Ex Parte Stadter

Patent Trial and Appeal Board

Aug 3, 2016

13345102 (P.T.A.B. Aug. 3, 2016)

Notice of References Cited

Application/Control No.

13/345,102
Applicant(s)/Patent Under
Reexamination
RALPH STADTER
Examiner

Art Unit

2163

Page 1 of 1

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS

* Document Number Country Code-Number-Kind Code Date MM-YYYY

Name

Classification

A US-

B US-

C US-

D US-

E US-

F US-

G US-

H US-

I US-

J US-

K US-

L US-

M US-
FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS

* Document Number Country Code-Number-Kind Code Date MM-YYYY

Country

Name

Classification

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T
NON-PATENT DOCUMENTS
* Include as applicable: Author, Title Date, Publisher, Edition or Volume, Pertinent Pages)

U

Microsoft Computer Dictionary, 210–11, 442–43 (5th ed. 2002).

V

W

X

*A copy of this reference is not being furnished with this Office action. (See MPEP § 707.05(a).)
Dates in MM-YYYY format are publication dates. Classifications may be US or foreign.

U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
PTO-892 (Rev. 01-2001) Notice of References Cited Part of Paper No.
Microsofte
om u er
• •
1c 1onar
Fifth Edition
PUBLISHED BY
Microsoft Press
A Division of Microsoft Corporation
One Microsoft Way
Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2002019714
Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
tion about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Web site at www.microsoft.com/mspress.
Send comments to mspinput@microsoft.com.
Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, Directlnput, DirectMusic,
DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
Body Part No. X08-41929
.. •
. I
Real-Time Control Protocol
Real-Time Control Protocol n. A scalable transport con-
trol protocol that works with the Real-Time Protocol
(RTP) to monitor real-time transmissions to multiple par-
ticipants over a network-for example. during videocon-
ferencing. The Real-Time Control Protocol. or RTCP.
transmits packets of control information at regular inter-
vals and is used to determine how well information is,
being delivered to recipients. Acronrnz: RTCP. See also
Real-Time Protocol. Real-Time Streaming Protocol.
Resource Reservation Setup Protocol.
real-time operating system 11. An operating system
designed for the needs of a process-controlled en\·iron-
ment. A real-time operating system recognizes that
responses must be made and tasks handled instantly. with
no lag time. Real-time operating systems are typicall)
used as embedded systems in devices and applications
requiring time-critical reaction. such as telecommunica-
tions. air traffic control. and robotic functions. Acronrn1:
RTOS. See also real-time system.
Real-Time Protocol n. An Internet-standard network
transport protocol used in delivering real-time data. includ-
ing audio and video. The Real-Time Protocol. or RTP.
works with both unicast (single sender. single recipient) and
multicast (single sender. multiple recipients) services. RTP
is often used in conjunction with the Real-Time Control
Protocol (RTCP). which monitors delivery. Acromm: RTP.
See also Real-Time Control Protocol, Real-Time Streaming
Protocol. stream.
real-time streaming 11. The process of delivering a
streaming media file via a specialized streaming media
server using real-time streaming protocol (RTSP). With
real-time streaming. the file itself actually plays on the
streaming media server. even though it is viewed on the
computer that opened the file. Real-time streaming trans-
mits at a higher bandwidth than HTTP streaming. It is
often used to broadcast live events. such as concerts or
keynote conference addresses. See also HTTP streaming.
Real-Time Streaming Protocol 11. A control protocol
for the delivery of streamed multimedia data over Internet
Protocol (!Pl networks. The Real-Time Streaming Proto-
col. or RTSP. was developed by Columbia University. Pro-
gressive Networks. and Netscape and has been submitted
as a proposed standard to the IETF (Internet Engineering
Task Force). RTSP is designed to deliver real-time. live. or
stored audio and video efficiently over a network. It can he
used either for groups of recipients or for on-demand
·~· ...
delivery to a single recipient. Acronym: RT5F. 5t t ·"''
Advanced Streaming Format, Real-Time ProtocL1l.
Resource Reservation Setup Protocol. stream
real-time system 11. A computer and/or a "'ft\\ Jrc "> ,_
tern that reacts to events before the events become ob'L'-
lete. For example. airline collision avoidance S) stems
must process radar input. detect a possible collision. anC:
warn air traffic controllers or pilots while the) still ha\e
time to react.
RealVideo 1i. The streaming technolog) developed b)
RealNetworks. Inc .. for distributing video over intranet'
and the Internet. Real Video transmits video from a sen e
in encoded (compressed) form. The video and accompa-
nying sound are viewed on the client end with the help of
software player. RealYideo works with both IP and IP
multicasting and, as with RealAudio. does not require
transmission of complete files before playback can begn
See also RealAudio. RealPlayer. streaming.
reboot vb. To restart a computer by reloading the oper ..:!
ing system. See also boot2, cold boot. warm boot.
receipt notification 11. An e-mail feature providing lee
back to the sender that a message has been received b) ti
recipient.
receive i·b. To accept data from an external communic.
tions system. such as a local area network (LAN) or a tc
phone line. and store the data as a file.
Receive Data 11. See RXD.
rec. newsgroups n. Usenet newsgroups that are pan of:
rec. hierarchy and whose names have the prefix rec. The"'
newsgroups cover topics devoted to discussions of recreau·.
activities. hobbies. and the arts. See also newsgroup. tradiuc
newsgroup hierarchy, Usenet. Compare comp. newsgrour--
misc. newsgroups, news. newsgroups, sci. newsgroups. ".:
newsgroups, talk. newsgroups.
recompile vb. To compile a program again. usual!)
because of changes that needed to be made in the SL'C·
code in response to error messages generated by the ~
piler. See also compile.
record1 11. A data structure that is a collection of fieJ.:i,
(elements). each with its own name and type. Unlike .1f
array. whose elements all represent the same type of 1r.:
mation and are accessed using an index. the elemenb .·
record represent different types of information and arc
accessed by name. A record can be accessed as a colk~
442
unit of elements, or the elements can be accessed individu-
ally. See also array, data structure, type1 (definition I).
record2 vb. To retain information, usually in a file.
record format n. See record structure.
record head n. The device in a tape machine that places
data on the tape. In some tape machines, the record head is
combined with the read head.
record layout n. The organization of data fields within a
record. See also record 1•
record length n. The amount of storage space required to
contain a record, typically given in bytes. See also record 1.
record locking n. A strategy employed in distributed pro-
cessing and other multiuser situations to prevent more
than one user at a time from writing data to a record. See
also record1.
record number n. A unique number assigned to a record
in a database in order to identify it. A record number can
identify an existing record by its position (for example, the
tenth record from the beginning of a database), or it can be
assigned to the record to serve as a key (for example, the
number 00742 assigned to the tenth record from the begin-
ning of the database). See also record'.
record structure n. An ordered list of the fields that
compose a record, together with a definition of the domain
(acceptable values) of each field. See also record 1•
recover vb. 1. To return to a stable condition after some
error has occurred. A program recovers from an error by
stabilizing itself and resuming execution of instructions
without user intervention. 2. To put back into a stable con-
dition. A computer user may be able to recover lost or
damaged data by using a program to search for and sal-
vage whatever information remains in storage. A database
may be recovered by restoring its integrity after some
problem has damaged it, such as abnormal termination of
the database management program.
recoverable error n. An error that can be successfully
managed by software. For example, when the user enters a
number when a letter is required, the program can simply
display an error message and prompt the user again.
recovery n. The restoration of lost data or the reconcilia-
tion of conflicting or erroneous data after a system failure.
Recovery is often achieved using a disk or tape backup
and system logs. See also backup.
· · ···: · fed.gre~blue
Recreational Software Advisory Council n. An inde-
pendent, nonprofit organization established in the fall of
1994 by a group of six trade organizations, led by the Soft-
ware Publishers Association. The Council's goal was to
create a new, objective content-labeling rating system for
recreational software and other media such as the Internet.
Acronym: RSAC.
443
rectangle ad n. An Internet ad format that is larger than a
traditional banner ad and is generally inserted directly into
page content for greater visibility.
rectifier n. A circuit component that passes current flow-
ing in one direction but stops current flowing in the other
direction. Rectifiers are used to convert alternating current
to direct current.
recto n. The right-hand page of two facing pages. A recto
is characteristically an odd-numbered page. Compare verso.
recursion n. The ability of a routine to call itself. Recur-
sion enables certain algorithms to be implemented with
small, simple routines, but it does not guarantee speed or
efficiency. Erroneous use of recursion can cause a pro-
gram to run out of stack space during execution, causing
the program, and sometimes the entire system, to crash.
See also call 1 (definition 2), routine.
Recycle Bin n. A folder in Windows 9x, Windows CE,
Windows NT, Windows 2000, and Windows XP repre-
sented by an icon on the screen resembling a basket deco-
rated with the recycling logo. To remove a file, the user
drags its icon to the Recycle Bin. However, a file in the
Recycle Bin is not actually deleted from the disk until the
user opens the Recycle Bin, selects the file, and presses
the Delete key; until then, the user can retrieve it. Com-
pare Trash.
Red Book n. 1. The standards documents of the U.S.
National Security Agency entitled "Trusted Network
Interpretation of the Trusted Computer System Evalua-
tion Criteria (NCSC-TG-005)" and "Trusted Network
Interpretation (NCS-TG-011 )."These documents define a
system of ratings from A 1 (most secure) to D (nonse-
cure ), indicating the ability of a computer network to pro-
tect sensitive information. Compare Orange Book
(definition 1). 2. A specifications book written by the
Sony Corporation and Philips Corporation and endorsed
by ISO, covering audio compact discs. Compare Green
Book, Orange Book (definition 2). 3. Telecommunications
standards published by the CCITT.
red-green-blue n. See RGB.
fetch
Depletion
region
Drain(+)
B.:cause light~ .i tic-;::r:- ::-::-~·...:-_._..._, .:-·n the dectromag-
netic specuum than Clho:'r ~~ :-i !':9.iiati0n. such as radi0
waves, a single fiber-optic ch3rln<:i .:an carry significantl~
more information than most olher means of information
transmission. Optical fibers are thin strands of glass or
other transparent material, with dozens or hundreds of
strands housed in a single cable. Optical fibers are essen-
tially immune to electromagnetic interference. See also
Gate(-)
Q)
c:
c:
ro
.c:
()
Source
FET. An N-channel junction field-effect transistor.
fetch vb. To retrieve an instruction or an item of data from
memory and store it in a register. Fetching is part of the
execution cycle of a microprocessor; first an instruction or
item of data must be fetched from memory and loaded into
a register, after which it can be executed (if it is an instruc-
tion) or acted upon (if it is data).
fetch time 11. See instruction time.
FF n. See form feed.
FFT 11. See fast Fourier transform.
FFTDCA 11. See Final-Form-Text DCA.
Fiber Distributed Data Interface n. See FDDI.
fiberoptic cable or fiber-optic cable 11. A form of cable
used in networks that transmits signals optically, rather
than electrically as do coaxial and twisted-pair cable. The
light-conducting heart of a fiberoptic cable is a fine glass
or plastic fiber called the core. This core is surrounded by
a refractive layer called the cladding that effectively traps
the light and keeps it bouncing along the central fiber.
Outside both the core and the cladding is a final layer of
plastic or plastic-like material called the coat, or jacket.
Fiberoptic cable can transmit clean signals at speeds as
high as 2 Gbps. Because it transmits light. not electricity,
optical fiber.
fiber to the curb n. See FTTC.
fiber to the home n. See Fil'H.
Fibonacci numbers n. In mathematics, an infinite series
in which each successive integer is the sum of the two
integers that precede it-for example, I, I, 2, 3, 5, 8. 13.
21, 34, .... Fibonacci numbers are named for the thir-
teenth-century mathematician Leonardo Fibonacci of Pisa
In computing, Fibonacci numbers are used to speed binary
searches by repeatedly dividing a set of data into groups io
accordance with successively smaller pairs of numbers in
the Fibonacci sequence. For example, a data set of 34
items would be divided into one group of 21 and another
of 13. If the item being sought is in the group of 13, the
group of 21 is discarded, and the group of 13 is divided
into groups of 5 and 8; the search would continue until the
item was located. The ratio of two successive terms in the
Fibonacci sequence converges on the Golden Ratio, a
"'magic number" that seems to represent the proportions of
an ideal rectangle. The number describes many things.
from the curve of a nautilus shell to the proportions of
playing cards or, intentionally, the Parthenon, in Athens.
Greece. See also binary search.
fiche n. See microfiche.
Fidonet n. 1. A protocol for sending e-mail, newsgroup
postings, and files over telephone lines. The protocol orig-
inated on the Fido BBS, initiated in 1984 by Tom Jen-
nings, and maintaining low costs has been a factor in its
subsequent development. Fidonet can exchange e-mail
with the Internet. 2. The network of BBSs, private com
nies, NGOs (nongovernment organizations), and individ
als that use the Fidonet protocol.
field n. 1. A location in a record in which a particular ty
of data is stored. For example, EMPLOYEE-RECORD
it is also immune to eavesdropping.
fiber optics 11. A technology for the transmission of light
beams along optical fibers. A light beam, such as that pro-
duced in a laser, can be modulated to carry information.
might contain fields to store Last-Name, First-Name,
Address. City, State, Zip-Code, Hire-Date, Current-Salaij
Title, Department, and so on. Individual fields are charac~
terized by their maximum length and the type of data (fOI
210
cumple, alphabetic, numeric, or financial) that can be
pbced in them. The facility for creating these specifica-
tions usually is contained in the data definition language
1DDL). In relational database management systems. fields
.-e called columns. 2. A space in an on-screen form where
dli: user can enter a specific item of information.
leld-programmable logic array n. An integrated circuit
, rontaining an array of logic circuits in which the con-
~ctions between the individual circuits, and thus the
:..:igic functions of the array, can be programmed after
oY1anufacture, typically at the time of installation in the
field. Programming can be performed only once, typi-
.:ally by passing high current through fusible links on
the chip. Acronym: FPLA. Also called: PLA, program-
111able logic array.
lield separator n. Any character that separates one field of
.iala from another. See also delimiter, field (definition I).
lfth-generation computer n. See computer.
lfth normal form n. See normal form (definition I).
lie n. A complete, named collection of information, such
JS a program, a set of data used by a program, or a user-
.:reated document. A file is the basic unit of storage that
.enables a computer to distinguish one set of information
from another. A file is the "glue" that binds a conglomera-
tion of instructions, numbers, words, or images into a
.:oherent unit that a user can retrieve, change. delete, save,
vr send to an output device.
file allocation table n. A table or list maintained by
some operating systems to manage disk space used for file
storage. Files on a disk are stored, as space allows, in
fixed-size groups of bytes (characters) rather than from
beginning to end as contiguous strings of text or numbers.
A single file can thus be scattered in pieces over many
separate storage areas. A file allocation table maps avail-
able disk storage space so that it can mark flawed seg-
ments that should not be used and can find and link the
pieces of a file. In MS-DOS, the file allocation table is
commonly known as the FAT. See also FAT file system.
file attribute n. A restrictive label attached to a file that
describes and regulates its use-for example. hidden, sys-
file fragment9~ion
tern, read-only, archive, and so forth. In MS-DOS, this
information is stored as part of the file's directory entry.
file backup n. See backup.
file compression 11. The process of reducing the size of a
file for transmission or storage. See also data compression.
file control block n. A small block of memory tempo-
rarily assigned by a computer's operating system to hold
information about an opened file. A file control block typ-
ically contains such information as the file's identification,
its location on a disk. and a pointer that marks the user's
current (or last) position in the file. Acronym: FCB.
file conversion 11. The process of transforming the data in
a file from one format to another without altering the
data-for example, converting a file from a word proces-
sor's format to its ASCII equivalent. In some cases, infor-
mation about the data, such as formatting, may be lost.
Another. more detailed, type of file conversion involves
changing character coding from one standard to another,
as in converting EBCDIC characters (which are used pri-
marily with mainframe computers) to ASCII characters .
See also ASCII, EBCDIC.
file extension n. See extension (definition 1).
file extent n. See extent.
file format 11. The structure of a file that defines the way
it is stored and laid out on the screen or in print. The for-
mat can be fairly simple and common, as are files stored
as ''plain" ASCII text. or it can be quite complex and
include various types of control instructions and codes
used by programs, printers, and other devices. Examples
include RTF (Rich Text Format), DCA (Document Con-
tent Architecture), PICT, DIF (Data Interchange Format),
DXF (Data Exchange File), TIFF (Tagged Image File For-
mat), and EPSF (Encapsulated PostScript Format).
file fragmentation n. 1. The breaking apart of files as
they are stored by the operating system into small, sepa-
rate segments on disk. The condition is a natural conse-
quence of enlarging files and saving them on a crowded
disk that no longer contains contiguous blocks of free
space large enough to hold them. File fragmentation is not
an integrity problem. although it can eventually slow read
and write access times ifthe disk is very full and storage is
badly fragmented. Software products are available for
redistributing (optimizing) file storage to reduce fragmen-
tation. 2. In a database, a situation in which records are not
stored in their optimal access sequence because of accu-
mulated additions and deletions of records. Most database
211