Opinion
1165 KA 19-01167
03-11-2022
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Michael W. SOCCIARELLI, Defendant-Appellant. (Appeal No. 1.)
LEANNE LAPP, PUBLIC DEFENDER, CANANDAIGUA, THE LEGAL AID BUREAU OF BUFFALO, INC., BUFFALO (ALLYSON L. KEHL-WIERZBOWSKI OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLANT. JAMES B. RITTS, DISTRICT ATTORNEY, CANANDAIGUA (V. CHRISTOPHER EAGGLESTON OF COUNSEL), FOR RESPONDENT.
LEANNE LAPP, PUBLIC DEFENDER, CANANDAIGUA, THE LEGAL AID BUREAU OF BUFFALO, INC., BUFFALO (ALLYSON L. KEHL-WIERZBOWSKI OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.
JAMES B. RITTS, DISTRICT ATTORNEY, CANANDAIGUA (V. CHRISTOPHER EAGGLESTON OF COUNSEL), FOR RESPONDENT.
PRESENT: CENTRA, J.P., PERADOTTO, LINDLEY, CURRAN, AND WINSLOW, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
It is hereby ORDERED that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously modified as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice by directing that the sentences shall run concurrently with one another, and as modified the judgment is affirmed.
Memorandum: Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him following a jury trial of, inter alia, rape in the first degree ( Penal Law § 130.35 [2] ) and criminal sexual act in the first degree (§ 130.50 [2]), which stemmed from his conduct with a minor who was physically helpless due to extreme intoxication. Contrary to defendant's contention, County Court did not err in refusing to suppress, as involuntary, statements he made to law enforcement (see generally CPL 60.45 [2] [a], [b] [i] ). As the basis for his contention, defendant identifies an investigator's statement that the police would be "going on the assumption" that defendant forcibly raped the victim, which amounted to a "big difference in the law," unless defendant provided his explanation of events. Defendant thus contends that he was coerced into confessing. We reject that contention. The investigator's statement was a "generalized comment to defendant regarding the benefits of cooperating with the police" ( People v. Woods , 93 A.D.3d 1287, 1288, 940 N.Y.S.2d 747 [4th Dept. 2012], lv denied 19 N.Y.3d 969, 950 N.Y.S.2d 121, 973 N.E.2d 219 [2012] ), which did not create any "undue pressure" ( CPL 60.45 [2] [a] ) or "a substantial risk that ... defendant might falsely incriminate himself" ( CPL 60.45 [2] [b] [i] ; see People v. Clark , 194 A.D.3d 948, 951, 149 N.Y.S.3d 174 [2d Dept. 2021], lv denied 37 N.Y.3d 991, 152 N.Y.S.3d 405, 174 N.E.3d 345 [2021] ).
We conclude that defendant waived his contention that the court erred in responding to two jury notes when the court provided the exact response requested by the defense (see People v. Capella , 180 A.D.3d 498, 499, 119 N.Y.S.3d 454 [1st Dept. 2020], lv denied 35 N.Y.3d 968, 125 N.Y.S.3d 25, 148 N.E.3d 489 [2020] ; People v. Backus , 67 A.D.3d 1428, 1429, 890 N.Y.S.2d 743 [4th Dept. 2009], lv denied 13 N.Y.3d 936, 895 N.Y.S.2d 327, 922 N.E.2d 916 [2010] ). Defendant " ‘ought not be allowed to take the benefit of the favorable charge and complain about it on appeal’ " ( People v. Shaffer , 66 N.Y.2d 663, 665, 495 N.Y.S.2d 965, 486 N.E.2d 823 [1985] ; see People v. O'Neill , 169 A.D.3d 1515, 1515, 93 N.Y.S.3d 501 [4th Dept. 2019] ). We further conclude that defendant failed to preserve for our review his contention that he was denied a fair trial by instances of prosecutorial misconduct inasmuch as "defendant did not object to any of those alleged instances at trial" ( People v. Lostumbo , 182 A.D.3d 1007, 1009, 123 N.Y.S.3d 319 [4th Dept. 2020], lv denied 35 N.Y.3d 1046, 127 N.Y.S.3d 821, 151 N.E.3d 502 [2020] ; see People v. Streeter , 166 A.D.3d 1509, 1510, 87 N.Y.S.3d 763 [4th Dept. 2018], lv denied 32 N.Y.3d 1210, 99 N.Y.S.3d 232, 122 N.E.3d 1145 [2019] ). We decline to exercise our power to review that contention as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice (see CPL 470.15 [6] [a] ; People v. Standsblack , 162 A.D.3d 1523, 1527, 79 N.Y.S.3d 420 [4th Dept. 2018], lv denied 32 N.Y.3d 1008, 86 N.Y.S.3d 766, 111 N.E.3d 1122 [2018] ).
We agree with defendant, and the People correctly conceded at trial, that the prosecutor's delay in disclosing a video that was provided to an investigator by a witness constituted a Rosario violation inasmuch as the video "was in the actual possession of a law enforcement agency" ( People v. Washington , 86 N.Y.2d 189, 192, 630 N.Y.S.2d 693, 654 N.E.2d 967 [1995] ). Contrary to defendant's contention, however, the court did not err in denying his request for a mistrial. Where, as here, there is an issue of delayed disclosure of Rosario material, reversal is required only "if the defense is substantially prejudiced by the delay" ( People v. Martinez , 71 N.Y.2d 937, 940, 528 N.Y.S.2d 813, 524 N.E.2d 134 [1988] ; see People v. Lluveres , 15 A.D.3d 848, 849, 789 N.Y.S.2d 371 [4th Dept. 2005], lv denied 5 N.Y.3d 807, 803 N.Y.S.2d 36, 836 N.E.2d 1159 [2005] ). Here, the court gave the defense additional time to review the evidence and the opportunity to recall witnesses for further cross-examination (see People v. Gardner , 26 A.D.3d 741, 741, 808 N.Y.S.2d 519 [4th Dept. 2006], lv denied 6 N.Y.3d 848, 816 N.Y.S.2d 754, 849 N.E.2d 977 [2006] ). Under the circumstances, "defendant has not made the necessary showing of substantial prejudice" ( People v. Walters , 124 A.D.3d 1321, 1323, 999 N.Y.S.2d 650 [4th Dept. 2015], lv denied 25 N.Y.3d 1209, 16 N.Y.S.3d 531, 37 N.E.3d 1174 [2015] ).
We also reject defendant's contention that a mistrial was warranted as the result of an alleged Brady violation. Even assuming, arguendo, that the evidence on the video could be deemed exculpatory, we conclude that a mistrial was not warranted "inasmuch as defendant received the material in time for its meaningful and effective use at trial" ( People v. Hines , 132 A.D.3d 1385, 1385, 17 N.Y.S.3d 551 [4th Dept. 2015], lv denied 26 N.Y.3d 1109, 26 N.Y.S.3d 768, 47 N.E.3d 98 [2016] ). Moreover, defendant knew or should have known of the existence of the video as well as the nature of its contents inasmuch as the video itself leaves no doubt that defendant knew he was being recorded (see People v. LaValle , 3 N.Y.3d 88, 110, 783 N.Y.S.2d 485, 817 N.E.2d 341 [2004] ; People v. Rivera , 82 A.D.3d 1590, 1592, 919 N.Y.S.2d 613 [4th Dept. 2011], lv denied 17 N.Y.3d 800, 929 N.Y.S.2d 108, 952 N.E.2d 1103 [2011] ).
We likewise conclude that, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the People (see People v. Contes , 60 N.Y.2d 620, 621, 467 N.Y.S.2d 349, 454 N.E.2d 932 [1983] ), the evidence is legally sufficient to support the conviction (see generally People v. Bleakley , 69 N.Y.2d 490, 495, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672 [1987] ) and, viewing the evidence in light of the elements of the crimes as charged to the jury (see People v. Danielson , 9 N.Y.3d 342, 349, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1 [2007] ), the verdict is not against the weight of the evidence (see generally Bleakley , 69 N.Y.2d at 495, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672 ). Although defendant contends that he was denied effective assistance of counsel based on several alleged errors, we reject that contention. Viewing the evidence, the law and the circumstances of the case, in totality and as of the time of the representation, we conclude that defense counsel provided meaningful representation (see generally People v. Baldi , 54 N.Y.2d 137, 147, 444 N.Y.S.2d 893, 429 N.E.2d 400 [1981] ).
Finally, defendant contends that the aggregate sentence of 32 years’ imprisonment is unduly harsh and severe because he has no prior sex offenses on his criminal record and the People's preindictment plea offer contemplated a 10-year sentence, which was increased to 15 years postindictment. We agree and therefore modify the judgment as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice by directing that all of the sentences shall run concurrently with one another (see CPL 470.15 [6] [b] ), which results in an aggregate term of imprisonment of 25 years plus 25 years of postrelease supervision.