Opinion
4362, 4363.
June 21, 2005.
APPEAL from judgments of the Supreme Court, New York County (Michael D. Stallman, J.), entered December 31, 2003. The judgments denied the petitions seeking declaratory and injunctive relief and damages against respondents' alleged continuing violations of Social Services Law § 336-c (2) (e), and dismissed those proceedings.
Joel Giller, New York City ( Mary J. O'Connell of counsel), for Lillian Roberts and others, appellants.
Kennedy, Schwartz Cure, P.C., New York City ( Stuart Lichten of counsel), for Mark Rosenthal, appellant.
Michael A. Cardozo, Corporation Counsel, New York City ( Fay Ng, Pamela Seider Dolgow and Bruce Rosenbaum of counsel), for respondents.
Community Service Society of New York, New York City ( Juan Cartagena and Risa E. Kaufman of counsel), for Community Voices Heard, amicus curiae.
Colleran, O'Hara Mills, L.L.P., Garden City ( Edward J. Groarke and Stephanie Suarez of counsel), for New York State AFL-CIO, amicus curiae.
Before: MAZZARELLI, ANDRIAS, MARLOW and CATTERSON, JJ., concur.
OPINION OF THE COURT
Petitioners, who represent certain employees of the City's Department of Parks and Recreation, originally brought these proceedings as plenary actions seeking declaratory and injunctive relief and damages against respondents' alleged continuing violations of Social Services Law § 336-c (2) (e), which prohibits the use of Work Experience Program (WEP) participants to displace regular Parks Department employees. On the prior appeal ( sub nom. Rosenthal v. City of New York, 283 AD2d 156, lv dismissed 97 NY2d 654), this Court held that where the issue is the propriety of actions taken under an otherwise valid statute, a CPLR article 78 proceeding is the proper vehicle, and converted the complaints into article 78 proceedings.
As Supreme Court concluded on remand, in order for there to be a violation of section 336-c (2) (e), petitioners must allege and prove that specifically named union employees of the Parks Department were adversely affected as a direct result of respondents' use of WEP participants for Parks Department tasks ( see Roberts v. City of New York, 19 AD3d 228). Moreover, statistical indications of trends are insufficient, by themselves, to establish a violation of the statute. Indeed, "[s]tatistics should be used as the drunken man uses the lampost — for support rather than illumination" (Anonymous, TPN and APACHE, The Lancet I:1478 [1986]).
Petitioners having failed to allege sufficient facts to demonstrate that any of their members were adversely affected as a direct result of respondents' use of WEP participants, the judgments of the Supreme Court, New York County (Michael D. Stallman, J.), entered December 31, 2003, which denied the petitions and dismissed these proceedings, should be affirmed, without costs.
Judgments, Supreme Court, New York County, entered December 31, 2003, affirmed, without costs.