Opinion
90557
March 14, 2002.
Appeal from an order of the Supreme Court (Kramer, J.), entered February 21, 2001 in Schenectady County, which granted plaintiffs' motion to hold defendant City of Schenectady in contempt of court.
Friedman, Hirschen, Miller Campito P.C., Schenectady (Peter J. Camp of counsel), for appellants.
Crane, Green Parente, Albany (Clemente J. Parente of counsel), for Jean H. Frank and others, respondents.
Before: Cardona, P.J., Mercure, Peters, Carpinello and Rose, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
These joined actions, commenced after a mudslide causing personal injuries and property damage in the City of Schenectady, Schenectady County, on January 19, 1996, were scheduled for trial beginning Monday, January 8, 2001. On that morning, prior to jury selection, Supreme Court advised counsel that they were "not to discuss their respective cases with the press". After the jury was selected, Supreme Court granted a motion for a mistrial grounded upon a January 10, 2001 newspaper article in the Schenectady Gazette which attributed numerous statements regarding defendant City of Schenectady's lack of insurance coverage and ability to satisfy a judgment to the City's Corporation Counsel, Michael Brockbank. Following the mistrial, plaintiffs' counsel brought a motion against the City for, inter alia, contempt by alleging that Brockbank violated the gag order imposed by the court. Following a hearing, Supreme Court granted the motion, prompting this appeal.
Although we appreciate and understand Supreme Court's frustration in having to declare a mistrial, that does not obivate the requirement for compliance with proper procedure. We are, therefore, constrained to reverse. To make a finding of civil contempt, it must be shown that, to a reasonable degree of certainty, a party has knowingly disobeyed a clear and unequivocal mandate of the court which results in prejudice to the rights of another party (see, Judiciary Law § 753[A][3]; McCain v. Dinkins, 84 N.Y.2d 216, 226; Kovach v. Hurlburt, 267 A.D.2d 824, 825). While we agree that an oral order issued by a court may be deemed a lawful mandate under Judiciary Law § 753(A)(3) (see, Matter of Betancourt v. Boughton, 204 A.D.2d 804, 808), the critical issue becomes whether Brockbank can be charged with actual knowledge of the oral order here (see, McCain v. Dinkins, supra, at 226, 228; Kovach v. Hurlburt,supra, at 825; Matter of Hoglund v. Hoglund, 234 A.D.2d 794, 795). With the burden upon plaintiffs to establish the violation with reasonable certainty (see, Matter of Hoglund v. Hoglund, supra, at 796), we find the proffer lacking.
Supreme Court issued the oral gag order on January 8, 2001 and thereafter referred to it, for the first time on the record, during a colloquy in the attorneys' lounge between all counsel and newsperson Darcy Wells. Even if reference to such oral order in that transcript constituted a lawful "mandate" for the purposes of Judiciary Law § 753(A)(3), no facts demonstrate that Brockbank had actual knowledge thereof (see, Kovach v. Hurlburt, supra, at 825). Although Brockbank does admit that he and Jeffrey Miller, the City's privately retained counsel, had previously discussed the matter of pretrial publicity, there remains insufficient proof to controvert Brockbank's assertion that he was unaware of the court's specific directive given outside of his presence. Thus, even acknowledging Brockbank's status as an agent of the City (see, McCain v. Dinkins, supra, at 227-228) and Supreme Court's disbelief of his testimony, the proffer is simply "insufficient to meet the standard of reasonable certainty" (Panza v. Nelson, 54 A.D.2d 928, 928).
Moreover, we find that the fines grounded upon the determination that Brockbank violated the Code of Professional Responsibility were unauthorized (see, Matter of A.G. Ship Maintenance Corp. v. Lezak, 69 N.Y.2d 1, 5); such violation should have instead been pursued with the Committee on Professional Standards (see generally, Matter of Sullivan, 185 A.D.2d 440). As to sanctions imposed pursuant to 22 NYCRR 130-1.1(c)(2), we note that plaintiffs did not seek relief upon this basis nor does the record support Supreme Court's imposition thereof (see, 22 NYCRR 130-1.1 [d]), even when pursued upon its own initiative in the exercise of its discretion (see, De Ruzzio v. De Ruzzio, 287 A.D.2d 896, 897-898).
Cardona, P.J., Mercure, Carpinello and Rose, JJ., concur.
ORDERED that the order is reversed, on the law, without costs, and motion denied.