Summary
stating that "filing a motion to reconsider should not be a `Pavlovian Response' to an adverse ruling."
Summary of this case from Spearman Industries v. St. Paul Fire and MarineOpinion
No. 00 C 2555
March 5, 2001
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
Class action Plaintiffs Birgetta A. Davis Boyd and Charlene Harrison charged Defendant Norman P. Wexler with violating the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ("FDCPA" or "Act"), 15 U.S.C. § 1692 (e) (10). Plaintiffs claimed that Wexler falsely represented that he was acting in his professional capacity as an attorney when he sent debt collection letters to them, Plaintiffs now ask this Court to reconsider its order awarding summary judgment to Wexler. We deny the motion to reconsider for the following reasons.
RELEVANT FACTS
Plaintiffs each received debt collection letters sent by Wexler, an attorney who practices law at Wexler Wexler, on behalf of various creditor-clients. In their class action lawsuit, Plaintiffs claimed that Wexler violated the FDCPA because he falsely represented in his letters that he was acting as an attorney, even though he was not meaningfully involved with investigating or preparing their individual accounts. Wexler moved for summary judgment on his sworn deposition testimony that he was directly and personally involved in reviewing Plaintiffs' files and sending collection letters to them. In response, Plaintiffs submitted data from the mailing company used by Wexler Wexler that shows the volume of all letters mailed by the law firm over a several month period. Dividing the total number of letters mailed by the number of working hours in a day, Plaintiffs concluded that Wexler could not possibly have reviewed each individual file and collection letter he sent. Plaintiffs did not present any other affirmative evidence challenging Wexler's testimony.
LEGAL STANDARDS
I. Motion to Reconsider
Courts recognize motions to reconsider under Fed.R.Civ.P. 59(e). Motions for reconsideration serve only to correct manifest errors of law or fact or to present newly discovered evidence. Caisse Nationale de Credit Agricole v. CBI Indus., 90 F.3d 1264, 1269 (7th Cir. 1996). They do not permit parties to "rehash" old arguments or submit novel legal theories. In re Oil Spill by the "Amoco Cadiz," 794 F. Supp. 261, 267 (N.D.Ill. 1992), aff'd, 4 F.3d 997 (7th Cir. 1993) (unpublished). The Seventh Circuit observed that a motion for reconsideration performs a valuable function where "the Court has patently misunderstood a party, or has made a decision outside the adversarial issues presented to the Court by the parties, or has made an error not of reasoning but of apprehension. . . . Such problems rarely arise and the motion to reconsider should be equally rare." Bank of Waunakee v. Rochester Cheese Sales, Inc., 906 F.2d 1185, 1191 (7th Cir. 1990).
Parties should not routinely file motions to reconsider as a reaction to unfavorable decisions. "This Court, just like the National Football League, has done away with the concept of "instant replay."' Jefferson v. Sec. Pac. Fin. Servs., Inc., 162 F.R.D. 123, 125 (N.D. Ill. 1995). Unless parties can reasonably argue that the Court made a manifest error of law, misapprehended the facts or that the law has changed, their energies would be better spent pursuing their arguments on appeal. As we have previously stated, filing a motion to reconsider should not be a "Pavlovian Response" to an adverse ruling. See, e.g., Cal. Union Ins. Co. v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co., 930 F. Supp. 317, 319 (N.D.Ill. 1996).
II. Summary Judgment
Summary judgment is appropriate if the record shows that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c). A genuine issue for trial exists only when "evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party." Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986). The court must view the evidence in a light most favorable to the nonmoving party and draw all inferences in the nonmovant's favor. Cincinnati Ins. Co. v. Flanders Etec. Motor Serv., Inc., 40 F.3d 146, 150 (7th Cir. 1994). However, if the evidence is merely colorable, or is not sufficiently probative, summary judgment may be granted. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. at 249-50.
ANALYSIS
Plaintiffs in this case have not satisfied the legal standards for reconsideration. They do not present new evidence, and they fail to demonstrate a manifest error of law, a change in the law or a misapprehension of the facts. Instead, Plaintiffs simply reassert allegations made in their pleadings and stubbornly rely on a mathematical inference to create a triable issue of fact.
In their motion to reconsider, Plaintiffs argue that this Court made a manifest error by resolving an issue of credibility. They allege that the sheer volume of letters sent by Wexler Wexler over the span of several months must indicate that Defendant lied in his deposition when he stated that he was directly and personally involved with the sending of each letter. Plaintiffs set forth no other affirmative or newly discovered evidence to support their allegation. For the reasons that follow, we find Plaintiffs' mathematical calculation alone insufficient to establish a triable issue of fact.
As the nonmoving party, Plaintiffs carry the burden of producing "specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial." Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e); Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Co., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986). They cannot defeat summary judgment simply by asserting that a jury might disbelieve an opponent's affidavit to that effect. See Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. at 256-57. In their attempt to concoct an issue of credibility, Plaintiffs maintain that circumstantial evidence, in the form of their mathematical calculation of letter volume and working hours, is sufficient to give rise to a triable issue of fact. Plaintiffs are mistaken. Issues of credibility only defeat summary judgment "[w]here an issue of material fact cannot be resolved without observation of the demeanor of witnesses in order to evaluate their credibility." Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e) advisory committee note; Schoonejongen v. Curtiss-Wright Corp., 143 F.3d 120, 130 (3d Cir. 1998).
In this case, we based our decision to award summary judgment for Wexler on his uncontradicted and unrefuted testimony that he directly and personally reviewed Plaintiffs' files, reached a considered professional judgment that Plaintiffs' debts were valid and exercised discretion in deciding that Plaintiffs should be sent debt collection letters. We did not need to reach a decision regarding Wexler's credibility then, and we decline to do so now. Plaintiffs' mathematical inferences about the volume of letters sent are not probative of Wexler's state of mind and cannot give rise to an issue of credibility simply because they present an alternative theory. We reiterate that Plaintiffs did not submit any affirmative evidence directly contradicting Wexler's testimony that he participated meaningfully in the sending of Plaintiffs' debt collection letters despite having ample opportunity to obtain discovery on this very issue.
Drawing the most favorable inference from Plaintiffs' letter volume calculations, we can conclude that Wexler may have spent only a small amount of time on each individual account. However, the FDCPA does not specify, and no other court has yet defined, a minimum amount of time a lawyer must spend with each individual file to establish meaningful attorney involvement under the Act. Instead, courts proceed much like the Seventh Circuit in Avila, examining all the available evidence to determine whether a lawyer was "acting like a lawyer usually acts, directly control[ing] or supervis[ing] the process through which the letter was sent." Avila v. Rubin, 84 F.3d 222, 229 (7th Cir. 1996). The undisputed evidence before the Court established that Wexler met the Avila standard because he was "acting like a lawyer" in sending debt collection letters to Plaintiffs. Plaintiffs' attempt to recast their letter volume calculation as circumstantial evidence creating a triable issue of fact neither presents newly discovered evidence nor demonstrates a manifest error by this Court.
CONCLUSION
For these reasons, we deny Plaintiffs' motion to reconsider our decision awarding summary judgment for Defendant. (R. 25-1.)