He asserts that mandatory use of the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, is an arbitrarily-designed employer immunity that shifts the economic loss to an innocent injured employee. Beyond this assertion, Hill's argument is supported only by citation to this Court's opinion in Torres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC , 2016 OK 20, 373 P.3d 1057. ¶ 49 Substantive due process prohibits arbitrary government action and encompasses a general requirement that all government actions have a fair and reasonable impact on the life, liberty, or property of the person affected.

The presumed constitutionality of a legislative enactment is rebutted only when the enactment is prohibited by either the Oklahoma Constitution or federal law. Torres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶ 17, 373 P.3d 1057. The party seeking a statute's invalidation as unconstitutional has the burden to show the statute is clearly, palpably, and plainly inconsistent with the Oklahoma Constitution.

; In re Flynn's Estate , 1951 OK 310, 237 P.2d 903, 905 ("The authority of the Legislature extends to all rightful subjects of legislation not withdrawn by the Constitution or in conflict therewith.").Torres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC , 2016 OK 20, ¶ 17, n. 14, 373 P.3d 1057, 1066.In re Detachment of Municipal Territory from City of Ada, Okla. , 2015 OK 18, ¶ 7, 352 P.3d 1196, 1199.

The presumed constitutionality of a legislative enactment is rebutted only when the enactment is prohibited by either the Oklahoma Constitution or federal law. Torres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶17, 373 P.3d 1057. The party seeking a statute's invalidation as unconstitutional has the burden to show the statute is clearly, palpably, and plainly inconsistent with the Oklahoma Constitution.

" ' "Multiple Injury Trust Fund v. Coburn, 2016 OK 120, n. 49, 386 P.3d 628, citing Torres v. Seaboard Foods, L.L.C., 2016 OK 20, ¶ 11, 373 P.3d 1057, 1065 and Yocum v. Greenbriar Nursing Home, 2005 OK 27, ¶ 10, 130 P.3d 213, 219. V. Public Policy and Plaintiff's Retaliatory Discharge Claim

We may not set aside legislation for violating substantive due process unless "it is clearly irrelevant to the policy the Legislature may adopt or is arbitrary, unreasonable or discriminatory." Torres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶ 27, n.46, 373 P.3d 1057, 1072. When examining this question we must ascertain the following

In examining a legislative enactment, this Court will "construe and apply it in a manner that avoids conflict with our Constitution and give[s] the enactment the force of law." Torres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶ 17, 373 P.3d 1057, 1066-67, as corrected (Mar. 4, 2016). ¶14 Our analysis begins with the text and context of § 12.

If the language of the statute is plain and unambiguous, the legislative intent is deemed to be expressed by the statutory language. Torres v. Seaboard Foods , LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶ 11, n. 8, 373 P.3d 1057, 1065, citing Yocum v. Greenbriar Nursing Home , 2005 OK 27, ¶ 9, 130 P.3d 213, 219.Brown v. Claims Management Resources, Inc. , 2017 OK 13, ¶ 20, 391 P.3d 111, 118 ; Torres v. Seaboard Foods , LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶ 11, 373 P.3d 1057, 1065.

There is little doubt that a state legislature may alter private contractual rights of employers and employees when it properly exercises its police power in creating a particular workers' compensation law, or that the workers' compensation laws, by themselves, have been considered by courts as a legitimate State interest since the compensation laws were first created. Torres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶ 30, 373 P.3d 1057, 1073. However, it is also clear that a State's legitimate interests in regulating business practices does not exempt it from the requirements of substantive due process.

Mustang Run Wind Project, LLC v. Osage County Bd. of Adjustment, 2016 OK 113, n. 9, 387 P.3d 333, 339 (Constitution must be construed as a consistent whole, in harmony with common sense and reason, with all pertinent portions of the Constitution being construed together). See, e.g., Torrres v. Seaboard Foods, LLC, 2016 OK 20, ¶ 17, 373 P.3d 1057, 1066-1067 (a legislative enactment should be construed in a manner that avoids conflict with our Constitution).Robinson v. Fairview Fellowship Home for Senior Citizens, Inc., 2016 OK 42, ¶ 10, 371 P.3d 477, 482 (fact-finding associated with interpretation and application of statutory authority consistent with a constitutional provision may obviate a need to adjudicate unconstitutionality of a statute or an official's conduct based upon that interpretation and application of the statutory authority consistent with constitutional principles).