Opinion
No. 09-31192 Summary Calendar.
August 27, 2010.
Cristina Walker, Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. Attorney's Office, Western District of Louisiana, Shreveport, LA, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
Christopher Michael Brown, Coleman, FL, pro se.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana, USDC No. 1:01-CR-10012-2.
Before WIENER, PRADO, and OWEN, Circuit Judges.
Christopher Michael Brown, federal prisoner # 10980-035, was convicted by a jury of various offenses relating to a drug distribution conspiracy. He was sentenced to concurrent terms of life in prison on the conspiracy count and 40 years on distribution charges. In addition, the court imposed a $250,000 fine. We affirmed his conviction on direct appeal, and Brown unsuccessfully sought relief via a 28 U.S.C. § 2255 motion.
Brown then filed a motion seeking modification of his fine, arguing that the district court erred by imposing the fine without considering certain factors, such as his ability to pay, the effect on his dependents, and the length of the sentence. The court dismissed the motion, and Brown now appeals.
Brown's reliance on various provisions of Rule 60 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure is unavailing. To the extent that he challenges the underlying criminal judgment, Rule 60 cannot provide relief because it applies only to civil proceedings. To the extent that Brown's motion may be deemed as challenging the result of his prior 28 U.S.C. § 2255 proceeding, it is successive. See United States v. Rich, 141 F.3d 550, 551-53 (5th Cir. 1998). Brown has not obtained authorization to file such a motion, which we would deny because his claims do not satisfy the standard for a successive motion. 28 U.S.C. § 2255(h). Even if the claims were not successive, Brown could not raise them via 28 U.S.C. § 2255 or 28 U.S.C. § 2241, because they could have been raised on direct appeal and because a fine does not satisfy the "in custody" requirement for such collateral relief. See United States v. Segler, 37 F.3d 1131, 1135-37 (5th Cir. 1994).
The motion likewise does not qualify as a writ of coram nobis, see United States v. Dyer, 136 F.3d 417, 422 (5th Cir. 1998), or a writ of audita querela, see United States v. Miller, 599 F.3d 484, 489 (5th Cir. 2010). Further, Brown's motion does not fall under the fine and sentence modification provisions of 18 U.S.C. § 3573 or Rule 35(b) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, which, by their plain language, provide relief only on petition or motion by the Government. See United States v. Early, 27 F.3d 140, 141 (5th Cir. 1994) ("[O]nly the Government can file a motion for reduction of a defendant's sentence" under Rule 35(b).). Rule 52(b), cited by Brown in his motion, merely sets forth the plain error standard; it provides no procedural mechanism for relief.
For the foregoing reasons, we AFFIRM the judgment of the district court dismissing Brown's motion.