Albina Engine and Machine Works, Inc.

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Jan 18, 1945

60 N.L.R.B. 130 (N.L.R.B. 1945)

In the Matter of ALBINA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS, INC. and
CLAYTON C. JACO, AN INDIVIDUAL
Case No. 19-C-1243.-Decided January 18, 1945
DECISION
AND
ORDER
On August 22, 1944, the Trial Examiner issued his Intermediate
Report in the above-entitled proceeding, finding that the respondent
had not engaged in and was not engaging in the unfair labor practices
alleged in the complaint, and recommending that the complaint be dis-
missed,,as set forth in the copy of -the Intermediate Report annexed
hereto. Thereafter, Clayton C. Jaco filed Exceptions to the Interme-
diate Report. None of the parties requested oral argument before the
Board at Washington, D. C. The Board has considered the rulings
made by the Trial Examiner at the hearing, and finds that no preju-
dicial error was committed. The rulings are hereby affirmed.
The complaint alleged, and the case was tried on the theory, that
the respondent discriminated against the leaders of an insurgent
group within the Union by laying them off and thereafter failing to
follow the regular procedure in rehiring them because of their activi-
ties in trying to wrest the leadership from the dominant faction of the
Union. The Board has considered the Intermediate Report, the Ex-
ceptions of Jaco, and the entire record in the case, and agrees with the
Trial Examiner that the evidence is insufficient to support the allega-
tions in the complaint. Accordingly, we adopt the findings, conclu-
sions and recommendations of the Trial Examiner.
ORDER
Upon the entire record in the case, and pursuant to Section 10 (c)
.of the National Labor Relations Act, the National Labor Relations
Board hereby orders that the complaint issued herein against the re-
spondent, Albina Engine and Machine Works, Inc., Portland, Oregon,
be, and it hereby is, dismissed.
60 N. L. R. B., No. 25.
130
ALBINA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS, INC.
INTERMEDIATE REPORT
Messrs. Joseph D. Holmes and lVillun n A. Babcock, Jr., for the Board.
Mr. W. B. Shively, of Portland, Oreg., for the Respondent.
STATEMENT OF TIIE CASE
131
Upon a first amended charge duly filed on April 7, 1944, by Clayton C. Jaco,
an individual, the National Labor Relations Board, herein called the Board, by
its Regional Director for the Nineteenth Region (Seattle, Washington), issued
its complaint dated April 14,1944, against Albina Engine and Machine Works, Inc.,
herein called the Respondent, alleging that the Respondent had engaged in and
was engaging in unfair labor practices affecting commerce, within the meaning
of Section 8 (1) and Section 2 (6) and (7) of the National Labor Relations Act,
49 Stat. 449, herein called the Act. Copies of the complaint and the first amended
charge, accompanied by a notice of hearing thereon were duly served upon the
Respondent, the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders,
Welders, and Helpers of America, Local 72 (A. F. of L.), herein called the Boiler-
makers, and Clayton C. Jaco.
With respect to the alleged unfair labor practices the complaint in substance
states that the Respondent : (1) on or about July 9, 1943, discharged or terminated
the employment of Clayton C. Jaco, Russell W. Duke, Albert J. Jordan and Clyde
Ellinger,' and thereafter failed and refused to reinstate or reemploy these persons
for the reason that they and each of them had promoted, assisted and participated
in certain activities within the Boilermakers and had engaged in concerted activi-
ties with other employees of the Respondent for purposes of collective bargaining
and other mutual aid and protection ; and (2) by the foregoing acts has intertered
with, restrained, and coerced its employees in the exercise of the rights guaran-
teed in Section 7 of the Act, thereby engaging in unfair labor practices within the
meaning of Section 8 (1) of the Act. The Respondent in its answer dated April
25, 1944, admits certain facts concerning commerce but denies that it engaged in
any unfair labor practices.
Pursuant to notice, a hearing was held in Portland, Oregon, .on April 27, 28,
29, and May 1, 2, and 3, 1944, before the undersigned Trial Examiner James C.
Batten, duly designated by the Chief Trial Examiner. The Board and the Re-
spondent were represented by counsel and participated in the hearing. All parties
were afforded full opportunity to be heard, to examine and cross-examine wit-
nesses, and to introduce evidence bearing on the issues.
No oral arguments were made at the conclusion of the hearing. The under-
signed requested that the parties submit a memorandum brief within seven
days after the close of the hearing. Such briefs were filed by the Board and the
Respondent
- From the entire record thus made and from the undersigned's observation
of the witnesses, the undersigned makes in addition to the above the following:
FINDINGS OF FACT
I. THE BUSINESS OF THE RESPONDENT
The Respondent, Albina Engine and Machine Works, Inc., is an Oregon cor-
poration with its office located in Portland, Oregon, where it owns and operates
a shipyard for the construction of new vessels and leases or rents ways and
dry dock facilities for the repair and conversion of vessels. In the year 1943
the Respondent purchased raw materials, machinery, and supplies valued in
132 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
excess of $1,000,000, of which in excess of 70 percent was transported through
the channels of interstate commerce from points outside the State of Oregon.
The Respondent is engaged exclusively in the construction, conversion, and
repair of ocean-going vessels under contracts with departments and agencies of
the United States Government. These vessels have been used by the armed
services of the United States Government and by other persons and agencies to
transport goods and passengers in interstate and foreign commerce. Thevalue
of the construction, conversion, and repair work done by the Respondent during
the year. 1943 was in excess of $5,000,000.
The undersigned finds that the actvitities of the Respondent above set forth
constitute commerce within the meaning of the Act.
II. THE ORGANIZATION INVOLVED
International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders, Welders, and
Helpers of America, Local No. 72, affiliated with the American Federation of
Labor, is a labor organization admitting to membership employees of the
Respondent.
III. THE ALLEGED UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
A. The issues and contentions of the parties
The complaint alleged in substance : that on or about July 9, _ 1943, Jaco,
Duke, Jordan, and Ellinger, all members in good standing of the Boilermakers,
were employees of Respondent in its ship repair department, in positions which
it-recognized as coming:.within the jurisdicklog of that organization; that on
or about that date the Respondent discharged these individuals and thereafter
failed and refused to reinstate or reemploy them for the reason that they pro-
moted, assisted, and participated in certain activities within the Boilermakers,
and had engaged in concerted activities with other employees of Respondent for
purposes of collective bargaining, and other mutual aid and protection ; and that
by the above acts the Respondent has interfered with, restrained, and coerced
its employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed in Section 7 of the Act.
The Board contends : that the Respondent "took sides" with the "Ray faction"
then in control of the Boilermakers by not following the regular procedure in
rehiring its men after a lay-off in order to "get rid" of the above-named in-
dividuals;' that it, at the request of this, faction; enforced a new rule or
acquiesced in the invocation of an abandoned practice, to the effect that these
individuals who had been old employees should obtain a clearance or referral
slip from the Boilermakers before they could be rehired, knowing that that
organization would refuse to refer to the Respondent the above individuals who
were the leaders of the "insu"rgent faction" ; that the Respondent's decision to
permanently lay off these individuals and require them to be rehired through the
Boilermakers was initiated for the express purpose of "disposing of them."
The Respondent's answer denied the commission of any unfair labor prac-
tices and for a separate answer and defense alleged : that the number of Re-
spondent's employees in the ship repair department is wholly dependent on the
number of repair jobs on hand ; that on June 12, 1943, it had four jobs on hand
and employed 564 men and because these jobs were rapidly being completed
with no new jobs in prospect, its employees, including Jaco, Duke,, Jordan and
Ellinger; were discharged as the jobs were finished; that long prior to the
termination of the employment of these four individuals, strife 'arose between
the various factions in the Boilermakers, involving the control of that organiza-
tion and resulting in the filing of more than 15 lawsuits in the various State
ALBINA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS, INC. 133
courts ; that as a part of the intra-union strife the "Ray faction" undertook to
discipline, restrict, embarrass and curtail the "insurgent faction" led by Jaco,
Duke, Jordan, Ellinger and others ; and that it at all times has remained strictly
neutral in this dispute; that it is required under the terms of its agreement
with Portland Metal Trades Council, to obtain its employees through the hiring
halls of'the respective unions;,that subsequent to Respondent's discharge,of the
four named individuals, men in control of the Boilermakers' hiring hall failed
and refused to assign these individuals to Respondent for employment, conse-
quently it did not have an opportunity to refuse to employ them although Re-
spondent did employ a large number of boilermakers through that source ; and
the difficulties of Jaco, Duke, Jordan and Ellinger are due wholly to matters be-
tween themselves and the Boilermakers and not to any act for which the Re-
spondent is responsible. The Respondent's position may be summarized by the
following statement appearing in its brief: "we regard, ourselves as an `innocent
bystander' ; . . . drawn into this maelstrolm of contending factions within . . .
[the Boilermakers]."
B. The alleged interference, restraint, and coercion, by discrimination in regard
to hire and tenure of employment
1. Prefatory statement'
The Respondent and,-its predecessor corporations have since 1904 owned and
operated a shipyard on-the waterfront in Portland, Oregon. In this yard for
several years, the operations have been devoted entirely to the construction of
new ships-sub-chasers, tankers, landing craft, and landing control craft. Since
its organization, the Respondent has also been engaged in the repairing and
conversion of vessels. These operations have been performed at the various
docks throughout the "Portland Waterfront"' where the ship "laid" and while
there is no particular dock where the Respondent does any major portion of its
repair work, it does regularly use the City Dock and a leased "mill dock." The
business of the Respondent, new construction and repair work, is conducted as
two distinct departments each with its own superintendent and complete
hierarchy of supervisory employees-general foremen, foremen, and leadmen,
Its operations are under the management of President George Rodgers, and
Executive Vice President and General Manager H. R. Hussa, who is in direct
charge of its activities. Under Hussa's immediate supervision are superin-
tendents Wally Rovang, in charge of new construction and Henry Davies in
charge of the repair work. In the repair department, George Stoele, was, at
all times material herein, general boilermaker foreman, under whom the alleged
dischargees worked. The supervisory employees designated as superintendents,
general foremen, and foremen have the authority to hire, fire, discipline and pro-
mote employees. Leadmen do not have this authority nor do they possess
the indicia of authority customarily vested in supervisory employees.
The number of persons employed in the Respondent's repair department is
subject to rapid expansion and contraction, depending upon the number of vessels
coming into the "Portland Waterfront" for repairs. During 1931 the number
of persons employed in this work by the Respondent varied from 6 to 500. In
1938 it had for repair the largest job ever performed on the West Coast, requiring
1500 employees for a period of six months. After the completion of this job
' The facts set forth in this section unless otherwise indicated rest upon undisputed
and credible testimony
2 The term "Portland Waterfront" is commonly used by the employers and unions to
indicate ship repair work performed on the river, in the vicinity of Portland, Oregon.
Whenever this term is used in this report hereafter, it will be used with such connotation.
134 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL - LABOR - RELATIONS BOARD
there was a short period where there were few if any employees on the repair
department pay roll. In 1939 and thereafter, there was a substantial increase in
repair work on the "Portland Waterfront" and since that time, except on a few
occasions, not only the Respondent, but all of the companies engaged in ship
repairing have had an exceptionally large amount of work. However, even
during these years the number of vessels docked and allocated 3 to the Re-
spondent for repair has been somewhat "spasmodic," requiring a variation in
the number of employees of from 20 to 1200.
Since 1931 the Respondent and the Metal Trades Department of the A. F. L.
and its affiliated craft organizations have had continuous contractual relations.
In the case of the Boilermakers, the organization here involved, collective bar-
gaining agreements have been maintained for a period of 35 years, and at all
times material herein, the Respondent has recognized the Boilermakers as the
exclusive representative of certain of its employees coming within the jurisdic-
tion of that organization. The Respondent during this period has operated a
closed shop and in accordance with the terms of the agreements was required to -
secure all its employees through the different union "hiring" halls.
The Respondent's employment relations policies, at all times material herein,
were subject to the terms of a master agreement dated April 1, 1941, between
certain employers engaged in repairing vessels on the Pacific Coast and the Metal
Trades Department of the A. F. L., and a local ship repair agreement dated May
15, 1941, between the Respondent and the Portland Metal Trades Council. The
master agreement provides inter alia: that the terms therein shall be incorpo-
rated in contracts with the Local Metal Trades Councils having jurisdiction of
the port ; that a shift shall consist of 8 hours ; that leaders shall be compensated
in accordance with local practice, but in no case less than 150 per hour over the
wage of the craft they supervise.' On May 15, 1941, the companies on the "Port-
land Waterfront" engaged in the repairing of vessels and the Portland Metal
Trades Council negotiated a new "Repair Work Agreement."' This local agree-
ment provided in part: that "All men shall be hired through the office of their-re-
spective Union, or if any Union is not maintaining an office, the men shall be hired
through the office of the Metal Trades Council" ; that each shift shall consist of 8
hours ; that leadmen shall not be paid less than 250 per hour over the minimum
journeymen rate ; and that "all foremen who work with tools and leadmen shall
be practical mechanics of the trade over which they have supervision and shall
be members in good standing of the organization under whose jurisdiction they
are employed."
These agreements, to which the Respondent was a party for several years, have
provided that it must secure "all men" through the hiring hall of the Boilermakers.
This requirement resulted in the establishment of a definite hiring hall procedure.
When the Respondent desires boilermakers it places an order with the Boiler-
Prior to the "emergency" the Respondent obtained vessels needing repairs direct from
the owners, but since that time the War Shipping Administration and Maritime Commis-
sion allocates the vessels to the ship repair concerns on the West Coast.
At the time this Master Agreement was executed there was in effect an agreement
between the Respondent and the Boilermakers which provided, "Employees coming under
this Agreement shall be members, of the [Boilermakers] and shall be hired through the
Business Office of Local Lodge No. 72."
After the parties had agreed upon all the terms to be embodied in the agreement and
it had been prepared in written form for the signatures of the parties, the President of
the Portland Metal Trades Council for an undisclosed reason refused to sign the agree-
ment. However, it is undisputed that the terms of the agreement were accepted by the
companies, including the Respondent and the Council, and its affiliates, one of which was
the Boilermakers. The parties operated under the terms of the agreement, as amended,
until on or about April 1, 1944.
ALBINA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS, INC. 135
makers, indicating whether the persons are to be hired for new construction or
repair work. Upon receipt of the order the dispatcher of the Boilermakers
announces to the members present in the hiring hall that an order for men has
been received and from those available selects the men to be sent to the job.
The men so selected are furnished an "Employment Card," commonly designated
as a "dispatch slip."' The Respondent cannot employ a boilermaker unless he
'is sent to the job by the dispatcher nor can it refuse to employ him when so sent.
When the Respondent, for any reason, terminates the employment of a member
of the Boilermakers, it issues to him a "Lay-Off Card" I and in recent years also
a "Termination Clearance,"' which is notice to the organization that the member
e INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF BOILER MAKERS, IRON SHIP BUILDERS , WELDERS
AND HELPERS OF AMERICA , LODGE 72
EMPLOYMENT CARD
will report for work to
ALBINA ENGINE WORKS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Qualifications _______________________________________ Rate per hour --------
Date ---------------------- Signed -----;---------------------------------
Prior to the Boilermakers enormous increase in membership-500 to several thousands
beginning in 1939-the men were dispatched to the job without a formal "dispatch slip."
I ALBINA ENGINE & MACHINE WORKS, INC.
LAY-OFF CARD
Employee ------------------------=-------------------- No.---------------
Date of Last Day Worked -------------------------------- Hrs. -------------
Quit
1. Competent to perform higher 6. Loafing on the job -------------------
skilled work ------------- 7. Flagrant and unauthorized absence from
2 Employed for a substantial work ----------------------------
period at less than full 8. Wilful violation of safety rules --------
time ------------------- 9. Drunkenness ________-_-_____--______
3 Transportation difficulties ___ 10. Early quitting ----------------------
4. Joining armed forces _______ ---------------------------------
5 Sickness ------------------
------------------------Foreman's No. ------------- Name ----------------------------------------
Dept. -------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Superintendent ----------------------------------------------------------
Employe's Copy
e
------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------
Last name First Middle Date
-------------------- --------------------- ----------------------------
Social Security No. Badge No Occupation
-------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------
Signature of employee Union Department
TERMINATION CLEARANCE
q CLEARED NOT CLEARED q
ALBINA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS
Portland, Oregon
Signature of Company Representative
Employee Copy
136 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
is now available for other employment. In order for that person to secure other
employment it has been necessary for him to report at the hiring hall and turn
in the clearance slip before he could be dispatched to another job. If the boiler-
maker refused the job offered to him, the clearance slip was returned to him by
the Boilermakers and unless he again reported to the hiring hall, with the clear-
ance slip he could not obtain a job on the "Portland Waterfront." Prior to 1939,
due to a lack of work for all the members of the Boilermakers, the hiring pro-
cedure was rigidly enforced, to provide work for as many members as possible
under a system of rotation. Subsequent to this time when the demand for men
exceeded the supply, the procedure was somewhat relaxed where a lay off of only a
few days was necessary, while awaiting the arrival of a vessel definitely allo-
cated; but where the work on hand was completed and there had been no alloca-
tion of a vessel for repair, the regular lay off and clearance procedure was
followed.'
2. The event giving rise to the issues.10
The undersigned's determination of the issues herein may be more expedi-
tiously disposed of by first considering the variable factors in the employment
status of Jaco, Ellinger, Duke and Jordan and thereafter, to proceed by examining
certain evidence of a general nature.
(a) Employment status of Jaco, Ellinger , Duke and Jordan
Jaco has been employed by,the Respondent, after referral by the Boilermakers,
on many occasions since 1918. He worked continuously from October 1942 to
June 1943, when his employment was terminated. During this latter period,
after working for about a month as a journeyman, he was promoted to a job as
leadman. The Respondent concedes that Jaco is a competent journeyman and
that his work has always been satisfactory. Jaco has been a member of the
Boilermakers for 26 years and in that time has worked for all the companies
in Portland engaged in either the construction or repair of vessels. Jaco testi-
fied that employment, particularly in repair work with the different companies
"did not last long," making it necessary for him to go "where the job was" and
that usually the work would last for a "few weeks or a few days," then he would
wait for the next vessel -needing repairs to arrive in port. On each of these
occasions when work was completed, Jaco was laid off and rehired through
the hiring hall of the Boilermakers. Ellinger was dispatched through the hiring
hall of the Boilermakers to the Respondent's repair department on April 22,
1943 and was laid off on June 23, 1943. After working for a week as a welder,
he was made a leadman, in which job he continued until his lay off. His work
was very satisfactory.
The Board asserts that Jaco and Ellinger were foremen. The evidence fails
to support this assertion. The shifts worked by Jaco and Ellinger were the
same as that of the other leadmen and production employees, while the fore-
men's shifts required longer hours and were so arranged that their hours over-
lapped the starting and stopping time of the regular shifts. When the Re-
spondent, at the request of the Boilermakers, had to abandon its program of
two, 10 hour shifts and follow the three, 8 hour shift requirements of the
agreements, heretofore referred to, the leadmen, including Jaco and Ellinger,
worked on that basis, while the foremen continued on: a two shift basis. These
' This finding is based upon the credible testimony of Jordan, president of the Boiler-
makers and a Board witness, supported by the testimony of other credible witnesses of
the Board and the Respondent.
10 Unless otherwise indicated, the facts in this section are undisputed and are based
upon testimony which the undersigned believes to be credible.
ALBINA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS, INC. 137
individuals were paid the leader's hourly rate although they did receive a daily
time credit of 1/% hour which brought their hourly rate approximately to that
paid foremen. Jaco and Elhnger worked under the supervision of shift fore-
men. They did not perform major supervisory duties, nor did they have the
authority and responsibility vested by the Respondent- in its foremen. The
undersigned cannot believe that the Boilermakers, in view of the established
rates for leadmen and foremen, usually vigilantly guarded by labor organiza-
tions, would have permitted Jaco and Elllinger to perform the work of foremen,
unless they' were paid the proper rate. The undersigned on the basis of the
above and other relevant evidence herein, concludes and finds that Jaco and
Ellinger were not foremen but leadmen and as such were subject to the estab-
lished hiring hall procedure "
Duke was dispatched by the Boilermakers to the Respondent's ship repair
department as a journeyman on February 11, 1943, and was laid off on June
25, 1943. The Respondent concedes that he was in all respects a competent
employee. The Respondent was well aware as in the case of Jaco, Jordan and
Ellinger, of Duke's leadership in the activities of the "insurgent faction." A
day or two before Duke was employed by the Respondent, Ray, business agent
of the Boilermakers and the leader of the "Ray faction", phoned General Man-
ager Hussa, telling him that by court order, Duke would have to be referred
by the Boilermakers to a job and asked Hussa if he would accept Duke. Hussa
replied "certainly" if Duke -was sent -down, because the Respondent could not
do otherwise if he was given a "dispatch slip." Ray their suggested to Hussa
that Duke could later be fired ; to this suggestion Hussa replied that if Duke
did his work he would not be fired and that Respondent intended to "stay abso-
lutely neutral in the intra-union fight." The Respondent shortly after this con-
versation promoted Duke to a more desirable job, that of expediter. On at least
two occasions, the Respondent refused to consider Duke's offer to quit in order
to relieve the "pressure" that was being put upon the Respondent by the "Ray
faction" to discharge him.
Jordan worked for the Respondent as a journeyman from May 13, 1943, until
about the middle of June. He has been a member of the Boilermakers since
1916 and worked on the "Portland Waterfront" since 1916. On several occasions,
including May 13, 1943, Jordan was dispatched with a "clearance slip" to the
Respondent's yards. Admittedly he was a competent and fully qualified worker.
Jordan, at the time of the hearing president of the Boilermakers, testified that
when "repair work" was completed it has always been the practice, even during
the emergency to issue lay off and clearance slips to the workmen, which made
11 Jaco testified he" had authority to hire, fire, and discipline employees but- his later
testimony failed to support this broad assertion. The testimony of other Board witnesses
as well as those of the Respondent require the undersigned to reject this statement of
Jaco. Ellinger , a credible witness who held a job similar to Jaco's, testified that when he
needed men, he secured them from the foreman and if he desired to decrease his force,
for the reason that a workman was not "assuming responsibility," he would transfer them
back to the foreman. Ellinger further testified that he could not hire, fire, or discipline
employees and that-his duty- was to assign the work and see that it was properly done.
There is no evidence to indicate that Jaco or Ellinger had any authority or duties, in any
respect different than those of the other leadmen.
The undersigned further finds that assuming arguendo they were foremen at the time
of the general lay off in June 1943 the issuance of "clearance slips" to them was not dis-
criminatory, absent a showing that their services as foremen after the lay off were needed
or that others with less seniority were later engaged as foremen There is no such
evidence in the record. The evidence is clear that when the Respondent resumed repair
operations in July, the number of crews required, fully discussed hereinafter, had been
materially reduced and whether these men had been given clearance slips or not they
would not have been recalled as foremen, thus requiring a "dispatch slip" before the
Respondent could have employed them.
138 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
it necessary for them to clear through the Boilermakers and secure a dispatch
slip in order to obtain another job. The undersigned accepts this credible testi-
mony of Jordan and finds in accordance therewith, that such practice is cus-
tomary on the "Portland Waterfront."
It is conclusively clear and the undersigned finds that the Respondent has not
discriminated against Jaco, Duke, Jordan or Ellinger, with respect to the hire
or the conditions of their employment.
(b) The intra-union dispute; its effect upon Respondent's operations
The issues in this proceeding are premised upon a factional dispute among
the members of the Boilermakers
Sometime prior to the Boilermakers' election of officers in November 1942,
there developed in that organization two strong and virile factions ; the "Ray
faction" headed by Tom Ray, who for 13 years had been business agent of the
Boilermakers, the other known as the "insurgent faction" sponsored principally
by Jaco, Duke, Jordan and Ellinger. These factions each selected a slate of
officers and conducted an intensive election campaign, which developed bitter
feeling within the organization. In the election the "insurgent faction" was
successful in electing a majority of their slate, including Jordan as president
and Jaco as vice-president. When the officers attempted to take their seats,
they were prevented from doing so by the "Ray faction." The dispute became
so intense that the International Union took charge of the affairs of the local.
It refused to permit the insurgent officers to assume office, and permitted the
"Ray faction" to continue in control of the operations of the local. In the latter
part of January 1943, the "insurgent faction" started a campaign to raise funds,
by means of a public mass meeting and solicitation from the members of the
Boilermakers, and when they obtained sufficient funds attorneys were engaged
to protect their rights. The first suit in the State Court was filed in January
and within a few months thereafter- about 15 separate suits and proceedings
were instituted, by the "insurgent faction," the "Ray faction", the International
Union and by interested individuals. At the time of the hearing herein, several
of these suits were still pending. The "insurgent faction" was successful in
having the State Court appoint a Receiver for the Boilermakers and during
the receivership a new election for officers was conducted under the supervision
of the State Court. In this election, Jordan was elected president, he being the
only person on the slate of the "insurgent faction" to be elected to office. He
later was seated and has since been carrying on the duties of that office although
the Receiver has not yet been discharged. The intra-union dispute within the
Boilermakers due to the strife and turmoil which always accompanies such
disputes, has from its inception been a matter of public knowledge.
Prior to the employment of Duke on February 11, 1943, the only leader of
the "insurgent faction" in the Respondent's repair department was Jaco, although
many of the employees were adherents of that faction. Both before and after
the election in November 1943, the Respondent's employees would, on the job,
gather in groups to discuss the situation • In January, 1944, the discussions
became so argumentative that Hussa instructed Superintendent Davies to
direct the employees to discontinue the group meetings. At about this same
time, the assistant business agents, controlled by the "Ray faction" would more
often than usual appear on the Respondent's repair jobs Subsequent to Duke's
employment, the circumstances of which have been heretofore set forth, the
12 The situation is aptly described by the Respondent in its brief as follows : The quarrel
is only important here in that the respondent , by reason of events wholly beyond its
control and as an "innocent bystander" has been dragged into the maelstrom of angry
emotions created by it.
ALBINFA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS, INC. 139
"Ray faction," then in control of the Boilermakers, subjected the Respondent to
various forms of "pressure" for the purpose of having the insurgent leaders
discharged. There is no dispute that "pressure" was directed against the Re-
spondent, through subtle and indirect methods, and it is here only necessary to
summarize the facts. The Respondent's orders for men, placed with the hiring
hall , seldom; if ever, were filled. On several occasions there was a delay in dis-
patching men until Hussa or Rodgers would contact Ray and then either too
many or incompetent workers were dispatched. At one time, Ray agreed to dis-
patch workers to the Respondent's repair department providing Hussa per-
sonally placed the orders, but this resulted only in temporary relief. In March
1943, Ray gave as a reason for failing to dispatch workers, the fear that his
members might become contaminated by drinking and gambling that Ray alleged
was going on at the City Dock. After Hussa had called in the Coast Guard to
check this matter and had been advised by the other companies who also used
the City Dock that Ray had not warned them, Hussa called the dispatcher at
the hiring hall, in Ray's absence, advising that the situation had been cleaned
up. The dispatcher then for a few days referred workers to the Respondent,
but immediately upon Ray's return to Portland the dispatching of men ceased.
Due to a shortage of men it became necessary to work the available crews 16
hours a day and when Ray insisted that the Respondent discontinue 10 hour
shifts and operate on the basis of three 8 hour shifts as required by the agree-
ments, repair operations were retarded. Upon the facts here reviewed, the
undersigned finds that the Respondent was not responsible in any way for the
intra-union dispute in the Boilermakers nor did it support or encourage either
of the factions, but so far as possible remained aloof, even when the "pressure"
handicapped its operations of repairing vessels much needed in the War effort.'
(c) The general lay off; the rehiring
It now becomes essential to consider whether or not the Respondent, by means
of the general lay off in June 1943, and the rehiring of crews in July, interfered
witli the rights of these individuals.
In the early part of June 1943, in accordance with the customary procedure
on the "Portland Waterfront", the Respondent, because of a decline in repair
work, by a method of rotation started to lay off crews for a few days, without
the issuance of lay off or clearance slips, with a hope that sufficient vessels for
repairs would be allocated to it, in order that the Respondent could maintain
the crews it had: built up, without the necessity of ordering workmen through
the hiring hall of the Boilermakers. However, it soon became evident that time
decrease in the allocation of vessels for repair and the completion of work on
hand would compel a general lay off. In May 1943, the Respondent had allocated
to it by the War Shipping Administration, 8 Russian vessels, requiring an
average of 30 days for the completion of the work. In June the Respondent
was allocated 3 vessels for repair, requiring an average of 10 days for completion.
The work upon 9 of these vessels had been completed on or before June 18,
about the date the Respondent decided that a general lay off could not be
avoided. After this date only 3 vessels were under repair by the Respondent.
From June 12, until July 8, the Respondent's repair department did not start
work on any new repair jobs, although on July 1, it had notice of the allocation
13 This finding is based upon the credible testimony of Hussa and Davies, supported
by that of 'Steele, and Board witnesses. The undersigned cannot accept the testimony of
Duke. It is not convincing In fact from observation of the witness while testifying
and a careful examination of Duke's testimony, the undersigned concludes that his testi-
mony should be rejected except in those instances where fully corroborated by other'
witnesses
140 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL. LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
of the "Athelduke" for repairs, but this vessel, did not dock until July 82, As
the work was completed the employees were laid off, except the "Liberty" crew
and a few riggers, usually retained. The number of employees declined from
564 on June 12, to 18 on July 3. Gehrig, who was the Boilermakers' head dis-
patcher in 1943, testified that the "Portland Waterfront" was practically closed
down through the months of June and July 1943, and as a result a large number
of the members who preferred repair work because of the differential in pay
and refused to consider being dispatched to new construction, were waiting
around the 'hiring hall for repair orders. From these salient facts the under-
signed finds that the completion of work on hand required a general lay off of
Respondent's repair work crews, including Jaco, Duke, Jordan, and Ellinger 1`
and that the termination of their employment, under these circumstances, did
not deny them any of the rights to which they are entitled under Section 7 of
the Act.
On July 8, the "Athelduke", an English tanker, which had been allocated to
the Respondent for repairs was docked and the Respondent at once placed an
order for men with the hiring hall of the Boilermakers, requesting that they be
dispatched to the repair department. On July 8, the Respondent had 45 em-
ployees in the repair department, on July 9, 154 employees, on July 10, 201
employees, on July 15, 308 employees, on July 30, 403 employees, and on August 1,
502 employees. Although the number of employees on August 1 was substan-
tially less than employed in the repair departnieYft-prior• to the- general lay off,
it is clear that the Boilermakers dispatched to the Respondent during July,
several hundred men.
It appears from the above that the general lay off in June 1943, terminated
the employment of Jaco, Duke, Jordan and Ellinger, and further employment
by these individuals on the "Portland Waterfront" could only be sought through
the hiring hall of the Boilermakers. It now becomes important to give consid-
eration to whether the Respondent refused to reinstate or reemploy these indi-
viduals.
The Respondent, under the terms of its agreements, heretofore referred to, had
only one source from which to obtain boilermaker employees : the hiring hall of the
Boilermakers. It could not hire men at the gate nor could it refuse to accept men
dispatched by the hiring hall. The record contains much evidence of what
occurred at the hiring hall on and after July 8, when Jaco, Duke, Jordan, and
Ellinger sought to be dispatched to the Respondent's repair department. How-
ever it is unnecessary here to detail these efforts for the reason that the Respond-
ent exercised no control over the hiring hall. The Boilermakers refused, even
though requested by the Respondent, to issue dispatch slips to these individuals,18
consequently the Respondent did not have an opportunity to refuse them rein-
14 The Respondent had, in addition to the above vessels for repair during May, June,
and July, 7 new Liberty vessels allocated to its repair department. These vessels came
direct from the shipyards in the vicinity of Portland, for the purpose of modification or
additional fittings. This special work was performed by a regular "Liberty" crew and
in most instances the work was completed in one or two days. The repair crews, except
in an emergency, have never been employed on this type of work.
15 In making this finding the undersigned relies upon the testimony of Davies corroborated
by the records of the Respondent. Duke testified, concerning the amount of work on hand
and vessels expected for repair. His testimony was indefinite and of little value. His
statements on vessels expected, was plainly based on rumors and as later events show
was without any basis in fact.
16 On or about July 8, 1943, when the Respondent re-opened its repair operations,
Foreman Steele requested and received Ray's promise to dispatch certain members of
the Boilermakers including Jaco, Duke, Jordan and Ellinger, to the Respondent. None
of tbe_men requested,ra 'ere thereafter dispatched to its repair'department.
ALBINA ENGINE AND MACHINE WORKS, INC. 141
statement or reemployment . The undersigned finds therefore that the Respond-
ent did not on or about July 9, 1943, or thereafter, refuse Jaco, Duke, Jordan, or
Ellinger, reinstatement or reemployment.
C. Concluding findings
From the foregoing findings of fact, and upon the basis of the entire record, the
undersigned finds that the Respondent has not discriminated in regard to the hire
and tenure of employment of Jaco,,Duke, Jordan or Ellinger and that it has not
interfered with, restrained, or, coerced these individuals or its other employees, in
the exercise of the rights to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organ-
izations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing,
and to engage in concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining, or
other mutual aid or protection.
Upon the basis of the foregoing findings of fact and from the entire record in
the case the undersigned makes the following:
CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
1. The operations of the business of the Respondent, Albina Engine and Machine
Works, Inc., Portland, Oregon, constitute a continuous flow of trade, traffic, and
commerce among the several States and territories of the United States and
foreign countries within the meaning of Section 2 (6) of the Act;
2. International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders, Welders and
Helpers of America, Local No. 72, affiliated with the American Federation of
Labor, is a labor organization, within the meaning of Section 2 (5) of the Act;
and
3. The Respondent has not engaged in unfair labor practices within the mean-
ing of Section 8 (1) of the Act.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Upon the basis of the above findings of fact and conclusions of law, the under-
signed recommends that the complaint against Albina Engine and Machine Works,
Inc., Portland, Oregon, be dismissed.
As provided in Section 33 of Article II of the Rules and Regulations of the
National Labor Relations Board, Series 3, as amended effective November 26, 1943,
any party or counsel for the Board may within fifteen (15) days from the date
of the" entry of the order transferring the case to the Board, pursuant to Section 32
of Article II of said' Rules and Regulations, file with *the Board, Rochambeau
Building, Washington, D. C, an original and four copies of a statement in writing
setting forth such exceptions to the Intermediate Report or to any other part
of the record or proceeding (including rulings upon all motions or objections) as
he relies upon, together with the original and four copies of a brief in support
thereof. Immediately upon the filing of such statement of exceptions and/or brief,
the party or counsel for the Board filing the same shall serve a copy thereof
upon each of the other parties and shall file a copy with the Regional Director.
As further provided in said Section 33, should any party desire permission to
argue orally before the Board request therefor must be made in writing to the
Board within ten (10) days from the date of the order transferring the case to the
Board.
JAMES C. BATTEN,
Trial Examiner.
Dated August 22, 1944.