Opinion
18 Civ. 2221 (PAE)
10-03-2019
TRUSTEES OF THE NEW YORK CITY DISTRICT COUNCIL OF CARPENTERS PENSION FUND, WELFARE FUND, ANNUITY FUND, and APPRENTICESHIP, JOURNEYMAN RETRAINING, EDUCATIONAL AND INDUSTRY FUND; TRUSTEES OF THE NEW YORK CITY CARPENTERS RELIEF AND CHARITY FUND; THE NEW YORK CITY AND VICINITY CARPENTERS LABOR-MANAGEMENT CORPRATION; and THE NEW YORK CITY DISTRICT COUNCIL OF CARPENTERS, Petitioners, v. N.B.A CONSTRUCTION INC., Respondent.
OPINION & ORDER
:
Petitioners—the Trustees of the New York City District Council of Carpenters Pension Fund, Welfare Fund, Annuity Fund, and Apprenticeship, Journeyman Retraining, Educational and Industry Fund (the "ERISA Funds"); Trustees of the New York City Carpenters Relief and Charity Fund (the "Charity Fund"); the New York City and Vicinity Carpenters Labor-Management Corporation (together with the ERISA Funds and the Charity Fund, the "Funds"); and the New York City District Council of Carpenters (the "Union")—seek confirmation of an arbitration award issued against respondent N.B.A Construction Inc. ("N.B.A Construction"). See Dkt. 1 ("Pet."), Ex. G ("Award"). N.B.A Construction is an employer bound by a project labor agreement and a collective bargaining agreement with the Union. See Pet. ¶ 9-12. On March 13, 2018, petitioners commenced this action pursuant to Section 301 of the Labor Management Relations Act ("LMRA"), 29 U.S.C. § 185. For the following reasons, the Court confirms the Award. I. Background
The following undisputed facts are derived from the Petition and the exhibits attached thereto.
A. The Parties and Their Agreements
The ERISA Funds are multiemployer labor-management trust funds organized and maintained pursuant to ERISA. Pet. ¶ 4. The Charity Fund was established under the Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. § 501(c)(3). Id. ¶ 5. The New York City and Vicinity Carpenters Labor-Management Corporation is a not-for-profit corporation. Id. ¶ 6. The Union is a labor organization that represents employees working in an industry affecting commerce as defined by Section 501 of the LMRA. Id. ¶ 7. N.B.A Construction is an "employer" in an industry affecting commerce and maintained this status at all times relevant to this lawsuit. Id. ¶ 8.
On approximately July 26, 2015, N.B.A Construction entered into an initial agreement with the Union. Id. ¶ 9. Beginning in March 2016, N.B.A Construction executed six affidavits that bound it to the New York City School Construction Authority Project Labor Agreement Covering Specified Construction Work Under the Capital Improvement Program for 2014 through 2019 (the "PLA"). Id. ¶ 10. The PLA caused N.B.A Construction to be bound by the Union's Independent Building Construction Agreement (the "CBA"). Id. ¶ 11. The CBA became effective for N.B.A Construction as of July 24, 2015. Award at 2. The CBA required N.B.A Construction to: pay contributions to the Funds for all work performed under the PLA within the trade and geographical jurisdiction of the Union, Pet. ¶ 12; to submit to audits by the Funds to determine whether the necessary contributions were remitted, id. ¶ 13; and to abide by the policies, rules, and regulations adopted by the Funds, id. ¶ 14. The CBA also provided that "[s]hould any dispute or disagreement arise between the parties hereto . . . concerning any claim arising from payments to the Fund of principal and/or interest which is allegedly due, either party may seek arbitration of the dispute before the impartial arbitrator." Id. ¶ 16.
As a participating employer with the Funds, N.B.A Construction was also bound under the CBA to the terms of a Revised Statement of Policy for Collection of Employer Contributions (the "Collection Policy"). Id. ¶ 15. In the event of legal action, the CBA and the Collection Policy provide that the employer shall pay to the Funds all unpaid contributions due, interest on such unpaid contributions at Citibank's prime rate plus 2%, liquidated damages in the amount of 20% of the unpaid contributions, and reasonable attorneys' fees and costs. Id. ¶ 18.
B. The Arbitral Award
Petitioners conducted an audit of N.B.A Construction's books and records for the period between July 24, 2015 and September 25, 2016. Id. ¶ 19. The audit revealed that N.B.A Construction had failed to remit the correct amount of contributions to the Funds during that period. Id. A dispute arose when N.B.A Construction again failed to remit the owed contributions, as well as contributions that became due after September 25, 2016. Id. ¶ 20. Petitioners initiated arbitration proceedings before arbitrator Roger E. Maher, who sent notice of the scheduled hearing to N.B.A Construction by regular and certified mail. Id. ¶ 21. Despite being notified of the arbitration, N.B.A Construction did not appear. Award at 1-2.
Petitioners presented evidence of the audit they conducted and the associated delinquent contributions. Id. at 2. On September 14, 2017, arbitrator Maher issued the Award, finding that, based "[u]pon the substantial and credible evidence of the case as a whole," N.B.A Construction owed the Funds the delinquent contributions. Id. Maher directed N.B.A Construction to pay to the Funds a total of $136,422.55, comprising delinquent contributions, interest, liquidated damages, late payment interest, costs, and fees. Id. at 3.
C. This Action
On March 13, 2018, after N.B.A Construction failed to comply fully with petitioners' demand for the Award amount, petitioners filed this action seeking to confirm the Award. Dkt. 1. As of the filing date, N.B.A Construction had paid $35,422.93 toward the Award, leaving an unpaid balance of $100,999.62 due. Pet. ¶ 25. On March 15, 2018, petitioners effected service, making the deadline for an answer April 5, 2018. Dkt. 7. On September 12, 2018, counsel for N.B.A Construction filed a notice of appearance, noting that he would "seek agreement with counsel [for petitioner] regarding the resolution of this matter; or, in the alternate, . . . submit a motion for relief related to the pending default if discussions fail." Dkt. 9. N.B.A Construction has not formally opposed the Petition or otherwise filed any documents in this matter since then.
II. Discussion
A. Applicable Legal Standards
"Arbitration awards are not self-enforcing"; "they must be given force and effect by being converted to judicial orders by courts." Power Partners MasTec, LLC v. Premier Power Renewable Energy, Inc., No. 14 Civ. 8420 (WHP), 2015 WL 774714, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 20, 2015) (quoting D.H. Blair & Co. v. Gottdiener, 462 F.3d 95, 104 (2d Cir. 2006)). The Federal Arbitration Act provides a "'streamlined' process for a party seeking 'a judicial decree confirming an award.'" Salzman v. KCD Fin., Inc., No. 11 Civ. 5865 (DLC), 2011 WL 6778499, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 21, 2011) (quoting Hall St. Assocs. v. Mattel, Inc., 552 U.S. 576, 582 (2008)).
"Normally, confirmation of an arbitration award is a summary proceeding that merely makes what is already a final arbitration award a judgment of the court, and the court must grant the award unless the award is vacated, modified, or corrected." D.H. Blair, 462 F.3d at 110 (citation and internal quotation marks omitted). In this Circuit, "[t]he showing required to avoid summary confirmation of an arbitration award is high." Willemijn Houdstermaatschappij, BV v. Standard Microsys. Corp., 103 F.3d 9, 12 (2d Cir. 1997) (quoting Ottley v. Schwartzberg, 819 F.2d 373, 376 (2d Cir. 1987)); see also Duferco Int'l Steel Trading v. T. Klaveness Shipping A/S, 333 F.3d 383, 388 (2d Cir. 2003) ("It is well established that courts must grant an [arbitrator's] decision great deference.").
Review of an arbitral award by a district court "is 'severely limited' so as not unduly to frustrate the goals of arbitration, namely to settle disputes efficiently and avoid long and expensive litigation." Salzman, 2011 WL 6778499, at *2 (quoting Willemijn, 103 F.3d at 12). Indeed, "an arbitration award should be enforced, despite a court's disagreement with it on the merits, if there is 'a barely colorable justification for the outcome reached.'" Landy Michaels Realty Corp. v. Local 32B-32J, Serv. Emps. Int'l Union, 954 F.2d 794, 797 (2d Cir. 1992) (quoting Andros Compania Maritima, S.A. v. Marc Rich & Co., 579 F.2d 691, 704 (2d Cir. 1978)).
A motion to confirm an arbitral award against a party that has failed to oppose the motion is evaluated under the legal standards applicable to a motion for summary judgment. See D.H. Blair, 462 F.3d at 109-10. To prevail on such a motion, the movant must "show[] that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). In making this determination, the court must view all facts "in the light most favorable" to the non-moving party. Tolan v. Cotton, 572 U.S. 650, 657 (2014) (citations omitted). In determining whether there are genuine issues of material fact, the court is "required to resolve all ambiguities and draw all permissible factual inferences in favor of the party against whom summary judgment is sought." Johnson v. Killian, 680 F.3d 234, 236 (2d Cir. 2012) (quoting Terry v. Ashcroft, 336 F.3d 128, 137 (2d Cir. 2003)).
"Even when a motion for summary judgment is unopposed, the district court is not relieved of its duty to decide whether the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Vt. Teddy Bear Co. v. 1-800 Beargram Co., 373 F.3d 241, 242 (2d Cir. 2004); see also Amaker v. Foley, 274 F.3d 677, 681 (2d Cir. 2001). In reviewing an unopposed motion for confirmation of an arbitration award, a court:
may not grant the motion without first examining the moving party's submission to determine if it has met its burden of demonstrating that no material issue of fact remains for trial. If the evidence submitted in support of the summary judgment motion does not meet the movant's burden of production, then summary judgment must be denied even if no opposing evidentiary matter is presented.D.H. Blair, 462 F.3d at 110 (emphasis in original) (quoting Vt. Teddy Bear Co., 373 F.3d at 244). Where "[t]here is no indication that the arbitration decision was made arbitrarily, exceeded the arbitrator's jurisdiction, or otherwise was contrary to law . . . a court must grant an order to confirm an arbitration award upon the timely application of a party." Herrenknecht Corp. v. Best Rd. Boring, No. 06 Civ. 5106 (JFK), 2007 WL 1149122, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 16, 2007) (citing 9 U.S.C. § 9; Florasynth, Inc. v. Pickholz, 750 F.2d 171, 176 (2d Cir. 1984)).
B. Confirmation of the Arbitral Award
On the basis of the Award, and on the very limited review that is appropriate, the Court finds that summary judgment is warranted, as petitioners have shown there is no material issue of fact in dispute. The arbitrator acted within the scope of the authority granted him by the parties, and found "substantial and credible evidence" that N.B.A Construction was required to make certain payments to the Funds, and that it failed to do so, as revealed by evidence submitted by petitioners at the arbitration hearing. Award at 2-3. From this, the Court concludes that there is at least a "barely colorable justification for the outcome reached," and, by all indications, a more than colorable one. Landy Michaels Realty Corp., 954 F.2d at 797. Accordingly, the Court confirms the Award in favor of petitioners, for a total amount of $136,422.55.
C. Attorneys' Fees Associated with this Action
Independent of the fee component of arbitrator Maher's Award, petitioners also request fees and costs incurred in bringing the instant Petition. Pet. ¶ 27. Petitioners have included contemporaneous time sheets in support of their Petition. See Pet., Ex. H. Absent statutory authority, however, the Court ordinarily may not grant an application for attorneys' fees. Trs. of N.Y.C. Dist. Council of Carpenters Pension Fund v. Dejil Sys., Inc., No. 12 Civ. 005 (JMF), 2012 WL 3744802, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 29, 2012) (parties not necessarily entitled to fees and costs associated with bringing petition to confirm arbitration award for recovery of delinquent contributions) (citing Abondolo v. Jerry WWHS Co., Inc., 829 F. Supp. 2d 120, 130 (E.D.N.Y. 2011)); Laundry, Dry Cleaning Workers & Allied Indus. Health Fund v. Stainless Partners, Inc., No. 07 Civ. 3542 (CPS), 2007 WL 3232260, at *3 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 31, 2007) (denying request for attorneys' fees where petitioners failed to submit any time records). Section 301 of the LMRA does not provide such authority.
In the absence of such authority, the Court may nonetheless award attorneys' fees under its inherent equitable powers when opposing counsel acts in bad faith. See Trs. of N.Y.C. Dist. Council of Carpenters Pension Fund, 2012 WL 3744802, at *4. Petitioners, however, have not provided evidence upon which the Court could find bad faith here. Accordingly, the Court does not award fees and costs associated with bringing the Petition.
D. Post-Judgment Interest
Petitioners also seek post-judgment interest. Pet. ¶ 24. Such interest "shall be allowed on any money judgment in a civil case recovered in a district court . . . at a rate equal to the weekly average 1-year constant maturity Treasury yield, as published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, for the calendar week preceding the date of the judgment." 28 U.S.C. § 1961(a). Awards of post-judgment interest under § 1961 are mandatory. See Cappiello v. ICD Publ'ns, Inc., 720 F.3d 109, 113 (2d Cir. 2013) (collecting cases). An order confirming an arbitral award is to be "docketed as if it was rendered in an action," and "have the same force and effect, in all respects, as, and be subject to all the provisions of law relating to, a judgment in an action; and it may be enforced as if it had been rendered in an action in the court in which it is entered." 9 U.S.C. § 13. Accordingly, § 1961 applies to actions to confirm arbitral awards. See, e.g., Westinghouse Credit Corp. v. D'Urso, 371 F.3d 96, 101-02 (2d Cir. 2004) (awarding post-judgment interest in arbitration case). The Court therefore also awards interest to accrue from the date judgment is entered until payment is made.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons stated above, the Court confirms the Award in favor of petitioners and issues judgment in the amount of $136,422.55, minus the $35,422.93 already paid by N.B.A Construction, plus post-judgment interest pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1961(a).
The Court respectfully requests that the Clerk of Court close this case.
SO ORDERED.
/s/_________
Paul A. Engelmayer
United States District Judge Dated: October 3, 2019
New York, New York