Opinion
No. 11-50317 D.C. No. 2:10-cr-01083-SVW-1
11-05-2012
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff - Appellee, v. OSWALDO RAMIREZ, AKA Flaco, AKA Speedy, Defendant - Appellant.
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
MEMORANDUM
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Central District of California
Stephen V. Wilson, District Judge, Presiding
Submitted October 9, 2012
The panel unanimously finds this case suitable for decision without oral argument. Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
Pasadena, California
Before: EBEL, FERNANDEZ, and BERZON, Circuit Judges.
The Honorable David M. Ebel, Senior United States Circuit Judge for the Tenth Circuit, sitting by designation.
Oswaldo Ramirez appeals his sentence for conspiracy to engage in the business of dealing in firearms without a license. See 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 922(a)(1)(A). We affirm.
(1) Ramirez first asserts that the district court committed procedural errorin calculating his Guideline range. He contends the court improperly added one point to his criminal history score due to a state drug conviction that had been set aside after Ramirez's successful completion of drug treatment and the terms of probation. We disagree. While Ramirez did benefit from a state diversion program, he was afforded that after his guilty plea. Moreover, his conviction was not expunged because it could still be used in a number of important ways; its effects were not inconsiderable. See Cal. Penal Code § 1210.1(e)(3); People v. DeLong, 101 Cal. App. 4th 482, 484, 491, 124 Cal. Rptr. 2d 293, 294, 299-300 (2002) ("[T]he conviction still exists for some purposes and has certain prejudicial collateral consequences."); see also People v. Myers, 170 Cal. App. 4th 512, 517, 87 Cal. Rptr. 3d 916, 918-19 (2009) (recognizing that a person whose conviction is set aside under § 1210.1(e) can be treated differently because he committed a felony). Thus, Ramirez's state drug conviction existed and for Guidelines purposes was not expunged. See United States v. Bays, 589 F.3d 1035, 1039 (9th Cir. 2009); United States v. Hayden, 255 F.3d 768, 772, 774 (9th Cir. 2001). While in the context of our immigration cases we have alluded to section 1210.1 in a manner that suggested it was an expungement statute, that was not in the context of the Guidelines and the niceties of set aside versus expungement were not the focus of our decision.
See United States v. Carty, 520 F.3d 984, 993 (9th Cir. 2008) (en banc).
See USSG §4A1.2. All references to the Sentencing Guidelines are to the November 1, 2010, version unless otherwise stated.
Ramirez pled guilty to a violation of California Health and Safety Code section 11377(a).
See Cal. Penal Code § 1210.1(e)(1), held unconstitutional in other part by Gardner v. Schwarzenegger, 178 Cal. App. 4th 1366, 101 Cal. Rptr. 3d 229 (2009).
See USSG §4A1.2(f), & comment. (n.9).
See USSG §4A1.2(j), & comment. (n.10).
See Nunez-Reyes v. Holder, 646 F.3d 684, 687-88 (9th Cir. 2011) (en banc).
Cf. Hayden, 255 F.3d at 773.
(2) Ramirez next asserts that the district court committed procedural error because it did not sufficiently explain its consideration of the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) sentencing factors. Again, we must disagree. Ramirez did not raise this issue at the district court, so our review is for plain error. See United States v. Ayala-Nicanor, 659 F.3d 744, 746-47 (9th Cir. 2011), cert. denied, __ U.S. __, 132 S. Ct. 1941, 182 L. Ed. 2d 797 (2012). Here there was no error at all, much less plain error. Rather, our "review of the sentencing hearing transcript establishes that the district court provided an adequate explanation for the sentence it imposed." United States v. Apodaca, 641 F.3d 1077, 1081 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, __ U.S. __, 132 S. Ct. 296, 181 L. Ed. 2d 179 (2011). That is particularly true in light of the record and the fact that we assume the district court was well aware of the law and of its obligations. In fact, no lengthy explanation was required in this relatively straightforward case. See Carty, 520 F.3d at 992.
See United States v. Blinkinsop, 606 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir. 2010) cert. denied, __ U.S. __, 132 S. Ct. 1055, 181 L. Ed. 2d 774 (2012).
See Carty, 520 F.3d at 992.
(3) Finally, Ramirez contends that his sentence was substantively unreasonable. However, the district court did explain the reasons for its nine-month upward variance from the Guideline range, and the record exhibits the court's "'rational and meaningful consideration of the factors enumerated in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a).'" United States v. Ressam, 679 F.3d 1069, 1089 (9th Cir. 2012) (en banc). This simply is not a "rare case" where we can find that the district court abused its discretion.
Ressam, 679 F.3d at 1088 (internal quotation marks omitted).
See United States v. Autery, 555 F.3d 864, 871 (9th Cir. 2009).
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AFFIRMED.