Summary
holding that credit determinations are exclusively within the province of the Department, not Courts of Common Pleas
Summary of this case from Realmuto v. Department of TranspOpinion
Argued November 15, 1989.
Decided January 17, 1990.
Appeal from the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas, No. 3878 November Term, 1986, Samuel M. Lehrer, J.
Harold H. Cramer, Asst. Chief Counsel, with him, David R. White, Asst. Counsel, and John L. Heaton, Chief Counsel, for appellant.
No appearance for appellee.
Before CRUMLISH, Jr., President Judge, and CRAIG, DOYLE, COLINS, PALLADINO, McGINLEY and SMITH, JJ.
The Department of Transportation (DOT) has appealed from an order of the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas (common pleas court) reinstating the license suspension appeal of Raymond Howard Cardell (Appellee), nunc pro tunc, and restoring his operating privileges by allowing him credit toward a six month revocation for a period of time during which his license was in the possession of DOT. We reverse the common pleas court.
In July of 1986, DOT notified Appellee that his operating privileges were revoked as a result of his conviction under Section 1543 of the Vehicle Code, 75 Pa. C.S. § 1543, for driving under suspension. Although Appellee never challenged the underlying conviction, he appealed the revocation to the common pleas court on November 21, 1986. He withdrew his appeal prior to hearing. At that time, Appellee sent his license to Harrisburg in order to begin serving his six month revocation.
Section 1543 reads as follows:
(a) Offense defined. — Except as provided in subsection (b), any person who drives a motor vehicle on any highway or trafficway of this Commonwealth after the commencement of a suspension, revocation or cancellation of the operating privilege and before the operating privilege has been restored is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $200.
(b) Certain offenses. — Any person who drives a motor vehicle on any highway or trafficway of this Commonwealth at a time when their operating privilege is suspended or revoked as a condition of acceptance of Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition for a violation of section 3731 (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance) or because of a violation of section 1547(b)(1) (relating to suspension for refusal) or 3731 shall, upon conviction, be guilty of a summary offense and shall be sentenced to pay a fine of $1,000 and to undergo imprisonment for a period of not less than 90 days.
(c) Suspension or revocation of operating privilege — Upon receiving a certified record of the conviction of any person under this section, the department shall suspend or revoke that person's operating privilege as follows:
(1) If the department's records show that the person was under suspension, recall or cancellation on the date of violation, the department shall suspend the person's operating privilege for an additional one-year period.
(2) If the department's records show that the person was under revocation on the date of violation, the department shall revoke the person's operating privilege for an additional two-year period.
(d) Citation of appropriate subsection. — Prior to filing a citation for a violation of this section with the issuing authority named in the citation, the police officer shall verify the basis for the suspension with the department. Upon receiving the verification, the officer shall cite the appropriate subsection of this section on the citation.
75 Pa. C.S. § 1543.
Although Appellee's praecipe to withdraw the appeal was dated March 6, 1987, it was not filed with the common pleas court until August 29, 1988. When DOT received notice of the August 29, 1988 filing of the praecipe, DOT, by notice dated September 29, 1988, reinstated Appellee's six month revocation. Appellee then filed a petition to appeal the revocation nunc pro tunc. By an order dated January 17, 1989, the common pleas court granted Appellee leave to appeal nunc pro tunc, overruled DOT's order of September 29, 1988 and restored Appellee's license. It is from this order that DOT appeals.
DOT contends that the common pleas court lacked jurisdiction to compute and give credit for time served on a license suspension. In Department of Transportation v. Yarbinitz, 97 Pa. Commw. 169, 171, 508 A.2d 641, 642 (1986), this Court stated:
We agree with DOT's assertion that, for purposes of a license suspension appeal, a trial court lacks the authority to compute and give credit for any time that DOT may have been in possession of an operator's license. The function of the trial court in an appeal from a license suspension is to determine the validity of the suspension. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Traffic Safety v. Quinlan, 47 Pa. Commw. 214, 408 A.2d 173 (1979). Once the identity of the party whose license is suspended is established and the grounds for the suspension are found to be proper, the trial court's inquiry is ended. Even assuming Appellee was entitled to credit, this is not a basis for sustaining the appeal. If the person whose license is suspended committed the offense, and if the offense is a valid basis for suspension and no violation of due process has occurred, then the suspension must be upheld and the operator's appeal dismissed. The trial court can do no more. Therefore, a suspension cannot be invalidated if it was properly imposed, even if it has already been served.
We thus determined that the common pleas court lacks authority to compute and credit periods of suspension, even if done accurately.
Appellee contends that we should adhere to the reasoning of our decision in Department of Transportation v. Dwyer, 116 Pa. Commw. 644, 542 A.2d 634 (1988), where we affirmed the common pleas court's grant of the licensee's petition for reinstatement of his license and found that the licensee's petition constituted an action in mandamus. We distinguished Yarbinitz on the basis that Yarbinitz involved an appeal from a license suspension while Dwyer involved an appeal from a refusal to reinstate a previously suspended license. Because this is neither an action in mandamus nor an appeal from a refusal to reinstate a previously suspended license, Dwyer is not controlling.
Although the present case can be distinguished from Dwyer on a procedural basis, we note that the substantive issue is the same. Both cases concern the jurisdictional limitation of a common pleas court to credit a licensee for time that DOT may have been in possession of his operator's license. To the extent that Dwyer recognizes a common pleas court's authority to compute and give credit for such time, Dwyer is not persuasive. The dissent in Dwyer, which cites the above-quoted portion of Yarbinitz, properly delineates the trial court's authority and scope of inquiry. As we noted in Yarbinitz, 97 Pa. Commw. at 171-72, n. 2, 508 A.2d at 642, n. 2, DOT is better able than the common pleas court to handle applications for credit since the record presented to the common pleas court does not include all of the documents in DOT's possession.
Having found that our ruling in Yarbinitz governs, we must reverse the common pleas court. Appellee, however, is not without a remedy. He can seek administrative relief by asking DOT for a formal computation of credit. If Appellee is dissatisfied with this computation, he may file an appeal and present his case before a hearing examiner. Appellee may then file exceptions to the hearing examiner's report and have these exceptions reviewed by the Secretary of Transportation. Appellee may also appeal the Secretary's final adjudication to this Court. The aforementioned procedures, set forth in 1 Pa. Code § 35, provide Appellee with various administrative remedies which he must exhaust before this Court can afford him any relief.
ORDER
AND NOW, this 17th day of January, 1990, the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County dated March 17, 1989 is hereby reversed. The license suspension of Raymond Howard Cardell previously imposed in the above-captioned case is reinstated effective thirty days from the date of this order.