Opinion
2018–12783 Index No. 700943/15
03-24-2021
JAE DUK AHN, et al., respondents, v. KYONG KOO KANG, appellant, et al., defendants.
Paul W. Siegert, New York, NY, for appellant. Blackstone Law Group LLP, New York, N.Y. (Justin B. Perri, John D. Lovi, and Alexander J. Urbelis of counsel), for respondents.
Paul W. Siegert, New York, NY, for appellant.
Blackstone Law Group LLP, New York, N.Y. (Justin B. Perri, John D. Lovi, and Alexander J. Urbelis of counsel), for respondents.
REINALDO E. RIVERA, J.P., FRANCESCA E. CONNOLLY, VALERIE BRATHWAITE NELSON, LINDA CHRISTOPHER, JJ.
DECISION & ORDER
In an action, inter alia, to recover damages for fraud, the defendant Kyong Koo Kang appeals from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Queens County (Joseph J. Esposito, J.), entered April 10, 2018. The judgment, upon a jury verdict, is in favor of the plaintiffs and against that defendant in the principal sums of $390,000 for compensatory damages and $100,000 for exemplary damages.
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed, with costs.
The plaintiffs entered into a contract with the defendant Kyong Koo Kang (hereinafter the defendant) to purchase the defendant's dry cleaning business. However, unbeknownst to the plaintiffs, the defendant had been engaging in fraudulent schemes to falsely increase the business's sales records so as to raise the purchase price of the business. The plaintiffs commenced this action against the defendant and others, inter alia, to recover damages for fraud. A jury returned a verdict in favor of the plaintiffs and against the defendant, and the Supreme Court entered a judgment in accordance with the jury verdict. The defendant appeals.
The Supreme Court did not err in failing to invoke the doctrine of in pari delicto. "The doctrine of in pari delicto mandates that the courts will not intercede to resolve a dispute between two wrongdoers" ( Kirschner v. KPMG LLP, 15 N.Y.3d 446, 464, 912 N.Y.S.2d 508, 938 N.E.2d 941 ; see Candlewood Holdings, Inc. v. Valle, 134 A.D.3d 872, 874, 23 N.Y.S.3d 266 ). "[A]pplication of the doctrine requires that the plaintiff be ‘an active, voluntary participant in the unlawful activity that is the subject of the suit’ " ( BrandAid Mktg. Corp. v. Biss, 462 F.3d 216, 218 [2d Cir.], quoting Pinter v. Dahl, 486 U.S. 622, 636, 108 S.Ct. 2063, 100 L.Ed.2d 658 ). Here, the alleged wrongful acts on the part of the individual plaintiff are not subjects of the instant action.
The Supreme Court properly declined to instruct the jury with an adverse inference charge pursuant to PJI 1:77. "A party seeking an adverse inference charge against an opponent who has failed to produce a document must make a prima facie showing that the document in question actually exists, that it is under the opponent's control, and that there is no reasonable explanation for failing to produce it" ( Jean–Pierre v. Touro Coll., 40 A.D.3d 819, 820, 836 N.Y.S.2d 283 ). Here, not only was the defendant's request for the adverse inference charge untimely, but the defendant also failed to make a prima facie showing that the documents in question actually existed and were under the plaintiffs’ control. The defendant's remaining contentions are without merit.
RIVERA, J.P., CONNOLLY, BRATHWAITE NELSON and CHRISTOPHER, JJ., concur.