Va. R. Sup. Ct. 2:405

As amended through September 26, 2024
Rule 2:405 - Methods of Proving Character Traits
(a)Reputation proof. Where evidence of a person's character trait is admissible under these Rules, proof may be made by testimony as to reputation; but a witness may not give reputation testimony except upon personal knowledge of the reputation. On cross-examination, inquiry is allowable into relevant specific instances of conduct.
(b)Specific instances of conduct. In cases in which a character trait of a person is an essential element of a charge, claim, or defense, proof may also be made of specific instances of conduct of such person on direct or cross-examination.

Va. Sup. Ct. 2:405

Adopted and promulgated by Order dated June 1, 2012; effective 7/1/2012; adopted and promulgated by order dated June 1, 2012; effective 7/1/2012.