It is clear under HRS § 702-203(2), that for criminal liability to be based on an omission to act, the resulting harm must be caused by the omission to perform a duty imposed by law. See State v. Batson, 73 Haw. 236, 251 n. 8, 831 P.2d 924, 932 n. 8 (1992); State v. Tucker, 10 Haw. App. 43, 53, 861 P.2d 24, 30 (1993) ( cert. granted and remanded, 74 Haw. 652, 857 P.2d 600, on remand 10 Haw. App. 73, 861 P.2d 37, recon. denied, 10 Haw. App. 94, 863 P.2d 989); Commentary to HRS § 702-203 (1985). Manifestly, then, the connection between the resulting harm and the omitted act must be expressly communicated to the jury in the court's instructions.