Summary
finding district court had the authority to address custody issue sua sponte when parties had sufficient notice custody was at issue prior to hearing and had an opportunity to present relevant testimony and evidence on the issue
Summary of this case from Seward v. Seward (In re Marriage of Seward)Opinion
976 CAF 13-00557.
10-09-2015
In the Matter of Katherine D. WARREN, Petitioner–Respondent, v. Christopher J. MILLER, Respondent–Appellant. (Appeal No. 1.).
The Abbatoy Law Firm, PLLC, Rochester (David M. Abbatoy, Jr., of Counsel), for Respondent–Appellant. Timothy P. Donaher, Public Defender, Rochester (Jane I. Yoon of Counsel), for Petitioner–Respondent. Lorenzo Napolitano, Attorney for The Child, Rochester.
The Abbatoy Law Firm, PLLC, Rochester (David M. Abbatoy, Jr., of Counsel), for Respondent–Appellant.
Timothy P. Donaher, Public Defender, Rochester (Jane I. Yoon of Counsel), for Petitioner–Respondent.
Lorenzo Napolitano, Attorney for The Child, Rochester.
PRESENT: CENTRA, J.P., PERADOTTO, LINDLEY, WHALEN, AND DeJOSEPH, JJ.
Opinion
MEMORANDUM:Petitioner-respondent mother commenced the proceeding in appeal No. 1 to modify the parties' existing visitation schedule with respect to the parties' child. Family Court sua sponte determined, however, that the existing joint custody arrangement was unworkable and entered an amended order awarding sole custody and primary physical residence to the mother, and visitation and access to respondent-petitioner father. The father appeals from that amended order in appeal No. 1. In appeal No. 2, the father appeals from an order dismissing his order to show cause and petition to modify the amended order in appeal No. 1. We now affirm in appeal No. 1.
The father contends in appeal No. 1 that the court lacked jurisdiction to determine the issue of custody. We reject that contention. Even without an application for sole custody by one of the parties, the court herein had the authority to address the issue of custody inasmuch as the parties were “adequately apprised prior to the hearing that custody was at issue, and ... had a sufficient opportunity to present any testimony and evidence relevant to the issue of custody” (Matter of Heintz v. Heintz, 28 A.D.3d 1154, 1155, 813 N.Y.S.2d 591 ). “Once [the court] determine[s] that joint custody [is] not feasible, it [becomes] incumbent upon [the court] to determine a custodial arrangement based upon the best interests of the child [ ] despite the absence of a petition definitively seeking sole custody” (Matter of Mahoney v. Regan, 100 A.D.3d 1237, 1237–1238, 955 N.Y.S.2d 241 [internal quotation marks omitted], lv. denied 20 N.Y.3d 859, 2013 WL 518559 ; see Heintz, 28 A.D.3d at 1154–1155, 813 N.Y.S.2d 591 ; Matter of Miller v. Orbaker, 17 A.D.3d 1145, 1145–1146, 793 N.Y.S.2d 840, lv. denied 5 N.Y.3d 714, 806 N.Y.S.2d 165, 840 N.E.2d 134 ).
In the instant case, the record establishes that the court informed the parties on two occasions prior to the hearing that sole custody would be at issue. In addition, during the hearing, and before the father engaged in cross-examination or called his first witness, the court specifically warned the father that he could lose custody if he failed to present evidence contradicting the mother's testimony. We note that the father demonstrated his understanding of the court's intent to determine the issue of custody by referencing it during his opening statement, by presenting testimony and evidence in support of his request therefor and, in his summation, by characterizing the proceeding as “a contested custody matter” and specifically requesting that he be awarded sole custody.
We reject the father's further contention in appeal No. 1 that the court's custody determination lacks a sound and substantial basis in the record. “Generally a court's determination regarding custody and visitation issues, based on its first-hand assessment of the credibility of the witnesses after an evidentiary hearing, is entitled to great weight and will not be set aside unless it lacks an evidentiary basis in the record” (Matter of Dubuque v. Bremiller, 79 A.D.3d 1743, 1744, 913 N.Y.S.2d 855 [internal quotation marks omitted]; see Matter of Marino v. Marino, 90 A.D.3d 1694, 1695, 935 N.Y.S.2d 818 ). Here, we conclude that the court's determination is supported by the requisite evidentiary basis. Notably, the record establishes that the father interfered with the child's enrollment in educational programming and that, although the child was diagnosed with a behavioral disorder, the father refused to acknowledge the disorder and to administer the child's prescribed medication. We therefore see no reason to disturb the court's determination. The father's contentions raised for the first time in his reply brief are not properly before us (see Matter of Rossborough v. Alatawneh, 129 A.D.3d 1537, 1538, 11 N.Y.S.3d 368 ), and we decline to take judicial notice of items submitted by the father outside of the record on appeal.
In light of our determination in appeal No. 1, we dismiss the appeal in appeal No. 2 as moot.
It is hereby ORDERED that the amended order so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.