Summary
denying existence of constitutional claim rather than holding claim to be moot where prisoner had filed a successful administrative appeal that led to the removal of the incident report from his file and the forfeited credits were restored
Summary of this case from Ray v. SullivanOpinion
No. 14–55890.
12-14-2015
Tobias A. FRANK, Plaintiff–Appellant, v. Derrick SCHULTZ, Correctional Counselor, individually and in official capacity ; R. Byrd, Disciplinary Hearing Officer, individually and in official capacity, Defendants–Appellees.
Tobias A. Frank, Fairton, New Jersey, pro se Plaintiff–Appellant. Stephanie Yonekura, Acting United States Attorney; Leon W. Weidman, Assistant United States Attorney, Chief, Civil Division; and David Pinchas, Assistant United States Attorney, Los Angeles, CA, for Defendants–Appellees.
Tobias A. Frank, Fairton, New Jersey, pro se Plaintiff–Appellant.
Stephanie Yonekura, Acting United States Attorney; Leon W. Weidman, Assistant United States Attorney, Chief, Civil Division; and David Pinchas, Assistant United States Attorney, Los Angeles, CA, for Defendants–Appellees.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California, John A. Kronstadt, District Judge, Presiding. D.C. No. 5:12–cv–01848–JAK–SS.
Before A. WALLACE TASHIMA, JOHN B. OWENS, and MICHELLE T. FRIEDLAND, Circuit Judges.
OPINION
PER CURIAM:
Federal prisoner Tobias A. Frank appeals pro se from the district court's summary judgment in his action under Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 403 U.S. 388, 91 S.Ct. 1999, 29 L.Ed.2d 619 (1971), alleging First and Fourteenth Amendment violations. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review de novo. Nunez v. Duncan, 591 F.3d 1217, 1222 (9th Cir.2010). We affirm.
We address Frank's First Amendment retaliation claim in a concurrently filed memorandum disposition.
This action arises from Frank signing as a "witness" another inmate's document, which Correctional Counselor Derek Schultz believed was contraband under prison policy. As a result, Schultz issued Frank an incident report charging him with "Possession of Anything Unauthorized." Disciplinary Hearing Officer Rosie Byrd conducted a disciplinary hearing, found that Frank had committed "Conduct which Interferes with the Security or Orderly Running of the Institution" (a different charge), and sanctioned Frank with the loss of fourteen days of good time credits. However, Frank filed a successful administrative appeal, and ultimately the incident report was removed from his file and his credits were restored. Frank then filed the instant action alleging that he had been deprived of due process because, among other things, Frank had not received advance written notice that Byrd was modifying the charge.
The prison policy was based on a part of the Court Security Improvement Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1521, which prohibits filing or attempting to file false liens against federal employees.
Frank was also sanctioned with the loss of commissary and visitation rights for three months. Because Frank does not raise this loss in his opening brief, he has waived the issue. See Arpin v. Santa Clara Valley Transp. Agency, 261 F.3d 912, 919 (9th Cir.2001) ("[I]ssues which are not specifically and distinctly argued and raised in a party's opening brief are waived.").
The district court properly granted summary judgment on Frank's due process claim because, as our sister circuits have recognized, any procedural error was corrected through the administrative appeal process, and Frank ultimately did not lose any good time credits. See Wycoff v. Nichols, 94 F.3d 1187, 1189 (8th Cir.1996) ("[T]he [administrative] reversal of the case against Wycoff constituted part of the due process Wycoff received, and it cured the alleged due process violation based on the [prison] disciplinary committee's initial decision to sanction Wycoff."); Morissette v. Peters, 45 F.3d 1119, 1122 (7th Cir.1995) (per curiam) ("There is no denial of due process if the error the inmate complains of is corrected in the administrative appeal process. The administrative appeal process is part of the due process afforded prisoners." (citation omitted)); Young v. Hoffman, 970 F.2d 1154, 1156 (2d Cir.1992) (per curiam) ("[W]e need not decide whether Young suffered a denial of due process in connection with his disciplinary hearing, because ... [t]he administrative reversal constituted part of the due process protection he received, and it cured any procedural defect that may have occurred.").
See also Torricellas v. Poole, 954 F.Supp. 1405, 1414 (C.D.Cal.1997) ("Where a procedural error has been corrected in the administrative process, as it was here, there has been no compensable due process violation. The administrative appeal is considered part of the process afforded, and any error in the process can be corrected during that appeals process without necessarily subjecting prison officials to liability for procedural violations at lower levels."), aff'd, 141 F.3d 1179 (9th Cir.1998) (unpublished) (affirming for the reasons stated by the district court).
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