Eight leaders of the Birmingham protests were ultimately convicted for violating the injunction. But their appeals were heard by the United States Supreme Court in Walker v. City of Birmingham, 388 U.S. 307 (1967) and Shuttlesworth v. Birmingham, 394 U.S. 147 (1969). Ina five-to-four decision in Walker, the Supreme Court upheld the convictions for violating the injunction, finding that protest leaders should have applied to the Alabama courts to have the injunction modified or dissolved, rather than willfully violate it.