Opinion
518058.
2015-04-09
Sandy D. ZANKER–NICHOLS et al., as Co–Fiduciaries of the Estate of Adelaide C. Zanker, Deceased, Respondents, v. UNITED REFINING COMPANY et al., Foreign Corporations Doing Business as Kwik Fill, Appellants.
Peters, P.J., Rose and Lynch, JJ., concur.
Gerald A. Kinchy, Sayre, Pennsylvania, for appellants. Law Office of Ron Benjamin, Binghamton (Amy C. Chambers of counsel), for respondents.
Before: PETERS, P.J., GARRY, ROSE and LYNCH, JJ.
GARRY, J.
Appeal from an order of the Supreme Court (Reynolds Fitzgerald, J.), entered May 14, 2013 in Broome County, which granted plaintiffs' motion for costs.
This negligence action seeks damages for injuries sustained by decedent when she fell on defendants' premises in the City of Binghamton, Broome County. On the morning that the trial was scheduled to commence, defendants' counsel appeared and requested an adjournment on the ground that he was ill and unable to proceed. Supreme Court granted the adjournment. Plaintiffs then moved for costs, seeking reimbursement for cancellation fees paid to two experts who had been scheduled to testify at trial. The court granted the motion, directing defendants to reimburse plaintiffs in the amount of $6,900. Defendants appeal.
Although Supreme Court is vested with a broad authority to supervise and control the conduct of trial proceedings, in light of the findings and circumstances appearing upon the record, we must reverse. Courts are specifically authorized to impose “costs in the form of reimbursement for actual expenses reasonably incurred” as a result of frivolous conduct, which consists of actions that lack legal merit, are undertaken to cause delay or prolong litigation, or involve material false statements of fact (22 NYCRR 130–1.1[a]; see22 NYCRR 130–1.1[c] ). Here, those provisions do not apply, as the court determined that the request by defendants' counsel for an adjournment did not constitute such conduct.
Courts also have authority to impose “costs in the form of reimbursement for actual expenses reasonably incurred ... upon any attorney who, without good cause, fails to appear at a time and place scheduled for an action or proceeding to be heard before a designated court” (22 NYCRR 130–2.1[a] ). By definition, such an award requires a determination that an attorney acted without good cause; here again, the court made a contrary finding, to the effect that defendants' counsel was genuinely ill and thus unable to proceed on the day of trial. Further, the timely appearance of an attorney at the outset of a scheduled proceeding to request an adjournment on the ground that he or she is unable to proceed does not constitute a failure to appear within the meaning of this provision ( see Matter of Premo v. Breslin, 89 N.Y.2d 995, 997, 657 N.Y.S.2d 391, 679 N.E.2d 630 [1997]; see also Matter of Tanisea F., 44 A.D.3d 1043, 1044, 845 N.Y.S.2d 379 [2007] ). Finally, this provision “does not authorize the imposition of such a sanction upon a party personally” ( Rizzuto v. Rizzuto, 5 A.D.3d 579, 580, 774 N.Y.S.2d 159 [2004]; see Feldman v. Feldman, 300 A.D.2d 347, 348, 751 N.Y.S.2d 771 [2002] ).
In sum, Supreme Court premised the award of costs solely upon the harm caused to plaintiffs by the cancellation fees, rather than any type of misconduct by defendants or their counsel. Although the concern is understandable, for the reasons stated above the governing rules do not authorize the award, and no sound alternative basis has been enunciated. Accordingly, the order must be reversed. Defendants' remaining arguments are rendered academic by this determination.
ORDERED that the order is reversed, on the law, with costs.