Opinion
2011-11-10
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent,v.Edwin PEREZ, Defendant–Appellant.
Easton Thompson Kasperek Shiffrin LLP, Rochester (Donald M. Thompson of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.Michael C. Green, District Attorney, Rochester (Leslie E. Swift of Counsel), for Respondent.
Easton Thompson Kasperek Shiffrin LLP, Rochester (Donald M. Thompson of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.Michael C. Green, District Attorney, Rochester (Leslie E. Swift of Counsel), for Respondent.
MEMORANDUM:
Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him upon a jury verdict of manslaughter in the first degree (Penal Law § 125.20 [1] ). Defendant failed to preserve for our review his challenge to the alleged legal insufficiency of the evidence because he failed to move for a trial order of dismissal on the specific ground now raised ( see People v. Carncross, 14 N.Y.3d 319, 324–325, 901 N.Y.S.2d 112, 927 N.E.2d 532; People v. Gray, 86 N.Y.2d 10, 19, 629 N.Y.S.2d 173, 652 N.E.2d 919). In any event, defendant's challenge lacks merit. Defendant was charged as an accessory in connection with the stabbing of two victims. One of the victims survived the assault but sustained serious injuries, and the other victim later died (hereafter, decedent). Defendant was acquitted of assault with respect to the surviving victim and was convicted as an accomplice with respect to decedent. The evidence at trial establishes, and defendant concedes, that he received a cut on his hand during the altercation. The evidence further establishes that the codefendant repeatedly stabbed decedent, and that defendant assisted the codefendant by holding decedent while the codefendant attacked him. Inasmuch as there is no evidence that defendant took any part in the attack upon the surviving victim, the jury could therefore have concluded that defendant received the cut by holding decedent while the codefendant stabbed him. Consequently, the evidence is legally sufficient to establish defendant's guilt of manslaughter in the first degree ( see People v. Rutledge, 70 A.D.3d 1368, 894 N.Y.S.2d 668, lv. denied 15 N.Y.3d 777, 907 N.Y.S.2d 466, 933 N.E.2d 1059; People v. Borgos, 168 A.D.2d 628, 563 N.Y.S.2d 105, lv. denied 77 N.Y.2d 958, 570 N.Y.S.2d 492, 573 N.E.2d 580; see generally People v. Medina, 276 A.D.2d 367, 714 N.Y.S.2d 60, lv. denied 96 N.Y.2d 737, 722 N.Y.S.2d 803, 745 N.E.2d 1026). Furthermore, because there is no merit to defendant's challenge to the legal sufficiency of the evidence, there also is no merit to defendant's contention that defense counsel was ineffective in failing to raise that challenge ( see e.g. People v. Dozier, 32 A.D.3d 1346, 1347, 821 N.Y.S.2d 726, lv. dismissed 8 N.Y.3d 880, 832 N.Y.S.2d 492, 864 N.E.2d 622; People v. Lascelle, 23 A.D.3d 1137, 1139, 807 N.Y.S.2d 750, lv. denied 6 N.Y.3d 755, 810 N.Y.S.2d 423, 843 N.E.2d 1163). Viewing the evidence in light of the elements of the crime of manslaughter as charged to the jury ( see People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 349, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1), we further conclude that the verdict is not against the weight of the evidence ( see generally People v. Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d 490, 495, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672).
“Because defendant failed to request an instruction
[that the jury must acquit him of manslaughter if it convicted the codefendant of murder] or object to the charge as given [on that ground], defendant also failed to preserve for our review his further contention that [County Court (Sirkin, J.), who presided over the trial,] erred in failing to instruct the jury” to that effect ( People v. Youngblood, 261 A.D.2d 960, 690 N.Y.S.2d 809, lv. denied 93 N.Y.2d 1029, 697 N.Y.S.2d 589, 719 N.E.2d 950). We decline to exercise our power to review that contention as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice ( see CPL 470.15[6][a] ). Although defendant requested a charge that he must have intended that the codefendant cause serious injury to decedent and, thus, contrary to the People's contention, he preserved for our review his further contention concerning shared intent both with respect to the court's initial and supplemental charges on the issue ( see People v. Edwards, 23 A.D.3d 1140, 1141, 804 N.Y.S.2d 525; see also People v. Rivera, 77 A.D.3d 483, 909 N.Y.S.2d 56), we conclude that his contention is without merit. “[D]efendant's concern that without the requested charge the jury might have found him guilty ... under a theory of accessorial liability without finding that he shared the requisite intent to [cause serious physical injury] was obviated by the court's recitation of Penal Law § 20.00, including the statement that acting in concert liability requires acting with the mental culpability required for the commission of the crime charged” ( People v. Slacks, 90 N.Y.2d 850, 851, 660 N.Y.S.2d 863, 683 N.E.2d 769). Therefore, because “the court sufficiently explained the applicable legal principles to the jury, it was not bound to charge the jury as defense counsel proposed” ( People v. Leach, 293 A.D.2d 760, 761, 741 N.Y.S.2d 443, lv. denied 98 N.Y.2d 677, 746 N.Y.S.2d 467, 774 N.E.2d 232).
Defendant further contends that his case was improperly transferred between Supreme Court and County Court in Monroe County for various purposes because there are no transfer orders in the record ( see generally 22 NYCRR 200.14). Defendant failed to preserve that contention for our review ( see CPL 470.05[2] ), and we decline to exercise our power to review it as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice ( see CPL 470.15[6][a] ). We reject defendant's contention that the alleged transfer error constitutes a mode of proceedings error such that preservation is not required ( see People v. Ott, 83 A.D.3d 1495, 921 N.Y.S.2d 450, lv. denied 17 N.Y.3d 808, 929 N.Y.S.2d 568, 953 N.E.2d 806; see generally People v. Wilson, 14 N.Y.3d 895, 905 N.Y.S.2d 100, 931 N.E.2d 69).
Contrary to the further contention of defendant, County Court (Sirkin, J.) did not violate Judiciary Law § 21 by allegedly issuing a decision on defendant's suppression motion at trial without hearing the evidence in support of the motion. The record establishes that County Court (Lindley, A.J.) presided over the Wade hearing and expressly denied the suppression motion, and that Judge Sirkin at trial merely clarified for the record that the motion had been denied. Defendant failed to preserve for our review his further contention that Judge Lindley failed to comply with CPL 710.60(6) by setting forth the reasons for his denial of the suppression motion ( see People v. Battle, 202 A.D.2d 1045, 1046, 609 N.Y.S.2d 716, lv. denied 83 N.Y.2d 908, 614 N.Y.S.2d 390, 637 N.E.2d 281; People v. Hunt, 187 A.D.2d 981, 982, 591 N.Y.S.2d 107, lv. denied 81 N.Y.2d 887, 597 N.Y.S.2d 948, 613 N.E.2d 980), and we decline to exercise our power to review that contention as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice ( see CPL 470.15[6][a] ).
Contrary to defendant's contention, the sentence is not unduly harsh or severe. Finally, we have considered defendant's
remaining contentions and conclude that they are without merit.
It is hereby ORDERED that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed.