Opinion
No. 2:16-cv-00521-GEB-AC
03-11-2016
ROSALYN SPRADLEY; CARLTON SPRADLEY, Plaintiffs, v. MARCUS WILSON, Defendant.
The undersigned judge revokes any actual or anticipated referral to a Magistrate Judge for the purposes of Findings and Recommendations in this case. --------
On March 11, 2016, Defendant Marcus Wilson filed a Notice of Removal removing this unlawful detainer action from the Superior Court of California for the County of Solano. (Notice of Removal ("NOR"), ECF No. 1.) For the following reasons, the Court sua sponte remands this case to the Superior Court of California for the County of Solano for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.
"There is a 'strong presumption against removal jurisdiction,' and the removing party has the burden of establishing that removal is proper." Lindley Contours, LLC v. AABB Fitness Holdings, Inc., 414 F. App'x 62, 64 (9th Cir. 2011) (quoting Gaus v. Miles, Inc., 980 F.2d 564, 566 (9th Cir. 1992)). "If at any time before final judgment it appears that the district court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, the case shall be remanded." 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c). "The court may - indeed must - remand an action sua sponte if it determines that it lacks subject matter jurisdiction." GFD, LLC v. Carter, No. CV 12-08985 MMM (FFMx), 2012 WL 5830079, at *2 (C.D. Cal. Nov. 15, 2012) (citing Kelton Arms Condo. Owners Ass'n v. Homestead Ins. Co., 346 F.3d 1190, 1192 (9th Cir. 2003)).
Defendant asserts in the NOR that federal question removal jurisdiction exists. (NOR at ¶¶ 7-10.) Defendant contends "[f]ederal question exists because Defendant's Answer . . . depend[s] on the determination of Defendant's rights and Plaintiff's duties under federal law." (Id. at ¶ 10.)
However, review of the Complaint reveals Plaintiff alleges a single claim for unlawful detainer under California law, and "[a]s a general rule, . . . a case will not be removable if the complaint does not affirmatively allege a federal claim." Beneficial Nat'l Bank v. Anderson, 539 U.S. 1, 6 (2003). "The presence or absence of federal-question jurisdiction is governed by the 'well-pleaded complaint rule,' which provides that federal jurisdiction exists only when a federal question is presented on the face of the plaintiff's properly pleaded complaint." Retail Prop. Trust v. United Bhd. of Carpenters & Joiners of Am., 768 F.3d 938, 947 (9th Cir. 2014) (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting Caterpillar Inc. v. Williams, 482 U.S. 386, 393 (1987)). "Moreover, 'it is well established that [the] plaintiff is the master of [its] complaint and can plead to avoid federal jurisdiction.'" Goraya v. Martinez, No. 2:15-cv-2375-JAM-KJN, 2015 WL 7281611, at *2 (E.D. Cal. Nov. 17, 2015) (quoting Loowdermilk v. U.S. First Nat'l Ass'n, 479 F.3d 994, 998-99 (9th Cir. 2007), overruled on other grounds, Rodriguez v. AT & T Mobility Servs. LLC, 728 F.3d 975, 977 (9th Cir. 2013)) (remanding unlawful detainer action sua sponte).
For the stated reasons, this case is remanded to the Superior Court of California for the County of Solano. Dated: March 11, 2016
/s/_________
GARLAND E. BURRELL, JR.
Senior United States District Judge