Summary
vacating order ruling on merits of counseled defendant's pro se motion for new trial
Summary of this case from Johnson v. StateOpinion
S20A0963
09-28-2020
MEHEUX v. The STATE.
Wade Nichols Krueger, Public Defender's Office, PO Box 1586, Valdosta, Georgia 31603-1586, Attorneys for the Appellant. Patricia B. Attaway Burton, Deputy Attorney General, Paula Khristian Smith, Senior Assistant Attorney General, Christopher M. Carr, Attorney General, Michael Alexander Oldham, Assistant Attorney General, Department of Law, 40 Capitol Square, S.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30334, Michelle Thomas Harrison, A.D.A., Bradfield M. Shealy, District Attorney, Southern Judicial Circuit District Attorney's Office, P.O. Box 99, Valdosta, Georgia 31603-0099, Attorneys for the Appellee.
Wade Nichols Krueger, Public Defender's Office, PO Box 1586, Valdosta, Georgia 31603-1586, Attorneys for the Appellant.
Patricia B. Attaway Burton, Deputy Attorney General, Paula Khristian Smith, Senior Assistant Attorney General, Christopher M. Carr, Attorney General, Michael Alexander Oldham, Assistant Attorney General, Department of Law, 40 Capitol Square, S.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30334, Michelle Thomas Harrison, A.D.A., Bradfield M. Shealy, District Attorney, Southern Judicial Circuit District Attorney's Office, P.O. Box 99, Valdosta, Georgia 31603-0099, Attorneys for the Appellee.
McMillian, Justice. Appellant Darien Meheux appeals his 2014 conviction for the malice murder of Jasmine Benjamin, asserting that the trial court erred in admitting a handwritten statement and that his trial counsel was constitutionally ineffective. However, because Meheux, acting pro se, filed a motion for new trial while he was still represented by trial counsel and his amended motion for new trial filed by counsel was untimely, the trial court should have dismissed the motion rather than deciding it on the merits, and we therefore vacate the judgment and remand the case with direction for the trial court to dismiss the motion.
The procedural history of this case is fairly straightforward. On January 21, 2014, the trial court entered Meheux's judgment of conviction and sentence for malice murder. Acting pro se, Meheux timely filed a motion for new trial on February 12, 2014 while he was still represented by trial counsel. Not until April 25, 2014, did Meheux's trial counsel move to withdraw as counsel. On September 2, 2014, the trial court granted the order permitting withdrawal of trial counsel.
The record does not explain why Meheux, rather than counsel, filed the motion for new trial when counsel had not yet moved to withdraw.
On March 12, 2015, Meheux's current appellate counsel filed an entry of appearance, and over 18 months later, counsel filed an amended motion for new trial. On March, 21, 2018, the trial court held a hearing on the amended motion, and approximately one month later, the State and counsel for Meheux submitted post-hearing briefs. On July 23, 2018, the trial court denied the amended motion for new trial on the merits, and Meheux's appellate counsel timely filed a notice of appeal from the denial of the motion for new trial.
Although the amended motion for new trial does not appear in the record, the trial court referenced the filing date of the amended motion in its order denying the motion.
Although not raised by either party, we address the initial question of whether we can reach the merits of Meheux's claims. OCGA § 5-5-40 (1) authorizes a 30-day period after the entry of a judgment on the verdict to file a motion for new trial. However, "if a defendant files a motion for new trial on his own behalf when he is still represented by counsel, that motion is a legal nullity." Pounds v. State , 309 Ga. 376, 377 (2) (b), 846 S.E.2d 48 (2020) (citing cases). Here, because Meheux was still represented by counsel at the time of his pro se motion, his counsel did not move to withdraw until over a month later, and the trial court did not grant the withdrawal until over five months after that, Meheux's motion had no legal effect. See id. And although appellate counsel attempted to amend Meheux's pro se motion and the trial court ruled on the amended motion for new trial, a legal nullity cannot be amended. See id., 846 S.E.2d at 56, 2020 Ga. LEXIS 477, at *6; Dos Santos v. State , 307 Ga. 151, 155 (4) n.4, 834 S.E.2d 733 (2019). Thus, the "amended" motion for new trial was actually the first operative motion for new trial. However, that motion was filed well outside the 30-day time period required by OCGA § 5-5-40 (1), so the trial court should have dismissed the untimely motion rather than deciding it on the merits. See Pounds , 846 S.E.2d at 53, 2020 Ga. LEXIS 477, at *6 ("[W]hen a trial court is presented with a motion it lacks jurisdiction to decide, the trial court should dismiss the motion rather than deny it." (citation and punctuation omitted)). In addition, because the "time period for filing a notice of appeal is not tolled by an untimely motion for new trial," to the extent that Meheux is appealing from his underlying judgment of conviction and sentence, that appeal is also untimely. See Fulton v. State , 277 Ga. 126, 127, 587 S.E.2d 20 (2003).
The record does not indicate that appellate counsel sought an out-of-time appeal, and we express no opinion about the merits of any motion for out-of-time appeal that may be filed at this juncture. See Rowland v. State , 264 Ga. 872, 875 (2), 452 S.E.2d 756 (1995) ("A criminal defendant who has lost his right to appellate review of his conviction due to error of counsel is entitled to an out-of-time appeal." (citations omitted)).
It appears from the record that counsel was retained for trial and withdrew to allow Meheux to apply for appellate counsel with the Office of the Public Defender. "We take this opportunity to reiterate our admonition that Georgia lawyers cannot simply abandon their criminal defendant clients immediately after" a judgment of conviction. Ringold v. State , 309 Ga. 443, 446 n.2, 847 S.E.2d 181 (2020) (citation and punctuation omitted). "[W]hen time is tight, ... counsel may protect their client's interests by filing a timely, bare-bones placeholder motion [for new trial]," which can be amended later by new counsel, or a notice of appeal. Id. (citation and punctuation omitted).
Accordingly, we vacate the trial court's July 23, 2018 order denying the amended motion for new trial and remand with instructions to dismiss the motion as untimely.
We remind Meheux that no appeal will be available from that dismissal order. See Ringold , 309 Ga. at 446 n.4, 847 S.E.2d 181.
Judgment vacated and case remanded with direction.
All the Justices concur, except Warren, J., not participating.