From Casetext: Smarter Legal Research

Shephard v. United States

United States Court of Appeals For the Eighth Circuit
Nov 7, 2013
735 F.3d 797 (8th Cir. 2013)

Summary

holding that as petitioner was not claiming a right to be released from custody, even if counsel was ineffective with regards to restitution amount the claim could not be raised in a § 2255 petition

Summary of this case from Darcy v. United States

Opinion

No. 12–3709.

2013-11-7

Margie P. SHEPHARD, Movant–Appellant v. UNITED STATES of America, Respondent–Appellee.

Craig M. Sandberg, Muslin & Sandberg, Chicago, IL, for appellant. Philip M. Koppe, Asst. U.S. Atty., Kansas City, MO (Tammy Dickinson, U.S. Atty., on the brief), for appellee.



Craig M. Sandberg, Muslin & Sandberg, Chicago, IL, for appellant. Philip M. Koppe, Asst. U.S. Atty., Kansas City, MO (Tammy Dickinson, U.S. Atty., on the brief), for appellee.
Before BENTON, BEAM, and SHEPHERD, Circuit Judges.

[Published]


PER CURIAM.

Margie P. Shephard pleaded guilty, pursuant to a written plea agreement, to conspiracy to commit bank fraud and identity theft, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 371; to aggravated identity theft, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1028(a); and to obstruction of justice, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1503. In addition to imposing a sentence of imprisonment and supervised release, the court ordered Shephard to pay $8,918.36 in restitution. She later filed a motion pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 challenging her sentence based on ineffective assistance of counsel. The district court denied the motion. Shephard appealed, and this court granted a certificate of appealability on the question of whether counsel was ineffective for failing to question the amount of the restitution order and failing to ascertain the whereabouts of certain money that was seized, which affected the amount of restitution. The government has moved to dismiss the appeal, arguing that Shephard's challenge to the restitution order is not cognizable in a section 2255 motion.

The Honorable Dean Whipple, United States District Judge for the Western District of Missouri.

In United States v. Bernard, 351 F.3d 360 (8th Cir.2003), this court held that a federal prisoner cannot challenge the restitution portion of his sentence under section 2255, because the statute affords relief only to prisoners claiming a right to be released from custody. Although Shephard has raised the issue in the context of an ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claim, the analysis remains the same, as some of the cases cited by Bernard to support its holding addressed ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claims. Bernard, 351 F.3d at 361 (citing Kaminski v. United States, 339 F.3d 84, 87 (2d Cir.2003); United States v. Kramer, 195 F.3d 1129, 1130 (9th Cir.1999); Barnickel v. United States, 113 F.3d 704, 706 (7th Cir.1997); Smullen v. United States, 94 F.3d 20, 25 (1st Cir.1996)). Shephard is not claiming a right to be released from custody, and thus, even if she could demonstrate that counsel was ineffective, the claim may not be raised in a section 2255 motion.

Shephard suggests that Bernard conflicts with our earlier decision in Matheny v. Morrison, 307 F.3d 709 (8th Cir.2002). This court disagrees. In Matheny, the district court ordered restitution and established a payment schedule for two criminal defendants; after the defendants started serving their sentences, the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) began withdrawing funds from their prison accounts in specified amounts on a monthly basis. One of the defendants filed a petition pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241 in the district in which he was incarcerated and argued that the BOP's payment scheme violated Article III of the United States Constitution, because the court had delegated its sentencing power to the BOP. Matheny, 307 F.3d at 711. The Matheny court concluded that the claim attacked the validity of the petitioner's sentence and therefore should have been properly raised in a section 2255 motion in the sentencing district. Matheny, 307 F.3d at 711. Significantly, this court did not address in Matheny whether a challenge to the restitution portion of the sentence was cognizable under section 2255, but simply put forth the more general proposition that claims attacking the validity of a sentence should be raised under section 2255 in the sentencing district. Accordingly, the portion of Matheny advanced by Shephard in support of her claim is mere obiter dictum. See Passmore v. Astrue, 533 F.3d 658, 661 (8th Cir.2008) (“[W]hen an issue is not squarely addressed in prior case law, we are not bound by precedent through stare decisis. In addition, we need not follow dicta. Dicta is a judicial comment made while delivering a judicial opinion, but one that is unnecessary to the decision in the case and therefore not precedential.” (alterations, citations, and quotations omitted)). This court holds, therefore, that Bernard did not create an intra-circuit conflict.

Accordingly, in light of Bernard, the government's motion is granted and this 799appeal is dismissed. Shephard's pending motion is denied as moot.




Summaries of

Shephard v. United States

United States Court of Appeals For the Eighth Circuit
Nov 7, 2013
735 F.3d 797 (8th Cir. 2013)

holding that as petitioner was not claiming a right to be released from custody, even if counsel was ineffective with regards to restitution amount the claim could not be raised in a § 2255 petition

Summary of this case from Darcy v. United States

finding that petitioner "cannot challenge the restitution portion of his sentence under section 2255, because the statute affords relief only to prisoners claiming a right to be released from custody," even when his claim is one of ineffective assistance of counsel

Summary of this case from Mitchell v. Attorney Gen.

finding that petitioner "cannot challenge the restitution portion of his sentence under section 2255, because the statute affords relief only to prisoners claiming a right to be released from custody," even when his claim is one of ineffective assistance of counsel

Summary of this case from Chavarriaga v. Lanigan

denying a movant's attack on his assessed restitution even though it was couched in terms of ineffective assistance of counsel

Summary of this case from Riili v. United States
Case details for

Shephard v. United States

Case Details

Full title:Margie P. Shephard Movant - Appellant v. United States of America…

Court:United States Court of Appeals For the Eighth Circuit

Date published: Nov 7, 2013

Citations

735 F.3d 797 (8th Cir. 2013)

Citing Cases

United States v. Trimble

For the same reason, a challenge to a restitution order brought under the guise of an ineffective assistance…

Souels v. United States

However, the Eighth Circuit later moved away from this opinion, stating: "Significantly, this court did not…