Opinion
09-30-2016
Bryan W. CUMMINGS, Plaintiff–Respondent, v. Doo Wha SUNG, Defendant–Appellant.
Barclay Damon, LLP, Albany (Jonathan H. Bard of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Martin J. Zuffranieri, Williamsville, for Plaintiff–Respondent.
Barclay Damon, LLP, Albany (Jonathan H. Bard of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.
Martin J. Zuffranieri, Williamsville, for Plaintiff–Respondent.
PRESENT: PERADOTTO, J.P., CARNI, DEJOSEPH, NEMOYER, AND CURRAN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:Plaintiff commenced this Labor Law and common-law negligence action seeking damages for the amputation of his thumb while using a table saw at defendant's house. At the time of the accident, plaintiff was working as a laborer on defendant's renovation project. We conclude that Supreme Court properly denied defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint. With regard to the third cause of action, which alleges a violation of Labor Law § 241(6), we conclude that defendant failed to meet his burden of establishing as a matter of law that he is entitled to the benefit of the statutory homeowner's exemption from liability, and we further conclude, in any event, that plaintiff raised a triable issue of fact. On this record, it cannot be determined as a matter of law whether defendant directed or controlled the method and manner of the work being done on the house, including the work being carried out by plaintiff at the time of the accident (see Rodriguez v. Gany, 82 A.D.3d 863, 864–865, 918 N.Y.S.2d 187 ; Acosta v. Hadjigavriel, 18 A.D.3d 406, 406–407, 794 N.Y.S.2d 445 ; see also Pavon v. Koral, 113 A.D.3d 830, 831, 979 N.Y.S.2d 401 ).
We likewise conclude that defendant failed to meet his burden of establishing his entitlement to judgment as a matter of law with respect to the first and second causes of action, which allege defendant's common-law negligence and violation of Labor Law § 200 in failing to provide plaintiff with a safe place to work. There are triable issues of fact concerning whether defendant lacked the authority to direct, supervise, or control plaintiff and his work and whether defendant was free from negligence in the occurrence of the accident (see Biscup v. E.W. Howell, Co., Inc., 131 A.D.3d 996, 998, 16 N.Y.S.3d 266 ; see generally Rizzuto v. L.A. Wenger Contr. Co., 91 N.Y.2d 343, 352–353, 670 N.Y.S.2d 816, 693 N.E.2d 1068 ; Comes v. New York State Elec. & Gas Corp., 82 N.Y.2d 876, 877, 609 N.Y.S.2d 168, 631 N.E.2d 110 ).
In light of the triable issues of fact noted above, we further conclude that the court erred in granting plaintiff's cross motion for partial summary judgment on the issue of defendant's liability under Labor Law §§ 200 and 241(6), and we modify the order accordingly. With respect to the latter cause of action, we note that “the violation of a specific provision of the Industrial Code, even if admitted by defendant, ‘does not establish negligence as a matter of law’ ” (Fisher v. Brown Group, 256 A.D.2d 1069, 1069, 683 N.Y.S.2d 773 ), but is “merely some evidence to be considered on the question of a defendant's negligence” (Zimmer v. Chemung County Performing Arts, 65 N.Y.2d 513, 522, 493 N.Y.S.2d 102, 482 N.E.2d 898, rearg. denied 65 N.Y.2d 1054, 494 N.Y.S.2d 1033, 484 N.E.2d 1055 ; see Rizzuto, 91 N.Y.2d at 349, 670 N.Y.S.2d 816, 693 N.E.2d 1068 ). Further, the record evinces triable issues of fact concerning whether there was culpable conduct on the part of plaintiff and whether any violation of the Industrial Code was a proximate cause of the accident (see Puckett v. County of Erie, 262 A.D.2d 964, 965, 693 N.Y.S.2d 780 ; see generally Calderon v. Walgreen Co., 72 A.D.3d 1532, 1534, 900 N.Y.S.2d 533, appeal dismissed 15 N.Y.3d 900, 912 N.Y.S.2d 568, 938 N.E.2d 1002 ).
Conflicting evidence also precludes partial summary judgment in plaintiff's favor on the section 200 cause of action. Indeed, we note that “[n]egligence actions do not ordinarily lend themselves to summary disposition” (Chilberg v. Chilberg, 13 A.D.3d 1089, 1090, 788 N.Y.S.2d 533, citing Ugarizza v. Schmieder, 46 N.Y.2d 471, 475, 414 N.Y.S.2d 304, 386 N.E.2d 1324 ). Whether a defendant's conduct fell short of the standard of ordinary care is an issue that “ ‘can rarely be decided as a matter of law’ ” (Ugarizza, 46 N.Y.2d at 475, 414 N.Y.S.2d 304, 386 N.E.2d 1324, quoting Andre v. Pomeroy, 35 N.Y.2d 361, 364, 362 N.Y.S.2d 131, 320 N.E.2d 853 ).
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously modified on the law by denying plaintiff's cross motion and as modified the order is affirmed without costs.