( People v. Norman, 24 Ill.2d 403, 408; People v. Clay, 27 Ill.2d 27.) The fact that the evidence showed that the defendant acted on a thin profit margin was properly a factor to be put into the balance by the jury. ( People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 304.) And the testimony of Manson concerning the passage of the dollar bills and the fluorescent powder did not require for its acceptance that the bills themselves be produced and offered in evidence.
However, a rule requiring not only that continuity of possession be established, but also that there be positive identification by everyone concerned, would impose an unnecessary burden, while it would not assure a fair trial to the accused. ( People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 305; People v. Judkins, 10 Ill.2d 445, 448.) Measured by any reasonable standard the continuity of possession of this packet was sufficiently shown to entitle the exhibit to be admitted.
All denied any physical maltreatment of either Hayes or defendant French. Defendant's principal contentions are (1) that the oral confessions should not have been admitted into evidence because defendant, at the time they were given, had not been apprised of his constitutional right to remain silent and his right to counsel; (2) that evidence admitted at the trial was taken during an unconstitutional search and seizure. It is also contended that the confessions should not have been admitted because of the prosecution's failure to produce a material witness present at the time they were made. However, the State points out that no objections were made at the trial to the admission of the oral confessions and the items seized at Alice Cooper's apartment. It is well settled that objections to the admission of evidence not made in the trial court will not be considered on appeal, e.g. People v. Witherspoon, 27 Ill.2d 483, 492; People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 304. This rule applies equally to confessions ( People v. Tuttle, 382 Ill. 147), and tangible evidence allegedly illegally seized ( People v. Valecek, 404 Ill. 461, cert. denied 339 U.S. 925, 94 L.ed. 1347, 70 S.Ct. 616). We believe this principle a salutary one serving a legitimate State interest in that compliance therewith focuses the trial court's attention on alleged error, thereby quite possibly obviating the necessity for appeals and reversals.
Under previous decisions of this court such proof is sufficient to complete the State's case. People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302; People v. Polk, 19 Ill.2d 310. For the reasons stated, the conviction of the defendant under indictment 62-1411 is hereby sustained.
The other errors complained of are unlikely to reoccur, and we need not determine their effect here. While positive identification of the physical evidence by every person concerned therewith, as well as establishment of continuity of possession is not required ( People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302; People v. Judkins, 10 Ill.2d 445), it is essential to a conviction for illegally dispensing narcotics that the material dispensed be proved to be narcotics. The difficulty here lies not in a failure to connect with the defendant the packets secured by the officers — this was adequately accomplished — but in the failure to connect the material analyzed by the chemist with the same packets connected with Maurice.
Since no proper objection was made to the testimony in the trial court, the admission of the testimony is not now subject to review. People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 304; People v. Washington, 23 Ill.2d 546, 548. Defendant next contends that the prosecutor made certain improper and prejudicial remarks in closing argument which deprived the defendant of a fair and impartial trial.
However, a rule requiring not only that continuity of possession be established, but also that there be positive identification by everyone concerned, would impose an unnecessary burden, while it would not assure a fair trial to the accused. ( People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 305; People v. Judkins, 10 Ill.2d 445, 448.) In People v. Resketo, 3 Ill. App.3d 633, 279 N.E.2d 432, also cited by defendant, there was a total lack of proof that the narcotics analyzed by the laboratory were the same found in the possession of the defendant.
Defendant's failure to object had the effect of waiving any error regarding admissibility. ( People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 185 N.E.2d 147; People v. Luckett, 24 Ill.2d 550, 182 N.E.2d 696.) Thus, the trial court could properly have considered such testimony.
"A rule that required not only continuity of possession be established, but also that there be positive identification by everyone concerned, would impose an unnecessary burden, while it would not assure a fairer trial to the accused." (See also People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 185 N.E.2d 147.) More precise proof of continuity of possession than that which we have in this case is not required. • 9 The defendant further assigns as error certain remarks made by the prosecutor during his closing argument.
The record conclusively discloses that the articles were identified as those taken from the defendant's home, and that they were in the sheriff's possession continuously up to the time of trial. In this court defendant also objects that the exhibits had no relevancy to the crimes for which he was being tried. It is axiomatic, however, that objections to the admission of evidence not made in the trial court will not be considered on appeal. (People v. French, 33 Ill.2d 146, 149, 210 N.E.2d 540; People v. Witherspoon, 27 Ill.2d 483, 190 N.E.2d 281; People v. Collins, 25 Ill.2d 302, 185 N.E.2d 147.) [12-14] When two character witnesses for defendant were cross-examined, the prosecutor, over objection by defendant, was permitted to inquire specifically into defendant's use of intoxicating liquors, and to ask whether he was the kind of man who would chase his wife out of the house with a shotgun. It has long been held that the reputation of a person cannot be impeached by particular acts of bad conduct (People v. Page, 365 Ill. 524, 528, 6 N.E.2d 845; People v. Anderson, 337 Ill. 310, 331, 169 N.E. 243; People v. Hermens, 5 Ill.2d 277, 286, 125 N.E.2d 500), and we are inclined to agree that the cross-examination here exceeded proper limits.