State v. Clark

15 Citing cases

  1. Matter of Certif. of Questions of Law

    1996 S.D. 10 (S.D. 1996)   Cited 49 times
    In Knowles v. United States, 1996 SD 10, 544 N.W.2d 183, we discussed several cases that considered the nature of parent claims arising out of tortious injury to children.

    The effect of an invalid amendment on the prior statute was clearly answered in State v. Reed, 75 S.D. 300, 303, 63 N.W.2d 803, 804 (1954) wherein this Court stated, "[i]f such amendatory act is unconstitutional in its entirety, the law prior to its enactment is still in effect." The basis for this rationale was set forth in State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168, 169 (N.D. 1985) which we cited with approval in Weegar v. Bakeberg, 527 N.W.2d 676, 678 (S.D. 1995). The Clark Court held:

  2. Nw. Landowners Ass'n v. State

    2022 N.D. 150 (N.D. 2022)   Cited 6 times   1 Legal Analyses

    "[W]hen legislation that is enacted to repeal, amend or otherwise modify an existing statute, is declared unconstitutional, it is a nullity and . . . the extant statute remains operative without regard to the unsuccessful and invalid legislation." State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168, 169 (N.D. 1985).

  3. Halvorson v. Starr

    785 N.W.2d 248 (N.D. 2010)   Cited 2 times

    The Legislature is presumed to know the law when enacting legislation. See State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168, 170 (N.D. 1985). When the historical circumstances for additional time after service by mail are considered with the statutes superseded by N.D.R.Civ.P. 6 and the Legislature's reenactment of the mechanic's lien law after the adoption of the rules of civil procedure, we conclude the Legislature intended the provisions for additional time after service by mail under N.D.R.Civ.P. 6(e) to apply when an owner chooses to serve a written demand by registered mail under N.D.C.C. § 35-27-25.

  4. Bartch v. Dept. of Trans

    743 N.W.2d 109 (N.D. 2007)   Cited 2 times

    [¶ 8] Bartch does not deny violation of N.D.C.C. § 39-04-11; he contends, however, the portion of the statute requiring placement of the current registration tab "in the area designated by the department" is unconstitutional and, as such, may not be used to establish the basis to conduct a traffic stop. See Hoff v. Berg, 1999 ND 115, ¶ 19, 595 N.W.2d 285 (quoting State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168, 169 (N.D. 1985)) ("[U]nconstitutional legislation is void and is to be treated as if it never were enacted."). Bartch attacks the constitutionality of N.D.C.C. § 39-04-11 by arguing it improperly delegates Legislative authority to the Department and it is unconstitutionally vague.

  5. Comstock Constr. v. Sheyenne Disposal

    2002 N.D. 141 (N.D. 2002)   Cited 13 times
    Stating an owner's written demand "under N.D.C.C. § 35–27–25 will ordinarily shorten the statute of limitations for commencing and filing an action to enforce a [construction] lien"

    [¶ 28] The Legislature is presumed to know the law when enacting legislation. See State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168, 170 (N.D. 1985). When the historical circumstances for additional time after service by mail are considered with the statutes superseded by N.D.R.Civ.P. 6 and the Legislature's reenactment of the mechanic's lien law after the adoption of the rules of civil procedure, we conclude the Legislature intended the provisions for additional time after service by mail under N.D.R.Civ.P. 6(e) to apply when an owner chooses to serve a written demand by registered mail under N.D.C.C. § 35-27-25.

  6. Hoff v. Berg

    1999 N.D. 115 (N.D. 1999)   Cited 40 times
    Holding North Dakota grandparent visitation statute unconstitutional because State has no "compelling interest in presuming visitation rights of grandparents to an unmarried minor are in the child's best interests and forcing parents to accede to court-ordered grandparental visitation unless the parents are first able to prove such visitation is not in the best interests of their minor child"

    [¶ 19] "[U]nconstitutional legislation is void and is to be treated as if it never were enacted." State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168, 169 (N.D. 1985). When legislation "modify[ing] an existing statute is declared unconstitutional, it is a nullity and cannot affect the existing statute in any manner.

  7. Krehlik v. Moore

    542 N.W.2d 443 (N.D. 1996)   Cited 9 times
    Approving theory of legislative acquiescence

    House Standing Committee Minutes, 1989, hearing before the Transportation Committee on HB 1595, February 3, 1989 [Standing Committee Minutes]. Representative Tomac's description of the law accurately explained the result which occurred when a driver refused to submit to testing without having cured the refusal. See, e.g., State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168, 170 (N.D. 1985) [recognizing that "the Legislature is presumed to know the law when enacting legislation . . . and so would be chargeable with knowledge of the law established. . . ."]. Representative Tomac testified further that, under House Bill No. 1595, "you can refuse to take a blood alcohol test and not lose your license for one year if you plead guilty to the violation with which you are charged." Standing Committee Minutes. Although the addition of section 39-20-04(2), NDCC, provided a driver with an alternative to revocation under section 39-20-04(1), NDCC, the amendment did not alter our interpretation of when a driver is subject to section 39-20-04, NDCC, i.e., when a driver has refused to submit to testing and has failed to subsequently cure that refusal.

  8. Weegar v. Bakeberg

    527 N.W.2d 676 (S.D. 1995)   Cited 8 times

    A statute found to be unconstitutional is void from its beginning and is to be treated as if it never existed. State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168 (N.D. 1985). McGuire v. C L Restaurant Inc., 346 N.W.2d 605 (Minn. 1984); Briggs v. Campbell, Wyant Cannon Foundry, 379 Mich. 160, 150 N.W.2d 752 (1967).

  9. B.H. v. State

    645 So. 2d 987 (Fla. 1994)   Cited 83 times
    Holding that statutory revival is an appropriate remedy where the Legislature approves unconstitutional statutory language and simultaneously repeals its predecessor

    Numerous states explicitly have applied the same principle of law to revive the language of criminal statutes purportedly superseded by an unconstitutional enactment. E.g., State v. Bloss, 64 Haw. 148, 637 P.2d 117 (1981), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 824, 103 S.Ct. 56, 74 L.Ed.2d 60 (1982); State v. Clayton, 233 La. 972, 99 So.2d 312 (1957); State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168 (N.D. 1985); State v. Driver, 598 S.W.2d 774 (Tenn. 1980); see Clark v. State, 287 A.2d 660 (Del.), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 812, 93 S.Ct. 139, 34 L.Ed.2d 67 (1972). Other states likewise have applied the same principle in the context of matters directly related to the enforcement of criminal laws, including procedural concerns and forfeiture proceedings.

  10. Olson v. N.D. Dept. of Transp. Director

    523 N.W.2d 258 (N.D. 1994)   Cited 12 times
    In Olson v. N.D. Dep't of Transp. Dir., 523 N.W.2d 258 (N.D. 1994), we held that a juvenile has a limited statutory right of parental involvement in deciding whether to submit to chemical testing.

    Ryan, 520 N.W.2d 39, 45 (N.D. 1994); State v. Pippen, 496 N.W.2d 50 (N.D. 1993). We presume that the legislature knows the law and is aware of previously enacted statutes, State v. Clark, 367 N.W.2d 168 (N.D. 1985), and thus we attempt to harmonize conflicts among them. BASF Corporation v. Symington, 512 N.W.2d 692 (N.D. 1994).