Summary
In Sims v. Johnson, 185 Ga. App. 720 (365 S.E.2d 532), this court held that "`[a]n objection to an instruction which is made during a charge conference, but which is not made or reiterated following the giving of the charge, fails to preserve the matter for review by an appellate court.
Summary of this case from Clemons v. Atlanta Neurological Institute, P.COpinion
75418.
DECIDED FEBRUARY 2, 1988.
Action for damages. Cobb State Court. Before Judge Staley.
Sonja L. Salo, for appellant.
Robert B. Hocutt, for appellee.
Plaintiff sued defendant for injuries incurred in an automobile accident. The jury returned a verdict in favor of defendant, and plaintiff brings this appeal assigning error to that portion of the trial court's jury charge on equally balanced evidence. After charging on the burden of proof and the preponderance of the evidence, the court charged: "I instruct you that if in the opinion of the jury the evidence on each side is equally balanced, if you the jury believe the witnesses just as strong on one side as the other, then the Plaintiff would not have carried the burden of proof as to such issues by a preponderance of the evidence, and on such issues you find this condition to exist, ... you should find in favor of the Defendant."
We first note that although plaintiff objected to this charge during the charge conference, she raised no objections whatsoever upon inquiry by the trial court following the charge. "An objection to an instruction which is made during a charge conference, but which is not made or reiterated following the giving of the charge, fails to preserve the matter for review by an appellate court. The requirement is that there be a proper objection after the court instructed the jury and before the jury returned a verdict. [A]n objection made only at a charge conference is insufficient to preserve an issue for appeal...." (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Brown v. Sims, 174 Ga. App. 243, 244 ( 329 S.E.2d 523) (1985); Caudell v. Sargent, 118 Ga. App. 405 ( 164 S.E.2d 148) (1968).
Furthermore, "[n]othing appears to bring the [enumeration] within the scope of [OCGA § 5-5-24 (c)], which eliminates the necessity of an objection to instructions which show substantial error as a matter of law, explained... as `blatantly apparent and prejudicial to the extent that it raises the question of whether the losing party has, to some extent at least, been deprived of a fair trial because of it.' [Cit.]" Atlanta Americana c. Corp. v. Sika Chem. Corp., 117 Ga. App. 707, 710 ( 161 S.E.2d 342) (1968). As in the case at bar, "[w]here there is no affirmative defense, or no plea in the nature of confession and avoidance, the burden of proof is upon the plaintiff, and [s]he is not entitled to recover, unless, in the opinion of the jury, the preponderance of the evidence is in [her] favor. The charge excepted to was ... in harmony with this principle, and, under the facts of the case ... was [not] cause for a new trial." Courson v. Pearson, 132 Ga. 698 (2) ( 64 S.E. 997) (1909). Accord Garner v. Driver, 155 Ga. App. 322 (2) ( 270 S.E.2d 863) (1980); Evans v. DeKalb County Hosp. Auth., 154 Ga. App. 17 (3) ( 267 S.E.2d 319) (1980); see also Whitley v. Wilson, 90 Ga. App. 16 (3) ( 81 S.E.2d 877) (1954). Cf. Parsons v. Harrison, 133 Ga. App. 280 (3) ( 211 S.E.2d 128) (1974), wherein a charge similar to that cited here was found to be erroneous because the defendant asserted several affirmative defenses.
Judgment affirmed. Birdsong, C. J., and Deen, P. J., concur.