Opinion
2015-05-27
HSBC BANK USA, etc., respondent, v. Carla DESROUILLERES, et al., defendants, Daphnee Doresca, appellant.
Daphnee Doresca, Westbury, N.Y., appellant pro se. Hogan Lovells US, LLP, New York, N.Y. (David Dunn, Chava Brandriss, and Afiya M. Jordan of counsel), for respondent.
Daphnee Doresca, Westbury, N.Y., appellant pro se. Hogan Lovells US, LLP, New York, N.Y. (David Dunn, Chava Brandriss, and Afiya M. Jordan of counsel), for respondent.
RUTH C. BALKIN, J.P., L. PRISCILLA HALL, ROBERT J. MILLER, and COLLEEN D. DUFFY, JJ.
In an action to foreclose a mortgage, the defendant Daphnee Doresca appeals from an order of the Supreme Court, Nassau County (Winslow, J.), dated September 15, 2013, which denied her motion, inter alia, to intervene as a party and, in effect, for leave to vacate a judgment of foreclosure and sale entered December 17, 2008, upon her failure to appear or answer the complaint.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed, with costs.
In 2008, the plaintiff commenced this action to foreclose a mortgage after one of the defendants, Carla Desrouilleres, defaulted on her residential mortgage loan for the subject premises. Desrouilleres never answered or appeared in this action. As relevant here, an affidavit of service was filed with the court averring that another defendant, Daphnee Doresca, who had an interest in the premises, also had been served in this action, pursuant to CPLR 308(4), by “nail and mail” at the premises.
Thereafter, the plaintiff moved, inter alia, for leave to amend the caption to change the names of the John Doe defendants in the caption to, among others, Daphnee Doresca, and for leave to enter a judgment of foreclosure and sale upon the defendants' failure to appear or answer the complaint. In September 2008, the Supreme Court granted the plaintiff's motion. A judgment of foreclosure and sale was entered December 17, 2008.
In 2009, Doresca commenced a separate action against Desrouilleres, inter alia, to quiet title to the subject premises (hereinafter the related action). In the related action, the Supreme Court granted Doresca's motion to temporarily stay the foreclosure sale of the subject premises in the instant action. Thereafter, in an order dated January 30, 2013, in the related action, the court granted Doresca's motion for leave to enter a default judgment and for title to the premises. On April 11, 2013, the court amended that order to indicate that Doresca's title to the premises was subject to the plaintiff's mortgage lien, and the stay of the foreclosure sale in this action was lifted.
Thereafter, 4 1/2 years after the December 2008 judgment of foreclosure and sale in this action in favor of the plaintiff had been entered, Doresca moved in this action, pursuant to CPLR 1012 and 1013, for leave to intervene as a party, to stay the foreclosure sale, and, in effect, for leave to vacate the judgment. Doresca contended that the court never acquired personal jurisdiction over her because she was not properly served with process, and that, therefore, her rights were unaffected by the December 2008 judgment of foreclosure. In the order appealed from, the Supreme Court denied Doresca's motion.
Contrary to Doresca's contention, personal jurisdiction over her in this action attached when service on her was effected ( see Green v. Gross & Levin LLP, 101 A.D.3d 1079, 1080, 958 N.Y.S.2d 399; 425 E. 26th St. Owners Corp. v. Beaton, 50 A.D.3d 845, 845–846, 858 N.Y.S.2d 188). The affidavit of the process server constituted prima facie evidence of proper service pursuant to CPLR 308(4) ( see 425 E. 26th St. Owners Corp. v. Beaton, 50 A.D.3d at 845–846, 858 N.Y.S.2d 188; Christiana Bank & Trust Co. v. Eichler, 94 A.D.3d 1170, 1170–1171, 942 N.Y.S.2d 241). Doresca's conclusory denial of service failed to rebut this presumption of proper service ( see Francis v. Francis, 48 A.D.3d 512, 852 N.Y.S.2d 259; Remington Invs. v. Seiden, 240 A.D.2d 647, 658 N.Y.S.2d 696; see also NYCTL 2009–A Trust v. Tsafatinos, 101 A.D.3d 1092, 956 N.Y.S.2d 571; cf. Ariowitsch v. Johnson, 114 A.D.2d 184, 185–186, 498 N.Y.S.2d 891). Accordingly, Doresca failed to establish that personal jurisdiction had not been acquired over her as a party defendant.
A nonparty to an action may seek intervention as of right pursuant to CPLR 1012, or by permission of the court pursuant to CPLR 1013 ( see Borst v. International Paper Co., 121 A.D.3d 1343, 1346, 995 N.Y.S.2d 769). Since Doresca was already a party, that branch of her motion was unnecessary ( see Donas v. European Am. Bank & Trust Co., 106 Misc.2d 437, 439, 431 N.Y.S.2d 873 [Sup.Ct., N.Y. County] ). In any event, although Doresca's motion was denominated as a motion for leave to intervene, in effect, she sought leave to vacate the judgment of foreclosure and sale entered December 12, 2008, upon her failure to appear or answer the complaint, and to stay the foreclosure sale in this action. However, Doresca failed to establish either the requisites of CPLR 317 or 5015 for vacatur of her default.
Pursuant to CPLR 317, “[a] person served with a summons other than by personal delivery to him [or her] or to his [or her] agent for service designated under rule 318, within or without the state, who does not appear may be allowed to defend the action” by seeking to vacate a default judgment within one year of learning of the judgment upon demonstrating a potentially meritorious defense ( seeCPLR 317; Matter of Rockland Bakery, Inc. v. B.M. Baking Co., Inc., 83 A.D.3d 1080, 1082, 923 N.Y.S.2d 572; Winters v. Albany Executive House Apt., 102 A.D.2d 985, 477 N.Y.S.2d 794; Exchange Leasing Corp. v. Roycliff Hired Car Serv., 47 A.D.2d 609, 363 N.Y.S.2d 821). Although a movant need not show a reasonable excuse for a delay in making the motion ( see Eugene Di Lorenzo, Inc. v. A.C. Dutton Lbr. Co., 67 N.Y.2d 138, 142, 501 N.Y.S.2d 8, 492 N.E.2d 116; Matter of Rockland Bakery, Inc. v. B.M. Baking Co., Inc., 83 A.D.3d at 1081, 923 N.Y.S.2d 572), the movant must still demonstrate, and the court must find, that “it did not receive actual notice of the summons and complaint in time to defend the action” ( 393 Lefferts Partners, LLC v. New York Ave. at Lefferts, LLC, 68 A.D.3d 976, 976–977, 890 N.Y.S.2d 330; seeCPLR 317; Wassertheil v. Elburg, LLC, 94 A.D.3d 753, 753, 941 N.Y.S.2d 679; Matter of Rockland Bakery, Inc. v. B.M. Baking Co., Inc., 83 A.D.3d at 1081, 923 N.Y.S.2d 572; Franklin v. 172 Aububon Corp., 32 A.D.3d 454, 455, 819 N.Y.S.2d 785). Here, Doresca was aware of the judgment of foreclosure and sale at least as early as August 2009, when she moved in the related action for a stay of this action. In addition, Doresca failed to demonstrate that she did not receive actual notice of the summons and complaint in time to defend the action ( seeCPLR 317; Matter of Rockland Bakery, Inc. v. B.M. Baking Co., Inc., 83 A.D.3d at 1081–1082, 923 N.Y.S.2d 572; 393 Lefferts Partners, LLC v. New York Ave. at Lefferts, LLC, 68 A.D.3d at 976–977, 890 N.Y.S.2d 330).
Moreover, Doresca failed to demonstrate that she had a potentially meritorious defense to the action ( see Thakurdyal v. 341 Scholes St., LLC, 50 A.D.3d 889, 890, 855 N.Y.S.2d 641; New York Hosp. Med. Ctr. of Queens v. Insurance Co. of State of Pa., 16 A.D.3d 391, 392, 791 N.Y.S.2d 145). For that same reason, vacatur pursuant to CPLR 5015 also is unavailable here ( seeCPLR 5015[a] [1]; Melish v. Melish, 267 A.D.2d 218, 699 N.Y.S.2d 305; Starr Block Co. v. Tedesco, 146 A.D.2d 692, 538 N.Y.S.2d 463; Matter of Casey, 145 A.D.2d 632, 632, 536 N.Y.S.2d 158; see also Matter of Coates v. Lee, 32 A.D.3d 539, 819 N.Y.S.2d 837).
As there was no basis to vacate Doresca's default, the Supreme Court also properly denied that branch of her motion which was to stay the foreclosure sale in this action ( see Getz v. Stuyvesant Manor, 194 A.D.2d 589, 599 N.Y.S.2d 988; Shorehaven Assoc. v. King, 184 A.D.2d 764, 587 N.Y.S.2d 190).
In light of the foregoing, we need not consider Doresca's remaining contentions.