range of reasonable professional assistance and that such conduct might be sound trial strategy, see Garcia, 57 S.W.3d at 440, we find appellant failed to meet her burden of showing that her trial counsel's assistance was ineffective. Appellant's second issue is overruled.IV. IMPROPER CLOSING ARGUMENT
In her final issue appellant contends the trial court erred when it refused to grant appellant's objection to the State's improper jury argument. The State made the following comment during its closing argument:But you heard the officer — you heard Officer Garcia and you heard the agent both come up here and testify that they talked to the people in that car. They seemed fine. Nobody was cited. They weren't cited for swerveing [sic] out of their lane. They weren't arrested for DWI. They were suspected of DWI. They were let go. The one who was stopped here was the defendant. She was the one that they took out for DWI.Appellant argues that by making this argument the State was inferring that appellant was guilty because she was arrested. Proper jury argument must encompass one of the following: (1) summation of the evidence presented at trial; (2) reasonable deduction drawn from that evidence; (3) answer to the opposing counsel's argument; or (4) a plea for law enforcement. Jackson v. State, 17 S.W.3d 664, 673 (Tex.Crim.App. 2000) (citing McFarland v. State, 845 S.W.2d 824, 844 (Tex.Crim.App. 1992)). Because we find the State's closing argument was a proper summation of the evidence, the trial court did not err by refusing to grant appellant's objection. Appellant's final issue is overruled.