Summary
finding that there is no diversity jurisdiction because Erie's policyholders are its customers, not its members
Summary of this case from AMCO Ins. Co. v. Erie Ins. Exch.Opinion
Civ. No. L-08-33.
May 22, 2009.
Edward Joseph Brown, Law Office of Edward J. Brown LLC, Ellicott City, MD, for Plaintiffs.
Jennifer Wright Schick, Morison Ansa Holden Assuncao and Prough LLP, Ellicott City, MD, for Defendant.
Dear Counsel:
This letter order addresses Plaintiff Erie Insurance Exchange's ("Erie") pending Motion to Remand. See Docket No. 34. The Court DENIES that Motion for the reasons stated below.
This case involves a house fire at the home of Sharon and Robert McNutt. Erie insured the McNutt home. Erie alleges construction work done by the Defendants, Builder Services Group, Inc. ("BSG") doing business as Davenport Insulation, Inc., was faulty and seeks to hold the Defendants accountable for the damage caused by the fire.
This case was removed to federal court by the Defendants on January 3, 2008 under federal diversity of citizenship jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332. Plaintiff represented itself as a Pennsylvania corporation with its principal place of business in that state. See Compl. ¶ 3; Amend. Compl. ¶ 4. In its Amended Complaint at paragraph 1, Plaintiff states that this Court has jurisdiction because "there is complete diversity jurisdiction" between the parties. Defendants are incorporated in and principally do business in Florida. As diverse parties, removal was proper.
Discovery began on January 10, 2008 and concluded on October 13, 2008. Defendants filed a Motion for Summary Judgment on November 12, 2008 (which the Court has not yet decided pending its ruling on the instant Motion to Remand).
On November 30, 2008, Plaintiff filed this Motion to Remand, arguing that this Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction because Erie and BSG are non-diverse parties. Erie now claims that it is a reciprocal insurance exchange, and thus an unincorporated association under Pennsylvania law. Plaintiff provides no plausible justification as to why this basic fact was not raised until this late date. Nevertheless, it is true; Erie is an unincorporated association. This fact alone, however, does not divest this Court of jurisdiction.
Erie Indemnity Company, Erie's parent company, states in its 2009 10-K filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission that Erie Insurance Exchange is an "unincorporated association." See p. 3.
An unincorporated association, like a general partnership, is a citizen of every state that its members, or partners, reside. See Clephas v. Fagelson, Shonberger, Payne Arthur, 719 F.2d 92, 93-94 (4th Cir. 1983) (citing United Steelworkers of America v. R.H. Bouligny, Inc., 382 U.S. 145, 149-153 (1965). Clephas, the controlling Fourth Circuit case, holds that a law partnership takes on the citizenship of all of its partners. Id. That court refers to the firm's partners as "members" in the law firm. Id.
Erie claims — without providing any evidence to support its claim — that it has insured policyholders in Florida. Erie argues that each individual insured policyholder is a "member" of the insurance exchange, meaning that each insured policyholder is equivalent to a partner in a law firm. Therefore, Erie argues, because it has insured policyholders in Florida, it is a Florida citizen. Because the Defendants are Florida citizens, Erie argues, complete diversity does not exist and the case must be remanded.
Erie's argument is simply wrong on the law. Clephas does not support Erie's argument. Nor does Erie cite any controlling authority to support its argument.
A brief analysis of the term "member" makes clear why Clephas does not support Plaintiff's argument. Clephas cites United Steelworkers of America v. R.H. Bouligny, Inc., 382 U.S. 145 (1965) for the legal principle that unincorporated associations take on the citizenship of its members. That term, member, arose in United Steelworkers, which held that the union, an unincorporated association, took on the citizenship of its union members. Law partners and union members are entirely distinct from insured policyholders; the former group is indistinguishable from the organization itself while the latter group is a mere customer.
Rather, Erie's individual policyholders are its customers, not its members. Garcia v. Farmers Insurance Exchange, 121 F. Supp. 2d 667, 669 (N.D. Ill. 2000); accord Federal Procedure, Lawyers Ed., § 1:173 (2008) ("The citizenship of an unincorporated association or unincorporated reciprocal of interinsurance exchange is determined not by the citizenship of its policyholders, but by the citizenship of its members.") (internal citations omitted). Garcia is on all fours with the instant case. Garcia addressed the identical argument by a reciprocal insurance exchange on a motion to remand, and denied the motion. The Court finds Garcia to be compelling. Accordingly, the Court holds that it does have subject matter jurisdiction in this case and DENIES Erie's Motion (Docket No. 34).
Cf. Royal Ins. Co. of America v. Quinn-L Capital Corp., 3 F.3d 877, 882 (5th Cir. 1993), which holds that under Texas law only underwriters, not policyholders, are members. This analysis, however, is entirely consistent with rule from Clephas and United Steelworkers.
Despite the informal nature of this memorandum, it shall constitute an Order of this Court, and the Clerk is directed to docket it accordingly.