Opinion
April 6, 1982
Order, Supreme Court, New York County (H.G. Schwartz, J.), entered October 30, 1981 directing judgment dismissing the complaint, after nonjury trial, in action to foreclose mechanic's lien, and vacating and discharging said lien, is unanimously affirmed, with costs. The interest of the owner of real property may only be subjected to a mechanic's lien for improvements if the work was done "with the consent or at the request of the owner thereof" (Lien Law, § 3). In this case the work was done for the tenant's convenience and at the tenant's request. Consent of the owner here was merely a consent required under the lease to avoid forfeiture of the tenant's interest and does not constitute a consent within the meaning of section 3 Lien of the Lien Law. ( Hankinson v. Vantine, 152 N.Y. 20, 28; Eisenson Elec. Serv. Co. v. Wien, 30 Misc.2d 926, 930.) To come within the intendment of the statute, "the owner must either be an affirmative factor in procuring the improvement to be made, or having possession and control of the premises assent to the improvement in the expectation that he will reap the benefit of it." ( Rice v Culver, 172 N.Y. 60, 65-66.) "The statute contemplates that the owner of property shall not be charged with the cost of improvements made upon his premises without such an assent to such improvements as would morally obligate him to pay for the same * * * The consent contemplated by the statute is not a consent given to the tenant, but a consent given to the materialman; it is a holding out of the owner as acquiescing in the giving of credit which is at the foundation of the right to a lien against the owner of the fee". ( Sager v. Renwick Park Traffic Assn., 172 A.D. 359, 367, 368.) Here, as in Delany Co. v. Duvoli ( 278 N.Y. 328, 331), the lienor never dealt with the owner with respect to these improvements; all the transactions relating to the improvements occurred between the lienor and the tenant in possession; the credit accorded by the lienor was to the tenant and not to the owner; and the tenant in essence assured the owner that the improvements to be effected were at the tenant's expense.
Concur — Sandler, J.P., Markewich, Silverman and Bloom, JJ.