Furthermore, under the attempt provision of subsection (d), a culpable party must intend to dissuade someone from testifying. See United States v. Charette, 220 Fed. App'x 721, 723 (9th Cir. 2007) (reading intent to dissuade into subsection (d)); United States v. Wilson, 796 F.2d 55, 57 (4th Cir. 1986) (discussing precursor statute with same language, and explaining that it covers conduct that does not actually dissuade a person from testifying if the individual is attempting to dissuade). As I have already explained, although Grassick presents sufficient allegations of retaliation, she has failed to allege facts from which I can infer that defendants specifically intended to affect her testimony.