Summary
In Boyd Rosene Assoc. v. Kansas Municipal Gas Agency, 113 F.3d 1245 (10th Cir. 1997) (unpublished disposition) (Rosene I), this court affirmed the district court's decisions granting summary judgment to then-defendant KMGA and denying KMGA's cross-appeal for attorney's fees. KMGA successfully petitioned this court for rehearing en banc, and this court held that rather than automatically applying the law of the state providing the substantive contract law, a court must engage in a choice of law analysis in determining attorney's fees issues.
Summary of this case from Boyd Rosene & Associates, Inc. v. Kansas Municipal Gas AgencyOpinion
Nos. 96-5199, 96-5209, 96-5211.
Filed August 21, 1997.
Steven M. Harris and Michael D. Davis of Doyle Harris, Tulsa, Oklahoma, for Plaintiff-Appellant-Cross-Appellee.
M. Benjamin Singletary, Richard B. Noulles, and Travis M. Dodd of Gable, Gotwals, Mock, Schwabe, Kihle Gaberino, Tulsa, Oklahoma, for Defendant-Appellee-Cross-Appellant Kansas Municipal Gas Agency.
J. David Jorgenson of Inhofe, Jorgenson, Balman Waller, Tulsa, Oklahoma, for Defendant-Appellee-Cross-Appellant City of Winfield, Kansas.
Appeals from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma.
(D.C. No. 95-C-674-B).
ORDER ON PETITION FOR REHEARING AND SUGGESTION FOR REHEARING EN BANC.
Defendants Kansas Municipal Gas Agency (KMGA) and the City of Winfield, Kansas, seek en banc consideration of whether a district court, sitting in diversity, must apply the choice-of-law rules of the state in which it sits in resolving an attorney's fee issue in a contract suit. We grant the petition for rehearing and dispose of the matter en banc without reargument. Fed.R.App.P. 40. We hold that a district court, sitting in diversity, must apply the substantive law of the state in which it sits, including its choice-of-law rules, in resolving an attorney's fee issue in a contract suit. In so holding, we clarify certain language in Bill's Coal Co., Inc. v. Board of Public Util., 887 F.2d 242 (10th Cir. 1989).
KMGA and Winfield prevailed on the appeal of the district court's entry of summary judgment in their favor on the contract claims of Plaintiff Boyd Rosene and Associates, Inc. See Boyd Rosene and Assoc., Inc. v. Kansas Municipal Gas Agency, Nos. 96-5199, 96-5209, 96-5211, 1997 WL 297677 (10th Cir. June 5, 1997) (unpublished). As the prevailing parties, KMGA and Winfield sought attorney's fees at the trial and appellate levels under Oklahoma attorney's fee statute, Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 12, Section(s) 936 (West 1988). The district court ruled that each party must bear its own attorney's fees. The panel affirmed the district court's ruling under the holding in Bill's Coal Co., Inc. v. Board of Public Utilities, 887 F.2d 242 (10th Cir. 1989).
In Bill's Coal, we held in part:
[T]he law in this circuit governing attorney's fees is clear. In Matter of King Resources Co., 651 F.2d 1349, 1353 (10th Cir. 1981), we held that "[t]hus in diversity cases generally, and certainly in this circuit, attorney fees are determined by state law and are substantive for diversity purposes." The substantive law of this case is Missouri law. Therefore, the trial court properly applied Missouri law in determining whether attorney's fees were proper.
Bill's Coal Co., 887 F.2d at 246 (footnote omitted). To the extent this language can be read as saying that in a contract suit, a federal court, sitting in diversity, must always resolve an issue about attorney's fees by applying the law of the state providing the substantive contract law, the language needs to be clarified.
First, in this circuit, the matter of attorney's fees in a diversity suit is substantive and is controlled by state law. See Public Serv. Co. of Colorado v. Continental Cas. Co., 26 F.3d 1508, 1520 (10th Cir. 1994); Missouri Pacific RR. Co. v. Kansas Gas and Elec. Co., 862 F.2d 796, 801 (10th Cir. 1988). Second, a federal court sitting in diversity must apply the substantive law of the state in which it sits, including the forum state's choice-of-law rules. See Klaxon v. Stentor Elec. Mfg. Co., Inc., 313 U.S. 487, 495-97 (1941); Barrett v. Tallon, 30 F.3d 1296, 1300 (10th Cir. 1994). Thus, in a contract suit, notwithstanding any language in Bill's Coal that may be read to the contrary, rather than automatically applying the law of the state providing the substantive contract law, a district court must first apply the forum state's choice-of-law rules in resolving attorney's fees issues.
Accordingly, we remand this case to the district court for an application of Oklahoma's choice-of-law rules to the issue of KMGA's and Winfield's request for attorney's fees, in the first instance, and, if an award is warranted, for a determination of an amount of attorney's fees for the defense of this action at the trial and appellate levels.
PETITION FOR REHEARING AND SUGGESTION FOR REHEARING EN BANC GRANTED; REMANDED.