Opinion
Opinion Filed January 7, 1958.
Appeal and Error.
1. V. S. 47, § 2124 conveys no authority for the transfer of a cause to the Supreme Court for the purpose of reviewing the decision of a superior judge, acting alone.
2. In the absence of a constitutional requirement, the Supreme Court has the power of appellate review only where the right is conferred by statute, and this right is granted or withheld at the election of the legislature.
3. When the Supreme Court has no jurisdiction of an appeal, it must dismiss the exceptions at its own instance.
Appeal under V. S. 47, § 2124 from Windsor County Court, December Term, 1956, Smith, J. Exceptions dismissed.
William F. Kissell and Tony F. Kissell for the defendants.
Russell A. Clark, Jr., and Bernard R. Dick for the plaintiff.
November Term, 1957.
Present: Cleary, Adams, Hulburd and Holden, JJ. and Sylvester, Supr. J.
The defendants by this appeal seek to obtain a review of an order of one of the superior judges. The bill of exceptions is directed to an order signed by a superior judge, which adjudged the affidavit of defense filed by the defendants to be insufficient.
It appears form the record that the plaintiff instituted a collection suit as defined by Rule 9 of the Rules of County Court, 1946. The defendants thereafter filed an affidavit of defense as provided in Rule 9 (2).
Thereupon the plaintiff questioned the sufficiency of the affidavit by notice in writing. The defendants, relying on their affidavit, notified the plaintiff to appear before a superior judge for hearing as provided in Rule 9.
The order sought to be reviewed states the matter came on for hearing before the Honorable Milford K. Smith, Superior Judge. The affidavit of defense was adjudged insufficient. The order further provides: "Pursuant to Section 2124, V. S. 1947, the undersigned Superior Judge, in his discretion, passes the foregoing to the Supreme Court before final judgment for hearing and determination of the exceptions taken and allowed."
V. S. 47, § 2124 provides: "When exceptions are taken and filed in a civil or criminal cause or proceeding in county court or court of chancery, in its discretion such court may pass the same and such cause or proceeding to the supreme court before final judgment, for hearing and determination on the exceptions; and the supreme court shall hear and determine the question upon such exceptions and render final judgment thereon, or remand the same to the county court, as seems just."
The statute upon which this appeal is founded conveys no authority to review the decision of a superior judge. It does not provide for the transfer of a cause before final judgment on the order of a superior judge, acting alone.
In the absence of a constitutional requirement, the Supreme Court has the power of appellate review only where the right is conferred by statute. Johnson v. Rickard, 115 Vt. 514, 515, 66 A.2d 23; Stevens v. Wright, 108 Vt. 359, 360-361, 187 A 518; Cutting v. Cutting, 101 Vt. 381, 384, 143 A 676. The right to review by this Court is granted or withheld at the election of the legislature. State v. Ploof, 116 Vt. 93, 96, 70 A.2d 575; Roddy v. Fitzgerald's Estate, 113 Vt. 472, 475, 35 A.2d 668; In re Walker Trust Estate, 112 Vt. 148, 151, 22 A.2d 183; Miles Block Co. v. Barre Chelsea R. Co., 96 Vt. 526, 527, 121 A 410. Thus far, the legislature has withheld authority to review the decision of a single superior judge. Stevens v. Wright, supra, at 360; Bagley v. Tudor, 108 Vt. 163, 164, 183 A 335; Cutting v. Cutting, supra, at 384.
The Supreme Court is without jurisdiction to determine the defendants' exceptions. Since the defect is jurisdictional, we are required to dismiss the defendants' exceptions at our own instance. In re Estate of Towner, 117 Vt. 554, 555, 97 A.2d 538; Beam v. Fish, 105 Vt. 96, 99, 163 A 591; Page v. Page's Admr., 91 Vt. 188, 189, 99 A 780.
Exceptions dismissed.