Opinion
No. 73-1763.
Argued December 12, 1973.
Decided January 10, 1974.
Stanley Fink, Memphis, Tenn., on brief, for defendant-appellant.
Thomas F. Turley, Jr., U.S. Atty., Robert F. Colvin, Asst. U.S. Atty., Western District of Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn., on brief, for plaintiff-appellee.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee.
Before EDWARDS, CELEBREZZE and MILLER, Circuit Judges.
This is an appeal from judgments and sentences entered on a three-count indictment after a jury trial in the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee, Western Division. Appellant had been charged with violations of 21 U.S.C. § 841 (1970), and 18 U.S.C. § 2 (1970), for aiding and abetting and for serving as a principal in the sale and distribution of heroin.
On review of the briefs and appendices and oral arguments, the court finds that the record contains ample evidence from which the jury verdicts of guilty could properly have been entered. Additionally, we find no reversible error in the court's handling of voir dire of the prospective jurors, United States v. Carabbia, 381 F.2d 133 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 389 U.S. 1007, 88 S.Ct. 564, 19 L.Ed.2d 602 (1967), nor in the rulings on admission or exclusion of evidence.
As to this latter question pertaining to the offer of polygraph evidence, see United States v. Tremont, 351 F.2d 144 (6th Cir. 1965), cert. denied, 383 U.S. 944, 86 S.Ct. 1198, 16 L.Ed.2d 207 (1966).
The principal issue argued before the court concerned whether or not the first two counts of the indictment represented in actuality the commission of only one crime. In this regard the first and second counts charged the defendant with aiding and abetting in the sale of 104 grams of a substance containing heroin, and another count of aiding and abetting in the sale of .76 grams of a substance containing heroin, both on the same day and through the same agent.
The government's testimony on this score, however, indicated that the sale arranged with appellant Noel pertained to two "spoons" of heroin for two separate individuals. The security restrictions of the seller called for delivery by another person at a specific time and place and to only one party. We regard these facts as being such as to require differing substantive proofs as to the two offenses, and that as a consequence, convictions on the two counts were valid.
In addition, we note that the District Judge administered the same sentence on all three counts, with the sentences being designated to run concurrently.
see Barnes v. United States, 412 U.S. 837, 848 n. 16, 93 S.Ct. 2357, 37 L.Ed.2d 380 (1973).
No other issues of merit being presented, we affirm the judgment of the District Court.