The judgment of the trial court insofar as it affects Patrick A. Turcotte and Robert A. Turcotte was reversed and remanded for trial on the merits. Turcotte v. Trevino, 544 S.W.2d 463 (Tex.Civ.App. Corpus Christi, 1976). We reverse the judgment of the court of civil appeals and affirm the judgment of the trial court.
In addition, there is evidence other than the style of the account to indicate that the parties agreed to segregate the funds as a trust. We find particular support for our holding in the rule stated in Turcotte v. Trevino, 499 S.W.2d 705 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1973, writ ref'd n.r.e.), on remand, 544 S.W.2d 463 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1976), rev'd on other grounds, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978). In that case, the Texas Court of Appeals wrote:
Barratry by solicitation has been criminalized in the State of Texas since 1901, when the penal code was amended to outlaw "the fomenting of litigation by attorneys at law by soliciting employment." McCloskey v. San Antonio Traction Co., 192 S.W. 1116, 1119 (Tex.Civ.App.-San Antonio 1917, writ ref'd); see, e.g., Turcotte v. Trevino, 544 S.W.2d 463, 474 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1976) (Article 430 of former penal code "made it illegal for a person to seek through solicitation employment to prosecute, defend or collect any claim, or to procure another to solicit for him employment in such claim"), reversed on other grounds, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978). Furthermore, the Texas Disciplinary Rules of Professional Conduct also forbid the solicitation of employment by lawyers — in language strikingly similar to that of the penal code:
Fernandez alleges she is the biological, extramarital daughter and sole heir of John G. Kenedy, Jr. I present only an abbreviated summary of events here to place this request for extraordinary relief in its proper context. Trevino v. Turcotte, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978); Corpus Christi Bank Trust v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 444 S.W.2d 632 (Tex. 1969); Turcotte v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 402 S.W.2d 894 (Tex. 1966); Turcotte v. Trevino, 544 S.W.2d 463 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1976), rev'd, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978); Turcotte v. Trevino, 467 S.W.2d 573 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1971, writ ref'd n.r.e.) (per curiam); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Trevino, 445 S.W.2d 237 (Tex.Civ.App.-Beaumont 1969, no writ); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Corpus Christi Bank Trust, 431 S.W.2d 611 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1968), aff'd, 444 S.W.2d 632 (Tex. 1969); Gregory v. Lytton, 422 S.W.2d 586 (Tex.Civ.App.-San Antonio 1967, writ ref'd n.r.e.); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Edwards, 408 S.W.2d 307 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1966, no writ); Edwards v. State of Texas ex rel. Lytton, 406 S.W.2d 537 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1966, writ ref'd); Turcotte v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 394 S.W.2d 228 (Tex.Civ.App.-Waco 1965), rev'd, 402 S.W.2d 894 (Tex. 1966); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Edwards, 383 S.W.2d 482 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1964, writ ref'd n.r.e.) (per curiam); Kimmel v. Lytton, 371 S.W.2d 927 (Tex.Civ.App.-Waco 1963, writ ref'd). The John G. and Marie Stella Kenedy Memorial Foundation (the "Foundation
Fernandez alleges she is the biological, extramarital daughter and sole heir of John G. Kenedy, Jr. Trevino v. Turcotte, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978); Corpus Christi Bank Trust v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 444 S.W.2d 632 (Tex. 1969); Turcotte v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 402 S.W.2d 894 (Tex. 1966); Turcotte v. Trevino, 544 S.W.2d 463 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1976), rev'd, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978); Turcotte v. Trevino, 467 S.W.2d 573 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1971, writ ref'd n.r.e.) (per curiam); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Trevino, 445 S.W.2d 237 (Tex.Civ.App.-Beaumont 1969, no writ); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Corpus Christi Bank Trust, 431 S.W.2d 611 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1968), aff'd, 444 S.W.2d 632 (Tex. 1969); Gregory v. Lytton, 422 S.W.2d 586 (Tex.Civ.App.-San Antonio 1967, writ ref'd n.r.e.); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Edwards, 408 S.W.2d 307 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1966, no writ); Edwards v. State of Texas ex rel. Lytton, 406 S.W.2d 537 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1966, writ ref'd); Turcotte v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 394 S.W.2d 228 (Tex.Civ.App.-Waco 1965), rev'd, 402 S.W.2d 894 (Tex. 1966); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Edwards, 383 S.W.2d 482 (Tex.Civ.App.-Corpus Christi 1964, writ ref'd n.r.e.) (per curiam); Kimmel v. Lytton, 371 S.W.2d 927 (Tex.Civ.App.-Waco 1963, writ ref'd). The John G. and Marie Stella Kenedy Memorial Foundation (the "Foundation
Fernandez alleges she is the biological, extramarital daughter and sole heir of John G. Kenedy, Jr. I present only an abbreviated summary of events here to place this request for extraordinary relief in its proper context. Trevino v. Turcotte, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978); Corpus Christi Bank Trust v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 444 S.W.2d 632 (Tex. 1969); Turcotte v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 402 S.W.2d 894 (Tex. 1966); Turcotte v. Trevino, 544 S.W.2d 463 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1976, rev'd, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978); Turcotte v. Trevino, 467 S.W.2d 573 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1971, writ ref'd n.r.e.) (per curiam); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Trevino, 445 S.W.2d 237 (Tex.Civ.App. — Beaumont 1969, no writ); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Corpus Christi Bank Trust, 431 S.W.2d 611 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1968), aff'd, 444 S.W.2d 632 (Tex. 1969); Gregory v. Lytton, 422 S.W.2d 586 (Tex. Civ. App. — San Antonio 1967, writ ref'd n.r.e.); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Edwards, 408 S.W.2d 307 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1966, no writ); Edwards v. State of Texas ex rel. Lytton, 406 S.W.2d 537 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1966, writ ref'd); Turcotte v. Alice Nat'l Bank, 394 S.W.2d 228 (Tex.Civ.App. — Waco 1965), rev'd, 402 S.W.2d 894 (Tex. 1966); Alice Nat'l Bank v. Edwards, 383 S.W.2d 482 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1964, writ ref'd n.r.e.) (per curiam); Kimmel v. Lytton, 371 S.W.2d 927 (Tex.Civ.App. — Waco 1963, writ ref'd). The John G. and
We do not agree with Weiss's conclusion that the section was not intended to bar an attorney from making false statements of fact or law to a tribunal when they are before the tribunal as a party, at least in a case such as this where his appearance as a party is due to his status as an attorney. Weiss relies upon the cases of Jackson v. State, 21 Tex. 668 (1858); Turcotte v. Trevino, 544 S.W.2d 463 (Tex.Civ.App. — Corpus Christi 1976), rev'd on other grounds, 564 S.W.2d 682 (Tex. 1978); and Lotto v. State, 208 S.W. 563 (Tex.Civ.App. — San Antonio 1919, no writ). We have examined all of these cases and find that none involves a misrepresentation to any tribunal in any capacity, much less one made in the capacity of an attorney subject to a disciplinary proceeding.
Estoppel may also be established where a party, who has a right to accept or reject a transaction, takes or retains benefits thereunder. Turcotte v. Trevino, 499 S.W.2d 705, 716 (Tex.App. — Corpus Christi 1973, writ ref'd n.r.e.), appeal after remand, 544 S.W.2d 463, reversed, 564 S.W.2d 682. This "Quasi Estoppel" forbids a party from accepting the benefits of a transaction or statute and then subsequently taking an inconsistent position to avoid corresponding obligations or effects. Matter of Davidson, 947 F.2d 1294, 1297 (5th Cir. 1991). However, because the Bank did not plead this form of estoppel, we address their cause of action according to the traditional elements of estoppel.