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U.S. v. Ramos-Cruz

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
Dec 16, 2010
406 F. App'x 177 (9th Cir. 2010)

Opinion

No. 09-50670.

Argued and Submitted December 9, 2010.

Filed December 16, 2010.

Stephen Frederick Miller, Office of the U.S. Attorney, San Diego, CA, for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Candis Mitchell, Federal Defenders of San Diego, Inc., San Diego, CA, for Defendants-Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, Janis L. Sammartino, District Judge, Presiding. D.C. No. 3:08-cr-04494-JLS-1.

Before: TROTT, WARDLAW, and IKUTA, Circuit Judges.


MEMORANDUM

This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.

The IJ's classification of Ramos-Cruz's felony DUI conviction under California Vehicle Code § 23152(b) as an aggravated felony was an error. See Leocal v. Ashcrofr 543 U.S. 1, 11, 125 S.Ct. 377, 160 L.Ed.2d 271 (2004); Montiel-Barraza v. INS, 275 F.3d 1178, 1180 (9th Cir. 2002). That this error became apparent only in light of later-decided authority does not alter our analysis. Compare United States v. Pallares-Galan, 359 F.3d 1088, 1103-04 (9th Cir. 2004), with Avila-Sanchez v. Mukasey, 509 F.3d 1037, 1040-41 (9th Cir. 2007), and Alvarenga-Villalobos v. Ashcroft, 271 F.3d 1169, 1172-73 (9th Cir. 2001). Therefore, the IJ's failure to inform Ramos-Cruz of his eligibility for relief from removal violated Ramos-Cruz's due process rights, and his waiver of appeal from the removal order cannot bar him from collaterally attacking that order. See 8 U.S.C. § 1326(d)(1)-(2); United States v. Muro-Inclan, 249 F.3d 1180, 1183 (9th Cir. 2001) ("The exhaustion requirement of 8 U.S.C. § 1326(d) cannot bar collateral review of a deportation proceeding when the waiver of right to an administrative appeal did not comport with due process.").

Ramos-Cruz has also demonstrated that he was prejudiced by the IJ's error, see 8 U.S.C. § 1326(d)(3), because the sole basis for his removal was that he had committed an aggravated felony, namely, his felony DUI. See United States v. Camacho-Lopez, 450 F.3d 928, 930 (9th Cir. 2006). The 2004 and 2008 reinstatement orders are irrelevant to the question of prejudice, because a reinstatement of an invalid removal order is itself invalid. United States v. Arias-Ordonez, 597 F.3d 972, 978 (9th Cir. 2010).

Accordingly, we reverse Ramos-Cruz's conviction and remand to the district court with instructions to vacate the underlying indictment. Because we reverse Ramos-Cruz's conviction, we need not reach his arguments regarding his sentence.

REVERSED AND REMANDED.


Summaries of

U.S. v. Ramos-Cruz

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
Dec 16, 2010
406 F. App'x 177 (9th Cir. 2010)
Case details for

U.S. v. Ramos-Cruz

Case Details

Full title:UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Fernando RAMOS-CRUZ…

Court:United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit

Date published: Dec 16, 2010

Citations

406 F. App'x 177 (9th Cir. 2010)

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