310 CMR 22.20G: Table 1
SOURCE WATER MONITORING STARTING DATES
Systems that serve: | Must begin the first round of source water monitoring no later than the month beginning: | And must begin the second round of source water monitoring no later than the month beginning: |
At least 100,000 people | October 1, 2006 | April 1, 2015 |
From 50,000 to 99,999 people | April 1, 2007 | October 1, 2015 |
From 10,000 to 49,999 people | April 1, 2008 | October 1, 2016 |
Fewer than 10,000 and monitor for E. coli1 | October 1, 2008 | October 1, 2017 |
Fewer than 10,000 and monitor for Cryptosporidium2 | April 1, 2010 | April 1, 2019 |
1 Applies only to filtered systems.
2 Applies to filtered systems that meet the conditions of 310 CMR 22.20G(2)(a)4. and unfiltered systems.
1 Systems serving fewer than 10,000 individuals that are not required to monitor for Turbidity as specified in 310 CMR 22.20G(2) are not required to report Turbidity with their E. coli results.
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 2
BIN CLASSIFICATION TABLE FOR FILTERED SYSTEMS
For Systems that are: | With a Cryptosporidium bin concentration of ...1 | The bin classification is... |
Required to monitor for Cryptosporidium under 310 CMR 22.20G(2) | Cryptosporidium <0.075 oocysts/L | Bin 1 |
0.075 oocysts/L<Cryptosporidium <1.0 oocysts/L | Bin 2 | |
1.0 oocysts/L< Cryptosporidium <3.0 oocysts/L | Bin 3 | |
Cryptosporidium >=3.0 oocysts/L | Bin 4 | |
Serving fewer than 10,000 people and NOT required to monitor for Cryptosporidium under 310 CMR 22.20G(2)(a)4. | N/A | Bin 1 |
1 Based on calculations in 310 CMR 22.20G(11)(a) or (d), as applicable.
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 3
FILTERED SYSTEM ADDITIONAL CRYPTOSPORIDIUM TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS
If the system bin classification is ... | And the system uses the following Filtration treatment in full compliance with 310 CMR 22.20A, 310 CMR 22.20D, and 310 CMR 22.20F (as applicable), then the additional Cryptosporidium treatment requirements are ... | |||
Conventional Filtration treatment (including softening) | Direct Filtration | Slow Sand or Diatomaceous Earth Filtration | Alternative Filtration technologies | |
Bin 1 | No additional treatment | No additional treatment | No additional treatment | No additional treatment |
Bin 2 | 1-log treatment | 1.5-log treatment | 1-log treatment | -1 |
Bin 3 | 2-log treatment | 2.5-log treatment | 2-log treatment | -2 |
Bin 4 | 2.5-log treatment | 3-log treatment | 2.5-log treatment | -3 |
1 As determined by the Department such that the total Cryptosporidium removal and inactivation is at least 4.0-log.
2 As determined by the Department such that the total Cryptosporidium removal and inactivation is at least 5.0-log.
3 As determined by the Department such that the total Cryptosporidium removal and inactivation is at least 5.5-log.
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 4
Cryptosporidium TREATMENT COMPLIANCE DATES TABLE
Systems that serve ... | Must comply with Cryptosporidium treatment requirements no later than...* |
(1) At least 100,000 individuals | April 1, 2012 |
(2) From 50,000 to 99,999 individuals | October 1, 2012 |
(3) From 10,000 to 49,999 individuals | October 1, 2013 |
(4) Fewer than 10,000 individuals | October 1, 2014 |
* The Department may allow up to an additional two years for complying with the treatment requirement for systems making capital improvements.
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 5
MICROBIAL TOOLBOX REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
Toolbox option | Systems must submit the following information | On the following schedule |
(1) Watershed control program. | (i) Notice of intention to develop a new or continue an existing watershed control program... (ii) Watershed control plan... (iii) Annual watershed control program status report...... (iv) Watershed sanitary survey report.......... | No later than two years before the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). No later than one year before the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). Every 12 months, beginning one year after the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). For Community Water Systems, every three years beginning three years after the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). For Noncommunity Water Systems, every five years beginning five years after the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(2) Alternative source/intake management | Verification that system has relocated the intake or adopted the intake withdrawal procedure reflected in monitoring results. | No later than the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(3) Pre-sediments | Monthly verification of the following: (i) Continuous basin operation (ii) Treatment of 100% of the flow (iii) Continuous addition of a coagulant (iv) At least 0.5-log mean reduction of influent Turbidity or compliance with alternative Department approved performance criteria. | Monthly reporting within ten days following the month in which the monitoring was conducted beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(4) Two-stage Lime Softening | Monthly verification of the following: (i) Chemical addition and hardness precipitation occurred in two separate and sequential softening stages prior to Filtration (ii) Both stages treated 100% of the plant flow. | Monthly reporting within ten days following the month in which the monitoring was conducted beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(5) Bank Filtration | (i) Initial demonstration of the following: (A) Unconsolidated, predominantly sandy aquifer (B) Setback distance of at least 25 ft. (0.5-log credit) or 50 ft. (1.0-log credit). (ii) If monthly average of daily max Turbidity is greater than one NTU then system must report result and submit an assessment of the cause. | No later than the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). Report within 30 days following the month in which the monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(6) Combined filter performance | Monthly verification of combined filter effluent (CFE) Turbidity levels less than or equal to 0.15 NTU in at least 95% of the four hour CFE measurements taken each month. | Monthly reporting within ten days following the month in which the monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(7) Individual filter performance | Monthly verification of the following: (i) Individual filter effluent (IFE) Turbidity levels less than or equal to 0.15 NTU in at least 95% of samples each month in each filter. (ii) No individual filter greater than 0.3 NTU in two consecutive readings 15 minutes apart. | Monthly reporting within ten days following the month in which the monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(8) Demonstration of performance | (i) Results from testing following a Department-approved protocol. (ii) As required by the Department, monthly verification of operation within conditions of Department approval for demonstration of performance credit. | No later than the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(9) Bag Filters and Cartridge Filters | (i) Demonstration that the following criteria are met: (A) Process meets the definition of bag or cartridge Filtration; (B) Removal efficiency established through challenge testing that meets criteria in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(a). (ii) Monthly verification that 100% of plant flow was filtered. | No later than the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(10) Membrane Filtration | (i) Results of verification testing demonstrating the following: (A) Removal efficiency established through challenge testing that meets criteria in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(b). (B) Integrity test method and parameters, including resolution, sensitivity, test frequency, control limits, and associated baseline. (ii) Monthly report summarizing the following: (A) All direct integrity tests above the control limit; (B) If applicable, any Turbidity or alternative Department approved indirect integrity monitoring results triggering direct integrity testing and the corrective action that was taken. | No later than the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(11) Second stage Filtration | Monthly verification that 100% of flow was filtered through both stages and that first stage was preceded by Coagulation step. | Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(12) Slow Sand Filtration (as secondary filter) | Monthly verification that both a slow sand filter and a preceding separate stage of Filtration treated 100% of flow from Surface Water Sources or Groundwater Under the Direct Influence of Surface Water. | Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(13) Chlorine dioxide | Summary of CT values for each day as described in 310 CMR 22.20G(23), as applicable. | Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(14) Ozone | Summary of CT values for each day as described in 310 CMR 22.20G(23), as applicable. | Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
(15) UV | (i) Validation test results demonstrating operating conditions that achieve required UV dose. (ii) Monthly report summarizing the percentage of water entering the Distribution System that was not treated by UV reactors operating within validated conditions for the required dose as specified in 310 CMR 22.20G(23), as applicable. | No later than the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). Within ten days following the month in which monitoring was conducted, beginning on the applicable treatment compliance date in 310 CMR 22.20G(14). |
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 6
MICROBIAL TOOLBOX SUMMARY TABLE: OPTIONS, TREATMENT CREDITS AND CRITERIA
Toolbox Option | Log Credit | Cryptosporidium treatment credit with design and implementation criteria |
SOURCE PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT TOOLBOX OPTIONS | ||
1. Watershed control program | 0.5-log | For Department-approved program comprising required elements, annual program status report to Department, and regular watershed survey. Unfiltered systems are not eligible for credit. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(19)(a). |
2. Alternative source/intake management | No prescribed credit | Suppliers of Water may conduct simultaneous monitoring for treatment bin classification at alternative intake locations or under alternative intake management strategies. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(19)(b). |
PRE FILTRATION TOOLBOX OPTIONS | ||
3. Pre-sedimentation basin with Coagulation | 0.5-log credit | Credit is given during any month that pre-sedimentation basins achieve a monthly mean reduction of 0.5-log or greater in Turbidity or alternative Department-approved performance criteria. To be eligible, basins must be operated continuously with coagulant addition and all plant flow must pass through basins. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(20)(a). |
4. Two-stage Lime Softening | 0.5-log credit | Credit for two-stage softening where chemical addition and hardness precipitation occur in both stages. All plant flow must pass through both stages. Single-stage softening is credited as equivalent to conventional treatment. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(20)(b). |
5. Bank Filtration | 0.5-log | For 25-foot setback1. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(20)(c). |
1.0-log | For 50-foot setback1. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(20)(c). | |
TREATMENT PERFORMANCE TOOLBOX OPTIONS | ||
6. Combined filter performance | 0.5-log | Credit for combined filter effluent Turbidity less than or equal to 0.15 NTU in at least 95% of measurements each month. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(21)(a). |
7. Individual filter performance | 0.5-log | Credit is given in addition to 0.5-log combined filter performance credit. Credit is given if individual filter effluent Turbidity is less than or equal to 0.15 NTU in at least 95% of samples each month in each filter and is never greater than 0.3 NTU in two consecutive measurements in any filter. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(21)(b). |
8. Demonstration of performance | Credit awarded | Credit awarded to unit process or treatment train based on a demonstration to the Department with a Department-approved protocol. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(21)(c). |
ADDITIONAL FILTRATION TOOLBOX OPTIONS | ||
9. Bag or Cartridge Filters (individual filters) | Up to 2-log | Up to 2-log credit based on the removal efficiency demonstrated during challenge testing with a 1.0-log factor of safety. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(a). |
10. Bag or Cartridge Filters (in series) | Up to 2.5-log | Up to 2.5-log credit based on the removal efficiency demonstrated during challenge testing with a 0.5-log factor of safety. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(a). |
11. Membrane Filtration | Log credit | Log credit equivalent to removal efficiency demonstrated in challenge test for device if supported by direct integrity testing. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(b). |
12. Second stage Filtration | 0.5-log | 0.5-log credit for second separate granular media Filtration stage if treatment train includes Coagulation prior to first filter. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(c). |
13. Slow sand filters | 2.5-log | Credit as a secondary Filtration step2. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(d). |
3.0-log | Credit as a primary Filtration process2. Specific criteria are in 310 CMR 22.20G(22)(d). | |
INACTIVATION TOOLBOX OPTIONS | ||
14. Chlorine dioxide | CT table | Log credit based on measured CT in relation to CT table. Specific criteria in 310 CMR 22.20G(23)(a). |
15. Ozone | CT table | Log credit based on measured CT in relation to CT table. Specific criteria in 310 CMR 22.20G(23)(a). |
16. UV | UV dose | Log credit based on validated UV dose in relation to UV dose table; reactor validation testing required to establish UV dose and associated operating conditions. Specific criteria in 310 CMR 22.20G(23)(b). |
1 Aquifer must be unconsolidated sand containing at least 10% fines; average Turbidity in wells must be less than one NTU. Suppliers of Water using wells followed by Filtration when conducting source water monitoring must sample the well to determine bin classification and are not eligible for additional credit.
2 No prior chlorination for either option.
If within 60 days of the Department's receipt of a notification of a change to an approved watershed control plan, the Department does not respond to the Supplier of Water regarding approval of that change, and the Supplier of Water otherwise meets the requirements of 310 CMR 22.20G(19)(a)5.a.i. and ii., then the changes to the approved watershed control plan will be considered approved, unless and until the Department subsequently withdraws such approval, based upon failure to meet such requirements.
Suppliers of Water shall submit the survey report to the Department, unless the survey is performed by the Department. If the Department determines that significant changes have occurred in the Watershed since the previous watershed sanitary survey, the Department may establish an earlier date than otherwise required in 310 CMR 22.20G(19)(a)5.b. by which Public Water Systems shall undergo another watershed sanitary survey.
Treatment credit based on a performance study may be greater than 1.0-log and may be awarded for Bank Filtration that does not meet the criteria in 310 CMR 22.20G(20)(c)1. through 5.; and
Where:
LRV = log removal value demonstrated during challenge testing;
Cf = the feed concentration measured during the challenge test; and
Cp = the filtrate concentration measured during the challenge test.
In applying this equation, the same units must be used for the feed and filtrate concentrations. If the challenge particulate is not detected in the filtrate, then the term Cp must be set equal to the detection limit;
"Module" as used herein means the smallest component of a membrane unit in which a specific membrane surface area is housed in a device with a filtrate outlet structure;
Where:
LRV = log removal value demonstrated during the challenge test;
Cf = the feed concentration measured during the challenge test; and
Cp = the filtrate concentration measured during the challenge test.
Equivalent units must be used for the feed and filtrate concentrations. If the challenge particulate is not detected in the filtrate, the term Cp must be set equal to the detection limit for the purpose of calculating the LRV. An LRV must be calculated for each membrane module evaluated during the challenge test;
Where:
LRVDIT = the sensitivity of the direct integrity test;
Qp = total design filtrate flow from the membrane unit;
Qbreach = flow of water from an integrity breach associated with the smallest integrity test response that can be reliably measured; and
VCF = volumetric concentration factor. The volumetric concentration factor is the ratio of the suspended solids concentration on the high pressure side of the membrane relative to that in the feed water.
Where:
LRVDIT = the sensitivity of the direct integrity test;
Cf = the typical feed concentration of the marker used in the test; and
Cp = the filtrate concentration of the marker from an integral membrane unit;
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 7
CT VALUES (MG ·MIN/L) FOR Cryptosporidium INACTIVATION BY CHLORINE DIOXIDE1
Log credit | Water Temperature, ºC | ||||||||||
<0.5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | |
0.25 | 159 | 153 | 140 | 128 | 107 | 90 | 69 | 45 | 29 | 19 | 12 |
0.5 | 319 | 305 | 279 | 256 | 214 | 180 | 138 | 89 | 58 | 38 | 24 |
1.0 | 637 | 610 | 558 | 511 | 429 | 360 | 277 | 179 | 116 | 75 | 49 |
1.5 | 956 | 915 | 838 | 767 | 643 | 539 | 415 | 268 | 174 | 113 | 73 |
2.0 | 1275 | 1220 | 1117 | 1023 | 858 | 719 | 553 | 357 | 232 | 150 | 98 |
2.5 | 1594 | 1525 | 1396 | 1278 | 1072 | 899 | 691 | 447 | 289 | 188 | 122 |
3.0 | 1912 | 1830 | 1675 | 1534 | 1286 | 1079 | 830 | 536 | 347 | 226 | 147 |
1 A Supplier of Water may use this equation to determine log credit between the indicated values: log credit = (0.001506 x (1.09116)Temp) x CT.
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 8
CT VALUES (MG MIN/L) FOR Cryptosporidium INACTIVATION BY OZONE1
Log credit | Water Temperature, ºC | ||||||||||
<0.5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | |
0.25 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.39 |
0.5 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 6.5 | 4.9 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 0.78 |
1.0 | 24 | 23 | 21 | 19 | 16 | 13 | 9.9 | 6.2 | 3.9 | 2.5 | 1.6 |
1.5 | 36 | 35 | 31 | 29 | 24 | 20 | 15 | 9.3 | 5.9 | 3.7 | 2.4 |
2.0 | 48 | 46 | 42 | 38 | 32 | 26 | 20 | 12 | 7.8 | 4.9 | 3.1 |
2.5 | 60 | 58 | 52 | 48 | 40 | 33 | 25 | 16 | 9.8 | 6.2 | 3.9 |
3.0 | 72 | 69 | 63 | 57 | 47 | 39 | 30 | 19 | 12 | 7.4 | 4.7 |
1 A Supplier of Water may use this equation to determine log credit between the indicated values: log credit = (0.0397 x (1.09757)Temp) x CT.
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 9
UV DOSE TABLE FOR Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, and VIRUS INACTIVATION CREDIT
Log credit | Cryptospridium\UV dose (mJ/cm2) | Giardia lamblia UV dose (mJ/cm2) | Virus UV dose (mJ/cm2) |
0.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 39 |
1.0 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 58 |
1.5 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 79 |
2.0 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 100 |
2.5 | 8.5 | 7.7 | 121 |
3.0 | 12 | 11 | 143 |
3.5 | 15 | 15 | 163 |
4.0 | 22 | 22 | 186 |
310 CMR 22.20G: Table 10
UV RAW WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
Parameter | Frequency1 | Limits |
pH (field measurement) | Monthly | NA |
Temp. (field measurement) | Bi-weekly for one year | NA |
Dissolved iron (mg/L) | Quarterly for one year | 0.1 |
Dissolved manganese (mg/L) | Quarterly for one year | 0.05 |
Turbidity (NTU) | Bi-weekly for one year | 0.3 |
Color (color units) | Monthly | 15 |
Total Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) | Quarterly for one year | 120 |
Hydrogen Sulfide2 (mg/L) | Quarterly for one year | 0.2 |
Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) | Quarterly for one year | NA |
Suspended Solids (mg/L) | Quarterly for one year | 10.0 |
UV Transmittance at 254nm | Bi-weekly for one year | NA |
Spectral Absorbance3 | Bi-weekly for one year | NA |
Algae Counts (cells/mL)4 | Bi-weekly for one year | NA5 |
1 The Department may allow the use of historical data collected at higher frequencies
2 Groundwater only
3 For the use of medium pressure reactors only. Absorbance to be measured at 200 - 300 nm
4 Unfiltered supplies only
5 At algae concentration > 70,000 cells/mL additional piloting may be required as part of the UV validation testing
310 CMR 22.20G