Summary
finding that twenty-seven days was a reasonable time within which to consider a waiver in settlement of a charge filed with the EEOC for age-based employment discrimination
Summary of this case from Taylor v. Northrop Grumman Sys. Corp.Opinion
No. 2:99cv385.
May 19, 2000
Scott M. Reed, Preston Reed, P.L.C., Virginia Beach, VA, for Plaintiff.
Lawrence P. Postol, Seyfarth, Shaw, Fairweather Geraldson, Washington, DC, for Defendant.
FINDINGS, OPINION ORDER
This matter was heard on May 8, 2000, on Defendant's Motion to Enforce Settlement (Docket #21), which was filed on April 10. At the hearing, each counsel made factual statements, which were materially consistent, and they invited the Court to make findings based thereon. Plaintiff, herself, testified briefly. Her testimony was not totally consistent with her counsel's statement. Lawrence P. Postol, Esq., represented defendant; Scott M. Reed, Esq., represented plaintiff.
In her complaint, plaintiff alleged in two counts a violation of 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a), (d), (h) and (m) and 2000e-16 (Title VII), and a violation of 29 U.S.C. § 623 (ADEA), against defendant, her former employer. Initially, the case was set for trial on November 8, 1999. On August 31, 1999, an Order was entered vacating the trial date and staying further proceedings except for a pending motion to dismiss. On November 12, an Opinion and Order was filed denying the motion to dismiss and certifying "this interlocutory decision as appealable under 28 U.S.C. § 1292(b)." Further proceedings were stayed pending action by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. The Court of Appeals denied defendant's petition to take an interlocutory appeal. The denial was filed in this Court on December 21. Thereafter, the case was set for trial on June 12, 2000.
Although the parties had consented to proceed before a magistrate judge pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(c), on May 11, 1999, the motion to dismiss was decided and the interlocutory appeal was certified by a district judge. Thereafter, the present motion was assigned pursuant to the earlier consent.
Undisputed Facts
On Tuesday, March 7, 2000, defendant's counsel, Mr. Postol, made an oral offer to plaintiff's counsel, Mr. Reed, to settle the case. By letter of March 9 "Via Facsimile (757)499-4642," from Mr. Postol to Mr. Reed, the former confirmed defendant's offer of settlement for $5,000, under familiar conditions, including plaintiffs execution of defendant's "standard general release." It was stated that the offer would expire at 5 p.m. that day. Mr. Reed, with the authority of his client, accepted the offer on March 10. With minor changes, the general release approved by Mr. Reed was sent to him by Federal Express on March 10. The settlement check was sent to Mr. Reed by Federal Express on March 21.Mr. Reed advised his client to come to his office at a time specified to execute the release, but she failed to do so. Several other appointments were made but not kept. A final appointment was made for April 6, after plaintiff agreed that she would accept the settlement, but she did not appear. At that time, Mr. Reed advised Mr. Postol that his client refused to accept the offer.
Plaintiffs Testimony
Plaintiff testified that she authorized Mr. Reed to accept the offer to settle the case, but changed her mind after the acceptance was made. She stated that on March 10, after first authorizing the settlement, she called Mr. Reed's office and spoke to either Mr. Reed or his secretary. She could not recall to whom she spoke, but she stated that she advised that she had changed her mind. She admitted that other times were set for executing the release and each time she did not attend. She stated that finally she agreed to go to Mr. Reed's office on April 6 to execute the settlement documents, but again changed her mind.
Mr. Reed stated to the Court that he never had been told by his client that she wished to revoke the settlement agreement. He said she just repeatedly failed to come to his office to execute the written agreement.
Discussion
In opposition to enforcing the settlement, plaintiff first relies upon the statutory requirement that an individual may not waive any right or claim under the ADEA unless the waiver is knowing and voluntary. More specifically, 29 U.S.C. § 626(f)(2) and (B), provide as follows:
A waiver in settlement of . . . an action filed in court by the individual . . . alleging age discrimination . . . may not be considered knowing and voluntary unless at a minimum . . . the individual is given a reasonable period of time within which to consider the settlement agreement.
The Court finds that as of about April 6, 2000, about twenty-seven days after she first agreed to the settlement, plaintiff affirmed her original agreement to settle the claim when she agreed to execute the settlement agreement on that day, and that this was a reasonable time within which to consider it. Thereafter it was an unreasonable act to again reject the settlement. There is nothing in the ADEA giving a plaintiff a right to revoke a settlement once it has been agreed to after a reasonable period of time for its consideration.
Plaintiffs second ground for opposing the agreement is based upon the provisions of the General Release and Settlement Agreement, which she never executed. Paragraph 9 of that document provides as follows:
Morris understands that she has seven (7) days following her signing of this Agreement to revoke the Agreement. The Agreement is not effective nor enforceable until the revocation period of seven (7) days has expired. Morris can revoke the Agreement within the seven (7) days by faxing a notice of revocation . . . and sending a confirming notice by certified mail to [defendant's attorney.]
Plaintiff argues that the agreement to settle was unenforceable until she signed it, and thereafter until a period of seven days passed without her revocation. The Court finds that it was not the intention of the parties when the settlement was agreed upon that plaintiff could hold it in limbo for an indefinite period of time. When the offer of settlement was made, it included a deadline after which it would be withdrawn, although defendant knew that there was a statutorily created reasonable period of time after acceptance that plaintiff could revoke her acceptance as not knowing and voluntary. Before the deadline, the offer was accepted. A reasonable period of time elapsed thereafter during which plaintiffs acceptance was knowing and voluntary, because as late as April 6 when she did not appear to sign the settlement agreement, she was in agreement to do so. Once the statutory waiting period had passed, plaintiff had no right to both revoke the agreement and rely upon its provisions to delay its consummation. The standard general release which plaintiff agreed to sign when the offer to settle was accepted was for the benefit of defendant, and defendant can waive its execution as it did through Mr. Postol at the time of the arguments on the motion to enforce.
Accordingly, defendant's motion to enforce the settlement is granted.
ORDER
It is ORDERED that this case is SETTLED, that the claims of plaintiff alleged in the Complaint are RELEASED, and that the case be DISMISSED.
The Clerk is requested to mail a copy of this Order to all counsel of record.