Opinion
# 2012-041-014 Claim No. 117159 Motion No. M-80772
03-13-2012
SANTIAGO v. THE STATE OF NEW YORK
Synopsis
Claim alleging that defendant unlawfully confined claimant by adding term of post-release supervision to claimant's criminal sentence is dismissed for failure to state a cause of action. Case information
UID: 2012-041-014 Claimant(s): JOSEPH SANTIAGO Claimant short name: SANTIAGO Footnote (claimant name) : Defendant(s): THE STATE OF NEW YORK Footnote (defendant name) : Third-party claimant(s): Third-party defendant(s): Claim number(s): 117159 Motion number(s): M-80772 Cross-motion number(s): Judge: FRANK P. MILANO Claimant's attorney: JOEL BERGER, ESQ. HON. ERIC T. SCHNEIDERMAN New York State Attorney General Defendant's attorney: By: Michael T. Krenrich, Esq. Assistant Attorney General Third-party defendant's attorney: Signature date: March 13, 2012 City: Albany Comments: Official citation: Appellate results: See also (multicaptioned case) Decision
Defendant moves to dismiss the claim for failure to state a cause of action.
The claim alleges that defendant administratively, and unlawfully, added a period of postrelease supervision to claimant's criminal six-year determinate sentence, resulting in claimant being imprisoned for violating the terms of the administratively imposed postrelease supervision. The claim sounds in wrongful confinement and negligence.
Claimant concedes that his "state law claims against the State of New York in this Court are now foreclosed under Donald v. State, 17 NY3d 389 (2011)," but asserts that this concession does not constitute a waiver of claimant's federal constitutional claims for damages against individual state officials pursuant to 42 USC §§ 1983 and 1988 pending in federal court.
To establish that he was wrongfully confined, claimant must prove that "(1) the defendant intended to confine him, (2) the [claimant] was conscious of the confinement, (3) the [claimant] did not consent to the confinement and (4) the confinement was not otherwise privileged" (Broughton v State of New York, 37 NY2d 451, 456 [1975], cert denied sub nom. Schanbarger v Kellogg, 423 US 929; Krzyzak v Schaefer, 52 AD3d 979 [3d Dept 2008]).
In Ortiz v State of New York (78 AD3d 1314, 1315 [3d Dept 2010], affd Donald v State of New York, 17 NY3d 389 [2011]), the court held, under similar circumstances, that "DOCS's actions in administratively imposing postrelease supervision in the first place and also in confining individuals for a violation of administratively imposed postrelease supervision are privileged."
Because the alleged confinement was privileged, the claim fails to state a cause of action for wrongful confinement.
Claimant also fails to state a cause based upon defendant's purported negligence in imposing postrelease supervision. In Donald, again under similar circumstances, the Court of Appeals rejected a cause of action against defendant based in negligence:
"[N]egligence claims are barred for another reason: the State is immune from liability for the discretionary acts of its officials (Tango v Tulevech, 61 NY2d 34, 40 [1983] ['when official action involves the exercise of discretion, the officer is not liable for the injurious consequences of that action even if resulting from negligence or malice']; Lauer v City of New York, 95 NY2d 95, 99 [2000] ['A public employee's discretionary acts . . . may not result in the municipality's liability even when the conduct is negligent']; McLean v City of New York, 12 NY3d 194, 203 [2009] ['Government action, if discretionary, may not be a basis for liability']).
Where the issue is governmental immunity, an action is considered 'discretionary' if it involves 'the exercise of reasoned judgment' (Lauer, 95 NY2d at 99). DOCS's actions in recording PRS terms as part of claimants' sentences were discretionary in that sense. In each of these cases, DOCS was presented with a prisoner sentenced to a determinate prison term, for whom PRS was mandatory under state law. DOCS made the 'reasoned judgment' that it should interpret their sentences as including PRS, though the sentences rendered by the courts did not mention it. We held in Garner that that judgment was mistaken, but it clearly was just that--a mistake in judgment--not a ministerial error, like mistranscribing an entry or confusing the files of two different prisoners.
Making judgments as to the scope of its own authority in interpreting the directions it has received from the court system is a normal and legitimate part of DOCS's function" (Donald, 17 NY3d at 395-396).
The claim fails to state a negligence-based cause of action.
The defendant's motion to dismiss the claim is granted. The claim is dismissed.
March 13, 2012
Albany, New York
FRANK P. MILANO
Judge of the Court of Claims
Papers Considered:
1. Defendant's Notice of Motion, filed December 7, 2011;
2. Affirmation of Michael T. Krenrich, dated December 7, 2011, and annexed exhibit;
3. Affirmation of Joel Berger, dated December 5, 2011.