Opinion
Criminal No. 13–770–07 JAF.
07-30-2014
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff, v. Jesus NEGRON–ROSSY, Defendant.
Carlos R. Cardona–Torres, United States Attorneys Office, San Juan, PR, for Plaintiff. Joseph C. Laws, San Juan, PR, for Defendant.
Carlos R. Cardona–Torres, United States Attorneys Office, San Juan, PR, for Plaintiff.
Joseph C. Laws, San Juan, PR, for Defendant.
ORDER
JOSÉ ANTONIO FUSTÉ, District Judge.
The court issues this Order to clarify the government's standard of proof for showing the amount of drugs involved when a defendant pleads guilty to an indictment alleging an amount of drugs that meets or exceeds the amount necessary to trigger the mandatory minimum sentence in § 2D1.1.
The Supreme Court in Alleyne found that “facts that increase mandatory minimum sentences must be submitted to the jury” and proven beyond a reasonable doubt. Alleyne v. United States, 570 U.S. ––––, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 2163, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013). Alleyne overruled Harris v. United States, 536 U.S. 545, 122 S.Ct. 2406, 153 L.Ed.2d 524 (2002), to the extent that a certain finding alters a mandatory minimum. Alleyne does not, however, require all facts considered by the court for sentencing to be determined beyond a reasonable doubt. Alleyne, 133 S.Ct. at 2163.
Following the Supreme Court decision in Alleyne, the First Circuit found that “factual findings made for purposes of applying the Guidelines, which influence the 19 sentencing judge's discretion in imposing an advisory Guidelines sentence and do not result in imposition of a mandatory minimum sentence,” need not be submitted to a jury. United States v. Ramirez–Negron, 751 F.3d 42, 44 (1st Cir.2014). Thus, in drug cases, when the defendant pleads guilty to an indictment alleging an amount necessary to trigger the mandatory minimum, Alleyne does not apply and the government need only prove the amount of drugs involved by a preponderance of the evidence. For example, because there is no increase in the mandatory minimum after 5 kilos of powder cocaine, Alleyne is not triggered when a defendant pleads guilty to being involved with “5 or more” kilos.
Accordingly, following a guilty plea to an amount of drugs triggering the mandatory minimum sentence and absent a stipulation as to the amount of drugs involved, the court will make its finding of the amount of drugs in question based on the preponderance of the evidence.
This ruling disposes of any remaining issue in Docket No. 222.