Opinion
A-1-CA-4173
08-28-2024
STATE OF NEW MEXICO, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DONNE W. EARL a/k/a DONNIE EARL a/k/a DONNIE W. EARL, JR. a/k/a WILLIAM DONNIE EARL a/k/a JIMMY WILLIAM SIMMONS, Defendant-Appellant.
Raúl Torrez, Attorney General Santa Fe, NM for Appellee Bennett J. Baur, Chief Public Defender Nina Lalevic, Assistant Appellate Defender Santa Fe, NM for Appellant
Corrections to this opinion/decision not affecting the outcome, at the Court's discretion, can occur up to the time of publication with NM Compilation Commission. The Court will ensure that the electronic version of this opinion/decision is updated accordingly in Odyssey.
Appeal from the District Court of Bernalillo County Courtney Bryn Weaks, District Court Judge
Raúl Torrez, Attorney General Santa Fe, NM for Appellee
Bennett J. Baur, Chief Public Defender Nina Lalevic, Assistant Appellate Defender Santa Fe, NM for Appellant
MEMORANDUM OPINION
JENNIFER L. ATTREP, CHIEF JUDGE
{¶1} This matter was submitted to the Court on the brief in chief pursuant to the Administrative Order for Appeals in Criminal Cases from the Second, Eleventh, and Twelfth Judicial District Courts in In re Pilot Project for Criminal Appeals, No. 2022-002, effective November 1, 2022. Having considered the brief in chief, concluding the briefing submitted to the Court provides no possibility for reversal, and determining that this case is appropriate for resolution on Track 1 as defined in that order, we affirm for the following reasons.
{¶2} Defendant appeals his conviction for aggravated battery on a household member. [BIC 3] Defendant argues that there was insufficient evidence to support his conviction. [Id.] "The test for sufficiency of the evidence is whether substantial evidence of either a direct or circumstantial nature exists to support a verdict of guilty beyond a reasonable doubt with respect to every element essential to a conviction." State v. Montoya, 2015-NMSC-010, ¶ 52, 345 P.3d 1056 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). The reviewing court "view[s] the evidence in the light most favorable to the guilty verdict, indulging all reasonable inferences and resolving all conflicts in the evidence in favor of the verdict." State v. Cunningham, 2000-NMSC-009, ¶ 26, 128 N.M. 711, 998 P.2d 176. We disregard all evidence and inferences that support a different result. State v. Rojo, 1999-NMSC-001, ¶ 19, 126 N.M. 438, 971 P.2d 829.
{¶3} "Jury instructions become the law of the case against which the sufficiency of the evidence is to be measured." State v. Smith, 1986-NMCA-089, ¶ 7, 104 N.M. 729, 726 P.2d 883. Here, the jury was instructed that the State had to prove that (1) Defendant touched or applied force to the victim by strangling or suffocating her; (2) Defendant intended to injure the victim; (3) Defendant caused great bodily harm to the victim, or acted in a way that would likely result in death or great bodily harm to the victim; (4) the victim was a household member of Defendant; and (5) this happened in New Mexico on or about the 28th day of December, 2022. [RP 108] The jury was also provided a definitional instruction of "[s]trangulation," which defined the term as "the unlawful touching or application of force to another person's neck or throat with the intent to injure that person and in a manner whereby great bodily harm or death can be inflicted, the result of which impedes the person's normal breathing or blood circulation." [RP 112]
{¶4} Defendant contends that the State failed to prove the act of strangulation beyond a reasonable doubt. [BIC 4] While acknowledging that the State relied primarily on the victim's testimony to prove the charge [BIC 5], Defendant asserts that "[t]he SANE nurse relied on the statements of [the victim] in order to diagnose strangulation. Without [the victim's] statements, it is unclear whether the images [showing bruises and scratches on the victim's neck and bite marks on her finger] submitted as exhibits would have supported strangulation on their own." [Id.] However, as the brief in chief acknowledges, the testimony of the victim alone is sufficient to affirm his conviction. [Id.] See, e.g., State v. Roybal, 1992-NMCA-114, ¶ 9, 115 N.M. 27, 846 P.2d 333.
{¶5} The victim in this case testified that Defendant put his arm around her neck and told her to die, squeezed her neck hard enough that she urinated on herself and was losing air, she could hear herself making a gurgling sound while this occurred, and she believed she was close to death. [BIC 1] The victim further testified that Defendant strangled her "a few times," each time lasting about fifteen to thirty seconds, her larynx was damaged, and her voice has sounded different since the incident. [BIC 2] In addition to this testimony, the State also submitted the above mentioned photos, taken by the investigating police officers, showing bruises and scratches on the victim's neck along with similar photos taken by the SANE nurse. [Id.] Consequently, we conclude there was substantial evidence supporting the jury's finding that Defendant strangled or suffocated the victim and thus we affirm Defendant's conviction.
{¶6} IT IS SO ORDERED.
WE CONCUR: MEGAN P. DUFFY, Judge, JANE B. YOHALEM, Judge